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Recombinase-aided polymerase chain reaction (RAP) is a sensitive, single-tube, two-stage nucleic acid amplification method. This study aimed to develop an assay that can be used for the early diagnosis of three types of bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), and Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) in the bloodstream based on recombinant human mannan-binding lectin protein (M1 protein)-conjugated magnetic bead (M1 bead) enrichment of pathogens combined with RAP. Recombinant plasmids were used to evaluate the assay sensitivity. Common blood influenza bacteria were used for the specific detection. Simulated and clinical plasma samples were enriched with M1 beads and then subjected to multiple recombinase-aided PCR (M-RAP) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays. Kappa analysis was used to evaluate the consistency between the two assays. The M-RAP method had sensitivity rates of 1, 10, and 1 copies/μL for the detection of SA, PA, and AB plasmids, respectively, without cross-reaction to other bacterial species. The M-RAP assay obtained results for < 10 CFU/mL pathogens in the blood within 4 h, with higher sensitivity than qPCR. M-RAP and qPCR for SA, PA, and AB yielded Kappa values of 0.839, 0.815, and 0.856, respectively (P < 0.05). An M-RAP assay for SA, PA, and AB in blood samples utilizing M1 bead enrichment has been developed and can be potentially used for the early detection of bacteremia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, widely targeted metabolomics and chemometrics were utilized to comprehensively analyse the formation of taste compounds in Longjing green tea. A total of 580 non-volatile metabolites were identified by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, and alterations in three metabolic pathways were investigated. Notably, the fixation process reduced phosphatidic acid levels, resulting in the formation of lyso-phosphatidylcholine and lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine, as well as the release of esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids. Baiye No.1 had high levels of L-glutamic acid and l -glutamine, while Longjing 43 showed elevated levels of flavones. Correlation analysis and sensory verification indicated that the specific concentration of L-leucine could decrease the umami of the tea. These findings advance our understanding of Longjing green tea quality improvement and cultivar development. • Metabolite changes in tea processing were analyzed across different tea cultivars. • The three cultivars display distinct metabolites and taste profiles. • Fixation increases lyso-phosphatidylcholine and lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine levels. • L-glutamic acid and l -glutamine are abundant in the Baiye No.1 cultivar. • The taste-related metabolite changes were generally similar across cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For three-dimensional (3-D) vibration suppression of flexible beams, the most commonly used method is the boundary-controlled strategy, which is challenging to employ in general environments. In this study, a novel strategy by employing planned-motion flywheel assembly is designed to suppress 3-D vibration of flexible beams, which is easier to implement and more widely applicable than the boundary-controlled strategy. First, the dynamic equations of flexible beams with flywheel assembly are derived based on the Lagrange equation, where the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and the geometric nonlinearity are employed. Subsequently, the phase delay method is employed to plan the motion of the flywheel assembly, while the optimal parameters in the expressions of flywheel assembly's motion are derived through the analysis of system energy. Theoretical results suggest that the flywheel assembly with planned motion enables the beam stable rapidly in free vibration and decreases displacement in forced vibration. Experimental results also demonstrate this strategy can enable the beam stable rapidly in free vibration under various initial conditions. The proposed control strategy can provide effective 3-D vibration suppression in flexible beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• An effective theoretical dynamics model of BFJDSs is proposed. • Vibration experiment of BFJDSs is conducted. • Experiment validates the present theoretical model. • Present model is applicable for bolt looseness and no-looseness conditions. Bolted flange joint disk-drum structures (BFJDSs) are key components in aero-engines, in which fatigue damage often occurs due to structural vibration. However, no study has so far given an effective theoretical dynamic model of BFJDSs. In this study, an effective dynamic model of BFJDSs is proposed. The present model considers the flange effect, non-uniform contact pressure of bolted joint, and bolt mass. The theoretical expression for describing the stiffness variation of bolted joints is presented. During the modeling process, the energy functions of disk, drum, and flange are obtained according to the Kirchhoff plate, Sanders' shell, and Euler-Bernoulli beam theories, respectively. The non-uniform artificial spring technique is adopted to simulate the pressure distribution of bolted joint. This method is capable of taking into account the contact pressure, which is closer to real contact situation. The displacement functions of disk and drum are expanded by using the Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, and the motion equations are obtained by employing the Lagrange equation. Then, the experimental studies are performed on BFJDSs to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical model. Finally, the frequency veering and coupling vibration phenomena are revealed. The comparison studies indicate that the established theoretical model can well predict the vibration characteristics of BFJDSs under both bolt looseness and no-looseness conditions. The maximum error can be reduced from 46.81% to 3.61% by using the present dynamic model. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accumulating evidence indicates the crucial role of microglia-mediated inflammation and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Baohuoside I, a natural flavonoid extracted from Herba Epimedii , has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory effects, but its potential neuroprotective effects and mechanism against PD have not been documented. The anti-inflammatory effects of Baohuoside I were evaluated by LPS-induced BV2 cells or primary microglia isolated from wide type or G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) gene knockout mice. The underlying mechanism related to GPER-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition was further explored using LPS-induced GPER+/+ or GPER−/− mouse models of PD. The neuroprotective effects of Baohuoside I were detected through western blot analysis, real-time PCR, molecular docking, mouse behavioral tests, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Baohuoside I significantly alleviated LPS-induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signal and the increase of pyroptosis levels as evidenced by the downregulated expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (NLRP3, ASC, pro-Caspase-1, IL-1β) in microglia cells. Intragastric administration of Baohuoside I protected against LPS-induced motor dysfunction and loss of dopaminergic neurons, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines expressions, and inhibited microglial (Iba-1) and astrocyte (GFAP) activation in the nigrostriatal pathway in LPS-induced mouse model of PD. Pretreatment with GPER antagonist G15 in microglia cells or GPER gene deletion in mice significantly blocked the inhibitory effects of Baohuoside I on LPS-induced neuroinflammation and activation of the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway. Molecular docking further indicated that Baohuoside I might bind to GPER directly with a binding energy of -10.4 kcal/mol. Baohuoside I provides neuroprotective effects against PD by inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signal and NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway. The molecular target for its anti-inflammatory effects is proved to be GPER in the PD mouse model. Baohuoside I may be a valuable anti-neuroinflammatory agent and a drug with well-defined target for the treatment of PD. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The antibiotics were not detected in grains and heavy metals did not exceed limits. • MRGs ruvB and acn , and ARGs sul1 and sul2 were the dominating resistant genes. • Co-selection may serve as a potential mechanism for resistance maintenance. • MRG CzcA and ARG sul1 can be recommended as model genes to study the co-selection. • Proteobacteria were the most influential hosts for MRG, ARG, and integrons. Secondary municipal-treated wastewater irrigation may introduce residual antibiotics into the agricultural systems contaminated with certain heavy metals, ultimately leading to the coexistence of antibiotics and heavy metals. The coexistence may induce synergistic resistance to both in the microbial community. Here, we investigated the effects of long-term municipal-treated irrigation for rice on the microbiome and resistome. The results showed that the target antibiotics were undetectable in edible grains, and the heavy metal concentrations did not exceed the standard in edible rice grains. Heavy metal resistance genes (MRGs) ruvB and acn antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) sul1 and sul2 were the dominating resistant genes. The coexistence of antibiotics and heavy metals affected the microbial community and promoted metal and antibiotic resistance. Network analysis revealed that Proteobacteria were the most influential hosts for MRGs, ARGs, and integrons, and co-selection may serve as a potential mechanism for resistance maintenance. MRG czcA and ARG sul1 can be recommended as model genes to study the co-selection of ARGs and MRGs in environments. The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the co-occurrence of heavy metals and antibiotics while developing effective methods to prevent the transmission of ARGs. These findings are critical for assessing the possible human health concerns associated with secondary municipal-treated wastewater irrigation for agriculture and improving the understanding of the coexistence of heavy metals and antibiotics. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Dynamic model of shaft-disk rotors in axial non-uniform temperature field is developed. • Three-dimensional displacement fields for both shaft and disk are considered. • Temperature-dependent material properties are considered. • Present model can effectively predict vibrations of shaft-disk rotors in axial non-uniform temperature field. • Effect of non-uniform temperature field is related to the rotational speed and disk location. Research on vibrations of shaft-disk rotors in non-uniform thermal field is essential for the design of rotating machinery. In this paper, the dynamic model of axially loaded thin-walled shaft-disk rotors in axial non-uniform temperature field is developed, considering three-dimensional displacement fields of the shaft and disk. This model introduces the temperature-dependent properties of materials, and gyroscopic and centrifugal effects. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and the Kirchhoff plate theory, Lagrange's equation is used to derive the differential equations of motion. By comparing with the results of the existing reference and finite element results, the accuracy of the present model is verified. The effects of the axial displacement of shaft, temperature-dependent material property, temperature difference, temperature distribution, disk position and axial preload on the free vibration of shaft-disk rotors are discussed. Results show that the present model can effectively predict free vibrations of shaft-disk rotors in axial non-uniform temperature field. The effect of thermal field on vibrations of shaft-disk rotors is affected by the rotational speed and disk location as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To advance our understanding of the responses of tropical cyclones (TCs) to abrupt climate transitions, we investigate the variation of genesis potential and the underlying mechanisms during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) that is characterized by frequent millennial-scale oscillations, using a set of coupled model simulations. We illustrate that genesis potential mainly increases over the eastern North Pacific and South Pacific in the storm season during MIS 3 interstadial relative to preindustrial, whereas it decreases over the western North Pacific, North Atlantic, South Indian Ocean, and Australian coast. The relative importance of each genesis factor to genesis potential change varies across oceans. During the transition from warm interstadial to cold stadial induced by freshwater injection, TC genesis potential generally decreases in the Northern Hemisphere, while increases in the Southern Hemisphere. These changes are associated with asymmetric variations of genesis factors between Northern and Southern Hemisphere, which are further tied to the adjustment of large-scale environmental factors in response to the weakened Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Additionally, TC genesis potential exhibits a regional "overshoot" phenomenon when the freshwater injection is terminated, manifested by an increase over the eastern North Pacific and North Atlantic and a decrease over the South Pacific, compared with the initial interstadial state. Our results may help improve our knowledge on past TC behaviors and shed lights on TC response to potential abrupt climate transitions in a warmer future. • The variations of genesis potential vary across oceans during MIS 3 interstadial. • Hemisphere-asymmetric response of genesis potential during warm–cold transition. • An "overshoot" phenomenon in genesis potential during climate transition recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catechins are the primary polyphenols in tea. Enzymatic oxidation models of (-)-epicatechin (EC) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with different proportions were established to investigate the formation mechanism of oxidation products and their relationship to color characteristics. Their oxidation products were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) combined with UV-visible spectrometry. These products were quantified by LC-MS and performed correlation coefficient analysis of color. The results indicated that single oxidation of EGCG dominated the whole reaction when EGCG had high proportions in the reaction mixture, promoting the formation of red pigments such as dehydrotheasinensin AQ and theacitrinin B. When EC with high ratios, the oxidation pathways preferred utilizing both EC and EGCG, promoting the formation of yellow pigments such as theaflavin and theadibenzotropolone A. This study provided the detailed oxidation mechanism of EC and EGCG mixture, suggesting that the proportions of catechol-type and pyrogallol-type catechins markedly affected the direction of enzymatic oxidation reaction and further influenced the color formation. [Display omitted] • The enzymatic oxidation products of EC-EGCG at different ratios were studied. • Higher proportion of EGCG promoted the formation of red oxidation products. • Higher proportion of EC promoted the formation of yellow oxidation products. • Two yellow oxidation products were newly identified as catechin trimmers. • It offers a fresh perspective on the differences in the color of black tea infusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Nonlinear dynamics of bolted JCCSs are studied theoretically and experimentally. • Displacement-dependent characteristics in bolt connection zone are considered. • The developed model is capable of predicting nonlinear vibration of bolted JCCSs. • Experimental results validate the present theoretical model. This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of joined conical-cylindrical shells (JCCSs) with bolt connection for the first time. In the process of developing mechanical model of the bolt connection, the displacement-dependent stiffness and damping are taken into account, which could simulate the change of the contact state at the connection interface under different excitations. Both theoretical and experimental studies are performed to illustrate the nonlinear vibration behaviors of the bolted JCCSs. Successive uniform distributed artificial springs between the conical and cylindrical shells are adopted to simulate the rigid joint of the two shells. Donnell's shell theory is employed in theoretical modeling, and the governing equation is obtained by the Lagrange equation. The displacement admissible function applied in the research is Chebyshev polynomial. By comparison with existing literature and experimental data, the accuracy of present theoretical model is validated. It is found that both theory and experiment show a dynamic softening phenomenon with the increase of excitation level. Taking the displacement-dependent characteristics in bolt connection zone into consideration can effectively illustrate this soft phenomenon. The established model is capable of predicting the nonlinear vibration characteristics of JCCSs with bolt connection. