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School Leaders in the Philippines are confronted with unexpectedly high levels of hardship. The school leaders function is expansive in scope, extremely demanding, and time-sensitive (Riley 2015). Individual psychological traits are distinct aspects of a person that shape their actions and mindset. These traits encompass one's personality, temperament, cognitive abilities, and emotional conditions. Being prepared for school is crucial as it enables teachers to enhance and build upon a child's abilities, particularly in social interactions. However, today's challenge to achieving school readiness stems from the disruptions caused by the pandemic. This research aims to determine whether public schools in San Pablo City are equipped to handle post-pandemic classes, focusing on factors such as the adequacy of instructional materials, quality of governance and leadership, efficiency of school operations, effectiveness of teacher performance, student engagement, and the level of parental involvement. This study is anchored on Distributed leadership by Edwin Hutchins, Hutchins' theory, a conceptual and analytical approach how the work of leadership takes place distributed leadership is basically shared management and Goal setting theory for Leadership practices which state that for goals to be motivational, they have to be specific and challenging but yet attainable (Locke and Latham, 1990, 2002). The research revealed a strong connection between the leadership practices of school administrators and the school's preparedness in various areas. These areas include establishing clear goals and expectations, allocating resources to meet these objectives, fostering high-quality teaching, promoting professional development for teachers, and maintaining a secure and organized learning environment. The study brought out that the public schools in San Pablo City elementary are prepared for the post pandemic classes in terms of instructional adequacy, leadership and governance, school operation, teacher performance, learners interest, and parental support. Ultimately, the study identified that the leadership practices and psychological administrative traits of school heads are key indicators of how prepared public schools in the San Pablo City Division are for the "new normal" during the 2022-2023 school year. The participants in this study will include both elementary school principals and teachers from the San Pablo City Division. The elementary schools are composed of 7 district with a total School heads and teachers population of seventy-three (385). To collect the data, the researcher primarily used a self-designed online survey questionnaire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study shows a comprehensive evaluation of the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) personnel's competencies in enforcing maritime criminal laws. Anchored in the context of the Philippines' complex maritime environment, the research highlighted the pivotal role of the PCG in safeguarding maritime security, safety, and environmental protection through effective law enforcement. Employing mixed methods, the study used interviews and survey questionnaire among PCG personnel. The findings revealed significant gaps in knowledge and skills among PCG personnel, particularly in the application of specific criminal laws and procedures relevant to maritime law enforcement. It was observed that while personnel possessed basic knowledge of laws, there were inconsistencies in their ability to apply this knowledge effectively during law enforcement operations. Additionally, the study identified a strong correlation between the level of education, training, and the competency levels of the respondents, suggesting that continuous professional development and targeted training programs are crucial for enhancing the PCG's operational effectiveness. The study underscored the need for a structured and comprehensive training program tailored to address the identified competency gaps. The program is essential for enhancing capabilities for maritime criminal laws enforcement. The research advocated for the integration of theoretical knowledge with practical application through continuous education and training, emphasizing the importance of developing a skilled workforce capable of adapting to the challenges of maritime law enforcement. The findings serve as a strategic guide for the PCG to enhance personnel management, operational efficiency, and stakeholder trust, ultimately contributing to the nation's maritime security framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the dominant sports coaching style preferred by athletes at Cavite State University Imus Campus in the Philippines. Drawing upon a descriptive research methodology, the study investigates athletes' preferences across various demographic factors and types of sports played. A total of 183 officially enrolled athletes participated in the study, providing valuable insights into their coaching preferences. The findings reveal a universal preference for democratic coaching styles (x= 4.69) among athletes, emphasizing collaboration, communication, and participatory decision-making. Regardless of age, sex, year level, or degree program, athletes consistently rated democratic coaching as their preferred style. However, variations and exceptions were observed across certain types of sports, highlighting the importance of tailored coaching approaches. An interesting finding emerged regarding archery, where the athlete's average ratings for all coaching styles--Democratic, Autocratic, and Laissez-Faire--were consistently rated as x=5.00, suggesting a preference for any coaching style by a single athlete. Moreover, exceptions were observed in specific sports. For instance, in Chess, an Autocratic coaching style was dominant, indicating a preference for a directive approach (x=4.91). Similarly, in Lawn Tennis, athletes showed dual preferences for both Democratic and Autocratic coaching styles. It is significant that coaches recognize and adapt to athletes' preferences to optimize engagement, motivation, and performance outcomes. Aligning the appropriate coaching style to the athletes' preference, can enhance the overall athletic experience and contribute to the success and satisfaction of athletes in their sporting endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the mental health of private senior high school students and its effect on their academic performance during the fourth quarter of S.Y. 2020-2021 amid pandemic. It was conducted among grade 11 students enrolled in private schools in Zone I, Division of Zambales utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. The Mental Health Inventory or MHI-38 was used as the questionnaire for the quantitative part while online interviews were used for qualitative part. Findings revealed that students experienced anxiety during the pandemic. Despite being anxious, students were psychologically well and less distressed. Overall, they were in a positive state of mental health. The study also revealed that students' anxiety has significant difference with the modular distance learning delivery modality. The study has found no significant relationship between students' mental health