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This paper presents the development of an innovative Internet of Things (IoT) based smart system on the university campus. The system was implemented to improve the attendance system while preventing human errors, enhancing safety measures, and improving overall organizational efficiency. This was achieved through the integration of sub-systems, including the smart attendance system, smart security system, and smart fire alarm system. The smart university system demonstrates a significant impact by effectively addressing challenges faced by students and academics. For the smart attendance system, the integration of RFID technology and ESP microcontroller is introduced to achieve real- time feedback displayed on an OLED screen, providing students with immediate updates on class registration status. Furthermore, the security system is designed to activate a servo motor and issue a buzzer alert upon authorization, ensuring controlled access to designated classrooms or laboratories. The Blynk application empowers authorized personnel to monitor entry and exit in real-time from any location. Additionally, the fire alarm system, equipped with a Wi-Fi-connected flame sensor, efficiently detects and alerts users via the Blynk mobile application in the presence of flames or smoke, mitigating potential hazards in the classroom. Notably, the fire alarm system's seamless integration with the security system enables effective door management during emergency situations. The proposed system has successfully led to the development of an integrated IoT-based smart system for universities, offering substantial improvements in attendance system, error reduction, and overall safety and convenience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing frequency and severity of natural disasters, particularly floods, there is a pressing need for advanced monitoring and prediction systems to mitigate their impact on vulnerable communities. Leveraging IoT technologies and machine learning algorithms present promising avenues for enhancing early warning systems and improving disaster preparedness. This research entails the design and implementation of a sensor module coupled with a LoRa-based recovery hub operating at 915MHz. The primary objective is to transmit real-time data on water level, humidity, rainfall intensity, and temperature to an IoT dashboard and a PostgreSQL database. This facilitates open access to the data for both research endeavours and public consumption, particularly for weather data analysis. The water level data collected by the system serves as input for a machine learning algorithm known as ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) implemented on the Up-square platform. The algorithm leverages time series forecasting techniques to predict flood occurrences in the river basin where the sensor module is deployed. By analyzing historical trends and current conditions, the system forecasts the water level for the subsequent thirty minutes, providing insights into potential flash flood events and establishing thresholds for near-future risk assessment. Through the integration of sensor technology, wireless communication protocols, and advanced analytics, this project contributes to the development of proactive flood prediction systems, enhancing public safety and disaster preparedness in vulnerable regions. Additionally, the open-source nature of the data facilitates collaborative research efforts and empowers communities with valuable weather-related information for informed decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising mean sea level is a significant concern globally, particularly in coastal regions such as Malaysia. Accurate prediction and forecasting of sea level variations are crucial for effective coastal management and adaptation strategies. This study aims to investigate the predictive capabilities of the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving-Average (SARIMA) model for Malaysia mean sea level. The research utilizes historical sea level data obtained from Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) at three selected stations in Malaysia, namely Pulau Pinang, Pelabuhan Kelang, and Lumut. The SARIMA model is implemented to capture the seasonal patterns, autoregressive behavior, and short-term dependencies in the sea level time series. The predictive performance of the SARIMA model is assessed using appropriate evaluation metrics, including root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Additionally, the forecasted sea level values are compared with observed data to validate the models accuracy. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the application of Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) in forecasting Malaysia mean sea level dynamics and providing valuable insights for coastal hazard management. The research outcomes emphasize the potential of seasonal ARIMA modeling as a reliable tool for predicting and forecasting mean sea level in Malaysia. This aids in decision-making processes and supports climate change mitigation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, most of the existing studies on traditional residence are focused on conservation and reuse, discussion on their environmental adaptability, and the design wisdom of traditional villages in terms of disaster prevention and mitigation and environmental adaptability has not been fully explored. Traditional villages along the coast of Fujian are divided into two categories: one is the traditional villages that were coastal defence guards in the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty; the other is the traditional villages that have been transformed defence functions. The new villages designed after the 1980s are different in terms of street layout and architectural forms, with stronger wind in the village. A comparative study of old and new villages can help us understand the wisdom of traditional villages