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• An effective mathematical model for bolted flange joints is proposed. • The proposed model is applicable for both bolt looseness and no-looseness conditions. • Experimental results validate the proposed model. • The soft nonlinearity characteristics of bolted flange joint multi-plate structure under base excitation are revealed. Bolted flange joints are widely used in various engineering structures to combine two or more substructures together. However, the understanding of mechanical mechanism of bolted flange joints is still insufficient due to the lack of efficient mathematical models. This paper proposes an effective mathematical model for bolted flange joints, which is then employed to conduct vibration analysis on bolted flange joint multiple-plate structures. During the modeling process, the flange is modeled by the Kirchhoff plate theory, and the bolted joints are modeled by the two-dimensional face constraint in bolted joint affected region (BJAR). The artificial spring technique is adopted to simulate the face constraint. The friction contact model and equivalent linearization technique are adopted to analyze the stick and slip states of bolted joints. By adopting the Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials as admissible functions, governing equations are derived. Then, the Rayleigh-Ritz method is applied to study the free vibration characteristics, and the Newmark-beta method is employed to study the vibration response under base excitation. The experimental studies are performed on the bolted flange joint two-plate structure (BFJTPS) to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical model. The results indicate that the proposed mathematical model can well predict the vibration characteristics of multiple-plate structures under both bolt looseness and no-looseness conditions. The soft nonlinearity phenomenon under bolt looseness condition can be successfully revealed by the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The piezo-actuated beam model considering the neutral surface offset caused by the piezoelectric actuator is established and the LADRC algorithm is designed. • Modal experiment and AVC experiment of the piezo-actuated beam are carried out. • The AVC of the piezo-actuated beam is studied by using theoretical and experimental methods. • The vibration suppression performance of the LADRC algorithm on piezo-actuated beams is studied, and the adaptability and anti-noise ability of the LADRC algorithm are explored. The active vibration control (AVC) of lightweight thin-walled structures on spacecraft has been a proven solution for vibration suppression. In this study, a linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) algorithm is presented for vibration suppression of piezo-actuated beams. Firstly, the governing equation of a piezo-actuated beam is obtained by using the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and the Lagrange equation. The LADRC algorithm is designed for the piezo-actuated beam based on the governing equation. Then, the accuracy of the piezo-actuated beam model is confirmed by comparison with ANSYS and experiments. Finally, numerical simulations and experiments are carried out on the active vibration suppression of the piezo-actuated beam under the fixed harmonic excitation, variable harmonic excitation, and fixed harmonic excitation with measuring noise, respectively. The results show that the LADRC algorithm has an excellent control effect on structural vibration suppression, strong adaptability to various external excitations, and anti-noise ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) typically exhibit slow deformation in response to environmental stimuli. However, recent studies have demonstrated that when LCE is reduced to a fiber form, it can undergo rapid and reversible contractions. This unique property allows LCE fibers to convert light energy into fast mechanical motion, enabling them to act as actuators that can swiftly flip the wings or lift an object. In this paper, we present a theoretical investigation of a three-dimensional pendulum constructed by a LCE fiber, which differs from the conventional pendulum with a fixed string length. The string length of the LCE pendulum is time-dependent and responsive to light radiation. We develop a nonlinear dynamic model based on Lagrangian mechanics and the photodynamic theory of LCE to study the effects of initial conditions, light intensity, radiation region, damping factor, and gravity on the characteristics of the three-dimensional pendulum. Our findings reveal the existence of three distinct modes of motion: static, light-excited self-oscillation, and light-excited self-rotation. We elucidate the mechanisms underlying these modes by investigating the