and academic performance during the last quarter of S.Y. 2020-2021. Qualitative data analysis found that students experienced mental, academic, and social problems during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the world slowly recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is clear that we will not be returning to the world we once knew. Instead, we are adapting to a "New Normal" - a world where we must learn to coexist with the virus. This new way of life vastly differs from what we were accustomed to, and every aspect of our lives has been impacted. Teachers have a significant role in shaping the future of education, and they, too, have been affected by the pandemic. In this study, we sought to understand the challenges and issues public elementary school teachers face in the Philippines due to the pandemic. We employed a qualitative phenomenological research design, selecting nine participants who shared their experiences. Through our analysis, we identified seven themes, including lack of communication, parents' low levels of education, insufficient time for printing modules, teachers' out-of-pocket expenses, difficulty in assessing learners' academic performance, the need for professional growth, and teachers' positive response to the changes. Despite their challenges, these teachers remain resilient and motivated to adapt to the new normal. Despite the difficulties, they continue to work hard to ensure their pupils receive quality education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the areas where proficient teachers struggle the most and the areas where they feel confident regarding influence in decision-making, instructional, disciplinary, parental involvement, community involvement, and a positive school climate. A mixedmethod of sequential explanatory design was utilized, involving 70 secondary high school teachers in the Cluster I Schools Division of Pampanga. The study's findings demonstrated that teachers are more comfortable and feel more competent and confident in areas like instruction and a positive school climate, where they have more direct control over the conduct and learning of their students. On the other hand, the respondents seemed to be reasonably confident in their ability to influence decisions made within the educational institution. This could be due to several factors, including their experience, relationships with other staff members, or participation in committees that make decisions for the organization. The study highlighted the importance of maintaining collaboration and support among educators, administrators, and the entire school community to foster an environment that values ongoing learning and effective teaching strategies. Lastly, this study emphasized how important teacher self-efficacy is in determining effective teaching practices, especially for experienced teachers. It also emphasized the importance of recognizing and providing targeted support for teachers' strengths to build their confidence and ultimately improve student achievement. The research suggests that schools should give priority to programs that increase teacher self-efficacy through mentorship programs, targeted professional development, and building a supportive school culture. These efforts will ultimately increase instructional effectiveness and improve the teachers' overall confidence in teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted courts worldwide to swiftly transition to online operations, including virtual hearings, to maintain continuity amid health concerns. This shift signifies a lasting impact on the justice system. Despite this, research on the effectiveness and challenges of court videoconferencing, particularly in the Philippines, remains limited. This study aimed to address this gap by employing a descriptive-evaluative approach and surveying 213 respondents, including court officers, prosecutors, lawyers, jail officers, and police officers, in Angeles City. The study assessed challenges such as procedural integrity and technical glitches, as well as perspectives on judicial efficiency and cost effectiveness. Findings revealed significant hurdles in videoconference hearings, yet respondents recognized their benefits in expediting case resolutions and enhancing security. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in evaluations across respondent groups. Interviews corroborated survey results, highlighting concerns and benefits of videoconference hearings. Addressing challenges while leveraging benefits is crucial, requiring investment in technological literacy, internet connectivity, and procedural integrity safeguards. Policymakers should also explore solutions to infrastructure limitations, fostering widespread adoption of videoconference hearings for a more effective and fair legal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aimed of this study was to ascertain how female uniformed Philippine National Police members manage their careers and how satisfied they are with their jobs. This study used survey methods in conjunction with descriptive correlation analysis. The San Juan City Police Station was the only location used for research with twenty-five (25) female uniformed personnel in the research area served as the respondents. Martinez (2019) provided a survey questionnaire that was used as the research instrument in this study. They used the mean and Pearson-r Correlation to examine the data. According to the survey, female officers support the program's implementation and are usually satisfied with its goals. Although they are contented with their compensation and benefits, they nevertheless require additional fundings in order to carry out their duties as professionals. Work satisfaction among female officers is effectively increased by the career management and development program, as evidenced by promoting gender equality and creating inclusive work environment. Investing in professional development boosts female officers' morale, motivation, and commitment to their jobs. Higher retention rates follow from this, particularly for law enforcement agencies. Additionally, the program improves performance and productivity, which helps the Philippine National Police succeed overall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A clearer understanding of human or social aspects of environmental issues will enhance conservation. While social acceptance is critical in determining MPA success, it continues to be an inadequately explored area of research. This study examined the acceptability of the proposed Marine Protected Area in Ozamiz City, Philippines. Stressing the significance of social acceptability to an MPA's successful implementation, this investigated the influence of the fishing households' knowledge of the marine environment and coastal resource management and the perceived condition of the coastal environment on the social acceptability of a proposed MPA implementation. The study used a mixed-method, particularly concurrent triangulation design, utilizing a sample of 270 fishing households in the 15 coastal barangays of Ozamiz City. The data were gathered through a survey supplemented with key informant interviews (KII). The study revealed that the knowledge of the marine environment and coastal resource