and preserve and utilize them better. This paper thus takes Qinjiang Village in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province as a case to quantitatively summarizes the relationship between street layout and spatial morphological characteristics of historical villages and their adaptability to wind environment, by comparing the spatial integration of the village and its adaptation to the sea wind environment are analysed by CFD software simulation with Depthmap of Space Syntax. concludes that crossroads have better wind protection than T junctions for street layout under the same wind effect; the street height to width ratio is inversely proportional to the average wind speed; the activity plazas properly interspersed between streets are conducive to optimising the wind environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electronic stick designed for farmers is used to frighten the animals, snakes, etc. It is a kind of walking stick built-in-with many features like 1- location of the farmer can be find using GPS(global positioning system) and a vibrating motor helps the farmer when his/her unconscious state using emergency button placed top on the stick, 2 - Torch light to show the walking way during knights, 3 - gun shot sounds generator circuit to frighten the enemies and animals, 4 - ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance to an object using ultrasonic sound, 5 - object and animals detection using raspberry pi camera and generate the different sounds to threaten animals. In addition to the above, an important feature of generating high frequency high current shocking pulses produced from the stick at its bottom can apply electric shock pulses to the animals and snakes by pressing button on top of the stick. The idea of making this stick is to protect the former from different types of fatal threats. The main processing unit is raspberry pi 3 module B+ and all devices are interfaced with this processor. Since raspberry pi 3 module B+ is a power hunger device so it connected to direct ac supply. Entire electronic hardware be attached to the stick and famer can easily carry. Torch light, shock generating circuit, battery, raspberry pi model, ultrasonic sensor, pi camera, LED, vibrating motor etc. are attached to the stick and they are operated through corresponding buttons and interfaced with main processor. The different sounds generation through the audio file This system designed here is aimed to protect the farmer and alter him/her. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the characteristics of the 2021 Semeru Volcano eruption and develop an internet of things (IoT)-based early warning system to increase public and government awareness and manage disaster risk. The system integrates monitoring services, including climate parameters, vibration, and visual monitoring, which are recorded and stored in an online database linked to an Android App and Web Server for public access. The study found that the lack of disaster risk management efforts in the Semeru Volcano disaster-prone area, including an early warning system, was evident from the magnitude of the eruption's impact. The IoT-based early warning system aims to build community preparedness and independence in early warning information services, enhancing public safety and ensuring timely alerts and responses in disaster risk management. The implication of this study is that the IoT-based early warning system can revolutionize disaster preparedness and serve as a game-changer in managing disaster risks in Semeru and other disaster-prone areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is the country with the most frequent floods, with a total of 2,029 occurrences in 2021. West Java province is included in the region with the highest incidence of flood disasters in Indonesia, with 57 flood points. Including the flood point in South Cimahi, Cimahi City is topographically a basin area with the highest population compared to the other two districts. Floods in the Utama Urban Village of South Cimahi had a more significant economic impact and were more expensive because 115 factories were operating there. Mapping of flood locations in the Utama Urban Village of South Cimahi was carried out using updated satellite imagery data through topographic measurements and river dimensions. The measurement results and secondary data are input for flood simulation using HEC-RAS software. Furthermore, the flood hazard assessment is divided into three classes, namely low, medium, and high, following the Regulation of the Head of the National Disaster Management Agency Number 2 of 2012 concerning General Guidelines for Disaster Risk Assessment. Flood Hazard Maps are based on 2D HEC-RAS modelling results for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years return periods. The simulation results show that the Utama Urban Village of South Cimahi is more affected by flooding in the Medium class with a flood height of 1-3m. Even though the Medium class dominates it, it still makes the Utama Urban Village one of the flood emergency villages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclone intensity prediction stands as a pivotal component in the realm of disaster management, particularly given the escalating frequency and intensity of these extreme weather events attributable to the impact of climate change. Conventional meteorological models, grappling with limitations in accuracy, have spurred a transformative shift towards harnessing cutting-edge technologies, with a pronounced emphasis on deep learning. Our focus centers on employing neural networks to meticulously analyze intricate meteorological data, a pursuit geared towards elevating our comprehension of cyclone dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought is a worldwide phenomenon caused by irregular rainfall patterns and rising temperatures. Malaysia, such as in Bukit Merah, has experienced floods and droughts due to climate change. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to calibrate and validate the rainfall-runoff of Bukit Merah and determine the future drought in HEC-HMS simulation. The Hydrologic Engineering Centre – Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) is designed to simulate the rainfall-runoff of the basin. The study area's daily rainfall (mm) data were obtained from the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) from 2010 to 2019. One rainfall streamflow station was the station was used in this study area. Previous data performed the different data from the hydrologic model of Bukit Merah for calibration and validation with the coefficient of R2 = 0.708 and 0.574, respectively. The model was used to simulate the drought for the next thirty years (2020 – 2050) using SDSM's forecasted rainfall data. The modelling predicts over 30 years the lowest peak discharge is 1.06 m3/s (01 Jan 2020; 00:00), 2.13 m3/s (18 Feb 2021; 00:00), 1.98 m3/s (24 Jan 2025; 00:00), 2.47 m3/s (12 Mar 2025; 00:00) and 2.94 m3/s (14 Feb 2049; 00:00). Therefore, the drought forecasting was done using the hydrologic model, HEC-HMS, as disaster prevention. The HEC-HMS will forecast the streamflow magnitude and date, allowing the government to plan ahead of time towards drought disaster. Also recommended is the continuous recording of rainfall and runoff data, recorded at intervals that correspond to one another in time. Install automatic recording stations for streamflow and rainfall at each river exit and ensure that these recording stations are kept in good working order at all times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency of the human resource division decides the level of productivity among its workforce. During pandemic situation, the organization is bound to formulate contingency plan to proceed with the operations and business activities. In lieu with this, work from home play a significant role for the organization. The concept of work from home has been in use for more than four decades, it is considered as an option given to individual employees based on their personal traits and for a short span of time. Regarding work from home the organizations has never looked seriously in implementing a structural framework. Obviously, this was considered as a last option to adopt among the organizations. Recently work from home has been an unavoidable strategy for the services industry, especially IT and ITES based entities. This paper has brought out the perception towards work from home among the employer and employees' point of view. Their view has coined several aspects like productivity, morale, reliability, convenience, team work, coordination. These parameters have been taken in to consideration for analyzing the effectiveness and efficiency of work from home among IT employees in Chennai region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Floods in Indonesia are often triggered by heavy rainfall with a long duration. Such heavy rainfall was influenced by several factors include seasons, Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), and La Nina. The number of flood events in Indonesia in term of seasons, MJO, and La Nina has been observed from the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB) data from 2008 to 2020. Flood events in Indonesia during the 13-year observation showed the increase of annual trend in accordance with the global disasters trend. Floods events showed a significant seasonal variation with maximum number of occurence during January and February and minimum during August, coincided with the monthly rainfall pattern concerning the monsoon seasons in Indonesia. Furthermore, the MJO strongly modulated the number of flooding in Indonesia, where the flood occurence during strong MJO is more than twofold compared to weak MJO. The peak number of flood events during strong MJO was observed in 3, 4, 5 phases. In addition, La Nina modulated the number of flood events more significantly in the wet season, while in the dry season, La Nina effect was not significant compared to seasonal variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Halal product assurance is important to ensure the products is permissible to consume, especially by Muslims. Therefore, it is necessary to have an identification process between halal and non-halal products that come from other countries before being distributed to disaster victims by reading the ingredients contained in each product. This is a challenge for the logistical preparedness of disasters in Indonesia in distributing food products quickly while still ensuring the halal status of a product through the process of identifying halal and non-halal products non-manually. This study was conducted by designing a mobile-friendly website that will provide output in the form of QR Code as a medium for storing halal and non-halal ingredients data of each food aid product from other countries so that the halal status of the product can be displayed quickly through the QR Code scanning process. The design method used is System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) waterfall with prototyping development techniques to describe the processes that occur in the whole system. The results of this study indicate that the system designed can identify the halal status of a food product by displaying non-halal ingredient data contained in the product through the QR Code scanning process. The application can assist the distribution of food aid from other countries by identifying the halal status through the QR Code scanning process at each entry point such as port, airport, and military base for receiving relief goods before being distributed to the beneficiaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the simplified method for evaluating the seismic performance of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings following The Japan Building Disaster Prevention Association standard. In this method, the seismic performance of RC buildings was described in