time-dependent length of the string, the forces acting on the string, and the work done by light radiation during each period. The results and dynamic model presented in this paper provide valuable insights into light-driven motion structures and offer references for the design of soft robotics, energy harvesting devices, and wing-flapping micro aircraft applications based on smart soft materials. [Display omitted] • We theoretically investigate a 3D pendulum with cone-shaped illumination zone. • The string of pendulum is time-dependent and responsive to light radiation. • We reveal the pendulum can gradually transits from 3D to 2D in-plane motion. • We find the static, in-plane self-oscillation, and self-rotation motion modes. • We investigate the mechanism and transition process of self-oscillation and self-rotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geometric design plays a significant role in achieving lightweight and high strength for spacecraft and aircraft fuselages. By introducing the general formulas for the curvature and Lamé coefficients in cylindrical coordinates, this work develops a unified nonlinear dynamic model for the shell of revolution with an arbitrary meridian. Based on Love's theory with the von Kármán nonlinearity and the variational method, a system of high-dimensional nonlinear equations describing the motions of the shell of revolution is formulated. Subsequently, the natural frequencies are analyzed, and the nonlinear periodic responses are obtained with the harmonic balance method and the arc-length continuation technique. The effectiveness of the developed model has been verified by comparing with the available results in the literature and FEM. The numerical results demonstrate the crucial role of the shell meridian in determining dynamic responses. Furthermore, the results indicate that the natural frequencies of shells can be designed by meridian modifications without significant volume change. Meanwhile, the nonlinear mode coupling, which amplifies the response complexity, can be avoided. This feature facilitates the attainment of controllable response amplitude in the shell of revolution. The developed model offers an intuitive method to achieve high shell stiffness while minimizing mass by optimizing the meridian geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The Miocene Zankan intrusion share geochemical affinities of high Ba-Sr rocks. • It was derived from garnet-phlogopite pyroxenite in enriched lithospheric mantle. • Isotopic shift in the Central Pamir mantle occurred from the Eocene to Miocene. • High Ba-Sr granitoids have a role in the generation of continental crust. High Ba–Sr granitoids differ from the I-, S- and A-type granitoids, and their petrogenesis and role in the evolution of the continental crust remain enigmatic. This paper reports a study of whole-rock geochemistry, and Sr–Nd isotopes, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Lu–Hf isotopes of the Zankan high Ba–Sr intrusion in the Central Pamir. U–Pb dating of zircons suggests that the pluton was emplaced during the Miocene (10.2 ± 0.1 Ma). The Zankan rocks have high contents of K 2 O (3.83 to 12.3 wt%), Rb (212–483 ppm), Ba (701–6910 ppm), and Sr (503–3371 ppm). They have several geochemical characteristics that are consistent with A-type granitoids, such as high Na 2 O + K 2 O (8.10–14.2 wt%) and Zr + Nb + Ce + Y (336–1393 ppm) contents. All samples have enriched Sr–Nd–Hf isotope compositions, with 87Sr/86Sr i = 0.7097 to 0.7126, ε Nd (T) = −9.3 to −8.4, and ε Hf (T) = −12.2 to −4.0. Their isotopic compositions differ from those of mafic lower crust in the Central Pamir. Alternatively, the Zankan rocks may have been derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle. Combining our new isotopic results with data from the literature, we propose that a shift from isotopically juvenile to more isotopically evolved compositions in mantle-derived magmas took place from the Eocene to Miocene. The isotopic shift reveals that South Pamir lower crust was underthrusted beneath the Central Pamir lithosphere during the Miocene. Although high Ba–Sr granitoids generally exhibit "crust-like" isotopic characteristics, our data indicate that they play a role in continental growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploring of transition metal-based selenides (TMSes) as the efficient electrocatalysts in acidic and alkaline media has received extensive for a wide range of practical applications. We combine the advantages of self-supporting electrode, P doping and synergistic effect between bimetallic materials to synthesize P-doped Fe 0.5 Mo 0.5 Se 2 grown on carbon cloth (P–Fe 0.5 Mo 0.5 Se 2 /CC), which displays high hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalytic property in both electrolytes. The P–Fe 0.5 Mo 0.5 Se 2 /CC catalyst with proportion-optimized shows good performance. Specifically, it has low overpotentials of 102 and 179 mV at current density of 10 mA cm−2 and small Tafel slope values of 54 and 80 mV dec−1 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 and 1 M KOH media, respectively. This work offers the simple way and perspective worth to investigate the design of efficient electrocatalyst in both solutions. P–Fe 0.5 Mo 0.5 Se 2 /CC with the proportion-optimized displays well HER performance in both acidic and alkaline media. Specifically, it has the low overpotential of 102/179 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and small Tafel slope of 54/80 mV dec−1 in acidic/alkaline medium, respectively. It is mainly attributable to the self-supporting