management had shown a highly significant relationship and emerged as a predictor of the social acceptability of the proposed MPA. Therefore, greater knowledge of the marine environment and coastal resource management among the fisher folks and stakeholders, in general, may result in a higher level of acceptability of the proposed MPA, thus resulting in a successful implementation. Strategies must be implemented to enhance and enrich the fisher folks' knowledge of the marine ecosystem and coastal resource management. Information on the features, characteristics, and importance of the corals and coral reefs to the marine ecosystem should be emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As COVID-19 forced schools to shift to distance learning, the modular approach, in particular, became the most viable option for the continuity of learning. However, these sudden changes also brought unique experiences to novice teachers. This study explored the lived experiences of novice secondary school English teachers (NSSET) in Tagum City in implementing modular distance learning (MDL) in the context of the pandemic. Phenomenological inquiry based on Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory was used to explain the experiences of the eight (8) participants. Using validated researcher-made interview questions, virtual in-depth interviews were conducted. Through Braun and Clarke's (2006) six-step framework, themes that emerged, categorized into five echelons, are as follows: poor cooperation of parents and students, and productive collaboration with colleagues and immediate heads; overwhelming pressure from external sources, and taking direction from others' influence; perpetual communication breakdown, and confronting challenges in the delivery of modular learning; meeting society's expectations; abrupt adjustment to the new normal. These shape the experiences of the NSSET in conducting MDL in the new normal. However, the poor cooperation of parents and students poses the most significant experience for the NSSET. Notwithstanding, novice teachers navigated successfully through these experiences brought about by implementing MDL amid the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study specifically assessed the level of implementation of the Drug Rehabilitation Program, treatment and intervention for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUD) in Basud, Camarines Norte. It employed descriptive research where 300 respondents participated as respondents. As to the findings, in terms of community preparation PNP Basud initiates advocacy programs on drug education in the community. The least implemented practice was initiating activities in organizing screening for person who use drugs. Meanwhile, in terms of screening, it was found that MHO Basud initiates accomplishing intake form during the screening process. The least practice was initiating schedule check-up by MHO Basud. In terms of assessment, the results showed that MHO Basud ensures other assessment of other mental health conditions using mhGAP IG. The least practice, however, was ensuring request for laboratory/diagnostic test by the MHO Basud. In terms of implementation of intervention, it was revealed that MHO Basud implements community-based treatment for person who uses drugs. The least practice was implements inpatient treatment for person who uses drugs by MHO Basud. Finally, in terms of aftercare program, it was revealed that DILG Basud undertakes community reintegration for person who formerly uses drugs. The least practice, however, was ensuring follow-up for person who formerly uses drugs by the DILG Basud. Comprehensive community-based training programs and educational orientation on drug-related treatment, rehabilitation and interventions may be continuously provided to the implementers of interventions to raise public awareness on the essence, objectives and processes involved in community-based drug rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological advancements have mainstreamed online advertisements in potentially meeting a wide array of viewers through the combination of texts and images. The integration leads to the emergence of the multimodal discourse analysis which constitutes broader semiotic resources in the construction of meaning. Working together, these resources contain elements that can represent a cultural identity. With that, this study explored how the presence of eroticism in the Philippine culture is reflected in the selected seven Viva Max online advertisements through a multimodal analysis of their linguistic elements and visual grammar. Using Halliday's Systematic Functional Linguistics, the ideational, interpersonal, and textual metafunctions reveal that the participants, Filipino women, are highlighted as sex objects. They trade their chastity by alluring and initiating sexual intercourses in exchange of material possessions. Moreover, same sex relationships have been normalized in the Philippine society despite its deep catholic beliefs. Consistently, using Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006) Visual Grammar, representational and interactive analyses show participants having seductive poses, revealing outfits, and fierce facial expressions to show dominance over the viewers. These deconstruct the power women have in sexual intercourses. Overall, the eroticism in the Philippine culture reflects how women have remained men's weaknesses in gratifying their sexual desires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effects of teacher-mediated pronunciation instruction on enhancing the oral language fluency of seventh-grade English students. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent groups design, 32 learners served as respondents of the thirteen-session- study in a secondary school in Southern Luzon, Philippines. The student-respondents were tested to find out whether there would be a significant difference in their knowledge and application of the segmentals and suprasegmentals before and after the implementation of the said intervention. In all the instruments, namely the dictation test, pronunciation achievement test, and aural-oral achievement test, the findings revealed that the experimental group performed significantly higher than the control group. Through the independent sample t-test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), the results revealed that the experimental group had higher mean scores than the control group with t-computed values exceeding the tabular values affirming that an explicit pronunciation instruction is better in enhancing the oral language fluency of students than only incidental acquisition. The more the learners are exposed to an intervention, the more that they will become intelligible. Other effects also include the more frequently that the teacher conducts various games, the more that the students enjoy and learn pronunciation; and the more refined a learner's pronunciation skill is, the more improved he/she is when it comes to listening comprehension and spelling. Finally, it is recommended that more and newer interventions regarding second language phonology or any content that focuses on speaking as a macro-strand in English should be delved into. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]