lateral strength and ductility indexes of vertical members such as columns, short columns, and masonry walls. The simplified method was applied to assess the seismic performance of an existing building that survived the September 2009 West Sumatra earthquake. The evaluated building was a three-story RC building that used brick masonry walls as the infill. The shear stress of the brick infill was obtained based on the test results on the RC frame with brick infill under static lateral load. The analysis reveals the seismic performance of the building as the reason that the building could survive the earthquake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of this study came to address potential challenges in water management in the Gaza Strip in light of the Israeli invasions. This research is closely related to the needs contained in the emergency plan for the water sector for times of conflict in the Gaza Strip. Also, providing immediate action to better prepare for shocks such as before, during and after the emergency. So, this research aims to development of an updated emergency plan for optimal management of the water sector in light of emergency situations. Considering the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip. This study derives its importance from the fact that it dealt with one of the very important issues that contribute to preserving the lives of citizens and contribute to one of the most important sectors (the water sector). The study proposes a solution that can be applied to be a basic system for managing water supplies in the event of an emergency (the Israeli aggression on the Gaza Strip), which is represented in a basic title, which is (decentralized supplies) in addition to other elements that support the management process, those elements of which part that agrees with the existing plans. This research contains a development of an updated plan that contributes to achieving the optimal management of water supplies during the Israeli aggression on the Gaza Strip. The research will reveal very useful guidelines for decision makers to guide international organizations to conduct better interventions to improve and develop the water situation in the Gaza Strip according to appropriate scientific methodologies. In addition, the research will be of value to researchers in water topics as well as those working in the field of emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study pertains to emergency planning in the water sector within conflict zones. It aims to provide valuable insights for planners, designers, operators, and administrators involved in water management. The research specifically focuses on evaluating the performance, sustainability, and optimal development of water supply management in the Gaza Strip following the 2021 conflict. Data collection for this study is conducted through the use of questionnaires. Previous studies and publications have highlighted the deterioration of water quality in the Gaza Strip. The armed conflicts have resulted in significant damage to water and sewage infrastructure, including rainwater drainage networks, public water delivery networks, sewage pumping stations, treatment facilities, and desalination plants. The findings indicate that the Gaza Strip faces challenges related to budget constraints (71.1%), execution of plans (72.4%), and technology (63.2%). Both affected and displaced individuals, as well as relevant authorities, exhibit a moderate level of agreement (66%) regarding preparedness, response, and recovery. However, only 53.2% of residents are aware of and understand the emergency plan, while a considerable portion of the population states that they were not adequately informed or involved in estimating their water requirements for emergency preparedness. The level of community awareness in this regard is relatively modest at 54.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stability of the ecosystem of the Arctic zone of the Krasnoyarsk Territory is significantly affected by human economic activity, due to the use of hydraulic structures and processes that provide them. These territories require close attention, due to the increasing frequency of man-made accidents occurring throughout the world. In order to reduce man-made risks, it is necessary to organize continuous monitoring and forecasting of risks, assess possible consequences, organize preventive measures, and develop emergency response plans. In the presented work, an approach to the problem of predicting the scale of oil spills at hydraulic structures in the year using neural network algorithms is considered on the example of an accident that occurred at the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant in 2009. Based on a trained neural network for an accident that occurred at the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant, various scenarios were simulated accidents at Arctic hydroelectric power plants. A comparative analysis of the use of mathematical modelling methods and neural network forecasting for the problems of predicting the scale of oil spills at hydraulic structures has been carried out. An assessment of the area of oil spills into the reservoir was made. The simulation of emergencies was carried out using the neural network prediction technique written in the python programming language using the Scikit-Learn library and the phoenics software product. A comparison of the analytical method for determining the area of oil spills in a reservoir and the neural network method was made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weather includes current atmospheric conditions such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind. It could be sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy, stormy, and even snowing. Rainfall is the most common type of precipitation that causes streamflow, particularly flood flow in a river. Temperature rises have increased evaporation, rainfall intensity, sea level, and other factors. These