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[Display omitted] • A new affinity peptide against β-LG was successfully screened, designed, synthesized, and characterized. • A conductive TA–PEI network was incorporated into electrode for electrochemical sensing of β-LG. • The developed sensor demonstrated a linear correlation range of 50 to 750 ng with a K d value of 213.9 ng. • The sensor could detect β-LG in cow and goat milk, with mean recoveries of 88.5% and 92.2%. Harmful substances that cause food allergies can pose a significant threat to consumers along with food safety. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 10 % of the global population is currently affected by food allergies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of more accurate and precise biosensors capable of detecting these hazardous substances including beta-lactoglobulin. Although numerous detection and analysis methods have been developed, they still suffer from various limitations. In this study, a tannic acid–polyethyleneimine (TA-PEI) network modified screen-printed electrodes (SPE) are newly developed and the binding sequence of peptide against β-LG was successfully screened using random peptide library. A novel affinity peptide with the desired sequence of S-L-S-P-S-L-W-Q-V-S-M-L-G-G-G-G-E-P-L-Q-L-K-M against β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) is designed and synthesized. The synthesized affinity peptide was immobilized on TA-PEI modified SPE to develop peptide-based sensor against β-LG for the first time. Under successful optimization, the developed sensor exhibited a linear relationship between 50 and 750 ng, with a K d of 213.9 ng. In addition, the sensor was able to detect β-LG in cow and goat milk, with average recoveries of 88.5 % and 92.2 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peppers (Piper nigrum L.) are distinguished by their pungent flavor and aroma. Piperine is a major acid-amide alkaloid with a piperidine ring that gives pepper its flavor and scent. In plant metabolomics research, the accessibility of the chemical standards is critical for scientific credibility. We isolated and identified 10 novel dimers of acid amide alkaloids (9–15 and 20–22), along with 12 known monomers (1–6) and dimers (7 , 8 , 16 – 19) from black pepper. Subsequently, we found the distribution of monomers and dimers of acid amide alkaloids in black and white peppers by twenty-two acid amide alkaloids which we obtained using the molecular networking technique and multivariate analysis to reveal the molecular relationships between the acid amide alkaloids in black and white peppers. Our research delved into the chemical diversity of acid amide alkaloids in black and white peppers, which could help inform future culinary and potential medicinal utilization of pepper. [Display omitted] • Discovery of new dimeric acid amide alkaloids from pepper • Variations in acid amide alkaloids due to geographic and morphologic properties • More dimers with piperidine backbones are seen in white pepper. • The molecular networking predicts the undiscovered acid amide alkaloids in pepper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]