electrode increasing the electrical conductivity of catalyst, P doping enhancing the intrinsic activity of catalyst and the synergistic effect enhancing the intrinsic activity to achieve well HER property. [Display omitted] • P–Fe 0.5 Mo 0.5 Se 2 /CC has good HER activity in both acidic and alkaline media. • P–Fe 0.5 Mo 0.5 Se 2 /CC as the self-standing electrode can avoid the use of binders. • The synergistic effect between FeSe 2 and MoSe 2 enhances HER performance. • P doping has the positive contribution for the better activity of P–Fe 0.5 Mo 0.5 Se 2 /CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Low-voltage stimulated denitrification in treating high-salinity wastewater. • Low voltage increased the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances. • Halotolerant denitrifying Pseudomonas and Nitratireductor enriched. • A novel method for rapidly acclimating halotolerant denitrifying microorganisms. Nitrate is a common contaminant in high-salinity wastewater, which has adverse effects on both the environment and human health. However, conventional biological treatment exhibits poor denitrification performance due to the high-salinity shock. In this study, an innovative approach using an electrostimulating microbial reactor (EMR) was explored to address this challenge. With a low-voltage input of 1.2 V, the EMR reached nitrate removal kinetic parameter (k NO3-N) of 0.0166–0.0808 h−1 under high-salinities (1.5 %-6.5 %), which was higher than that of the microbial reactor (MR) (0.0125–0.0478 h−1). The mechanisms analysis revealed that low-voltage significantly enhanced microbial salt-in strategy and promoted the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances. Halotolerant denitrification microorganisms (Pseudomonas and Nitratireductor) were also enriched in EMR. Moreover, the EMR achieved a NO 3 -N removal efficiency of 73.64 % in treating high-salinity wastewater (salinity 4.69 %) over 18-cycles, whereas the MR only reached 54.67 %. In summary, this study offers an innovative solution for denitrification of high-salinity wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the effect of positional isomerization on the photoelectric properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, thereby fully stimulating the potential of the molecular backbone, herein, two red TADF isomers, oTPA-PPP and mTPA-PPP, were developed and synthesized by linking triphenylamine (TPA) donor into different positions of the pyrido [2′,3′:5,6] pyrazino [2,3-f] [1,10] phenanthroline (PPP). Their photoluminescent quantum yields (PLQYs) and external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) were significantly different by manipulating the substitution position of the donor. Compared with mTPA-PPP, oTPA-PPP exhibited higher PLQY benefiting from intramolecular hydrogen bonding and larger fluorescence radiative decay rate, as confirmed by both theoretical and experimental analyses. As a result, oTPA-PPP-based organic light-emitting diode (OLED) realized high EQE max of 19.2 % with red emission at 603 nm, whereas mTPA-PPP achieves an EQE max of 7.9 % at 596 nm. This work provides a simple and feasible molecular design strategy to design and select red TADF emitters with excellent properties. [Display omitted] • Two emitters' photophysical properties can be finely regulated and their molecular skeleton potential is excited. • Multi-nitrogen atom receptors promote RISC and radiative transition processes. • High k r of 5.29 × 107 s−1 for oTPA-PPP suppressed the non-radiative decay and enhanced PLQY to 92.8 %. • OTPA-PPP-based OLED realized high EQE of 19.2 % with red emission peaked at 603 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • FGFR2-mediated ERK1/2 activation is involved in nickel-induced craniosynostosis. • Nickel upregulates FGFR2 via promoter hypomethylation and transcription factor Sp1. • Administration of AZD4547 effectively alleviates nickel-induced craniosynostosis. • FGFR2 plays mediating role in nickel-induced craniosynostosis in population study. Nickel, a common environmental hazard, is a risk factor for craniosynostosis. However, the underlying biological mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that early-life nickel exposure induced craniosynostosis in mice. In vitro, nickel promoted the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), and its osteogenic ability in vivo was confirmed by an ectopic osteogenesis model. Further mRNA sequencing showed that ERK1/2 signaling and FGFR2 were aberrantly activated. FGFR2 was identified as a key regulator of ERK1/2 signaling. By promoter methylation prediction and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) assays, we found that nickel induced hypomethylation in the promoter of FGFR2, which increased its binding affinity to the transcription factor Sp1. During pregnancy and postnatal stages, AZD4547 rescued nickel-induced craniosynostosis by inhibiting FGFR2 and ERK1/2. Compared with normal individuals, nickel levels were increased in the serum of individuals with craniosynostosis. Further logistic and RCS analyses showed that nickel was an independent risk factor for craniosynostosis with a nonlinear correlation. Mediated analysis showed that FGFR2 mediated 30.13% of the association between nickel and craniosynostosis risk. Collectively, we demonstrate that early-life nickel exposure triggers the hypomethylation of FGFR2 and its binding to Sp1, thereby promoting the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs by ERK1/2 signaling, leading to craniosynostosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]