changes will result in more extraordinary disasters, such as increased flood events. Being a tropical country will also result in massive floods due to excessive rainfall during the monsoon season, particularly the northeast and southwest monsoon season. To avoid being severely impacted, the study for determining the rainfall trend is essential to identify the changes and solutions to be implemented in climate change. Understanding the rainfall characteristic is also critical for disaster risk management. Hence, using an efficient rainfall model based on the probability distribution method effectively predicts and determines the distribution of the rainfall. The main objective of this research is to analyze the rainfall distribution of monthly and annual maximum daily rainfall data at ten hydrological stations in the Kuantan River Basin from 1975 to 2021 by using Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and Gamma distribution. This research aims to determine the capability and suitability of selected probability distributions in analyzing rainfall trends in the Kuantan River Basin due to frequent weather changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In natural disaster management, good coordination, and communication in carrying out disaster relief logistics activities are important so that assistance can be delivered quickly and precisely. The Sleman Regional Disaster Management Agency (RDMA) is a government agency that has the responsibility to distribute disaster assistance in Sleman Regency. In the process of distribution of disaster relief logistics, RDMA Sleman encountered several problems. The process of recording disaster data in the form of the number of disaster victims, disaster locations, and logistics needs are still done manually. This results in information that is less accurate because the information obtained is different from several parties. These problems can be overcome by designing an integrated inventory information system between refugee camp posts from disaster locations and warehouses where logistics storage with each RDMA. The disaster logistics information system needs to be designed as needed to simplify the user in operating it. In this study, the information system was created by the Progressive Web Application method so that users can access websites and applications at once, and provide the functionality to weak network conditions, notifications, content updates, connectivity changes, and others. Information systems that have been designed can make aid distribution better and more flexible because the information presented can be directly monitored by the Sleman RDMA and some related donors. The information system that was built has also been tested by Alpha testing and concluded that the information system that was built was well running and correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to establish disaster mitigation initiatives for Boyolali Regency, Indonesia, for the years 2021 to 2024. Interviews and discussions with the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Boyolali Regency were conducted to achieve this goal, and the data was then processed using the Risk Matrix and HOR (House of Risk) phase 2. Six potential hazards were with low to medium risk classification were identified and were displayed in the form of a matrix. The top three mitigation strategies based on the value of effectiveness to difficulty (ETD) were proposed, namely establishing collaboration with community organizations in the early detection of disasters in the community, strengthening disaster-resilient villages, and making disaster risk maps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the history of the earthquake has a certain cycle with a range of periods of re-occurrence. The West Nusa Tenggara was most Provence in Indonesia affected by an earthquake. The Geomagnetic PUI measures the earth's magnetism with the Earth's magnetic, and part of PUI have group researches the Electro Magnetic Technology and Environmental Conservation for Humanity. The group research mainly observation precursor signal, the signal is prediction of an earthquake. Earthquake prediction past and future in Sumbawa Region, special location at Nurul Wathan Islamic Boarding School (Ponpes of NW) located 5 Km from Rembitan villages (center of observatories) is one of the objects of research and the community service program. The most important thing to do to meet the most urgent is trauma healing and remains vigilant by providing knowledge and direct practice of the DPS (DISASTER PREPAREDNESS SCHOOL). The implemented DPS (DISASTER PREPAREDNESS SCHOOL) (Disaster Preparedness School) for evacuations is primary. The evacuation route created is the most important in earthquake conditions. The simulation has used for a big or little number of students, the cases The Ponpes of NW consist of kindergarten, elementary school, middle school, high school. The Ponpes of NW has succeeded and implemented DPS (DISASTER PREPAREDNESS SCHOOL). So that programs continue to be expected with caution so that there are no fatalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the phenomenon of the discontinuity of earthquake damage effect in the Klaten area, specifically in the Bayat area. The micro-seismic method was employed with 44 observation points to analyze the natural frequency, amplification, and seismic vulnerability index using HVSR and FFT methods. The results showed that areas with large amplification were scattered in the alluvium deposition area in the north of West Jiwo, while the Bayat pre-tertiary rock area had low amplification values. These findings suggest that the geology of an area can significantly affect the amplification of earthquake waves and consequently influence the extent of earthquake damage. These findings may have implications for future urban planning and disaster risk reduction strategies in highly populated earthquake-prone areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]