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Clay soil is a type of soil that has the characteristics of large shrinkage, this makes clay an unfavorable material in a construction work. Low bearing capacity can lead to instability of a building foundation erected on clay soil and the swelling and shrinkage properties of clay can cause cracks in highway pavements, also rupture or breakage on the ground floor of the dam. In the construction of civil buildings, the cohesion and shear strength of the subgrade have an effect on the planning of a building, so soil stabilization can be carried out before the soil is used. One of the efforts to improve soil stabilization is mixing soil with certain materials in order to improve the technical properties of the soil to meet certain requirements by increasing soil parameters such as density, cohesion, and shear strength. The soil stabilization process includes mixing with gypsum material (CaSO4) to obtain the desired gradation so that the soil properties become better with calcium levels that bind organic matter to clay and also absorb more water which is very useful for strengthening soil. The research was conducted by testing the direct shear strength of the soil (Direct Shear Test) by adding different percentages of Gypsum (CaSO4) ranging from 5% - 10%. The effect of the addition of gypsum on the cohesion value and the optimum internal friction angle occurred in the addition of 7% lime with a value of 0.018 MPa and 24.93o. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil stabilization is one of most important for the construction which is widely used in connection with road pavement and foundation construction because it improves the engineering properties of soil. This project presents the effects of waste granite dust on, liquid limit, plastic limit, compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength(UCC), California bearing ratio(CBR) of an expansive soil. Granite dust was added to the local expansive soil in increments of 5% from 0 to 30%. According to an examination of the test findings, the California bearing ratio rose as granite dust concentration increased, as did the liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, maximum dry density, maximum dry density, and unconfined compressive strength. From the experimental analysis it was found that, the peak strength attained by adding 20% granite dust from its weight of its reference soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of soft clay soil is occurrence of expansion and shrinkage of the soil and becomes very dangerous for a construction. To overcome the problem of clay soil, several studies were carried out that can improve the characteristic of soft clay soils. The use soft clay stabilization method aims to reduce the value of the plasticity index, increase strength of soil and increase bearing capacity value. One of the methods of soil stabilization is by adding marble dust. From the chemical analysis results of marble dust show that calcium oxide content is above 50%. In this research the soft clay soil will be stabilized using marble dust of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The optimum variant for stabilization is using marble dust 20% and reaching 1,12 kg/cm2 from the UCS test which is increased from 0,39 kg/cm2 for the soft clay soil. The CBR test value on optimum variant reaching 2,15% and 2,9% from 1,63% and 2,03% on the soft clay soil from soaked and unsoaked condition. From the result, it is proved that marble dust as stabilized material can increase the strength and bearing capacity value of the soil based on the UCS and CBR test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is the soil stabilization of expensive soil using terrazyme and construction and demolition waste. In the current review the expensive clay soil was mixed with various dosage of terrazyme and CDW and had exposed enormous development in list properties of soil i;e specific gravity, OMC, MDD and CBR. Terrazyme decreases the voids and reduces the amount of consumed water in between the particles of soil so that compaction started by enzymes can be maximum. The measured results indicate that the construction and demolition waste had higher structural capacity than the clay soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since clayey soils are highly plastic therefore they are unstable for the purpose of construction. These soils continuously keep on changing temporarily or permanently once they come in contact with water. Soil stabilization is a process of enhancing the properties of soil especially from engineering point of view. This literature review scientifically scrutinizes the functioning features of clayey soils made using industrial wastes such as lime, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag(GBFS) and bagasse ash. The organized exploration was incorporated from Web of Science and SCOPUS by means of altered keywords, and 111paperworkshave been recognized. Following the screening and suitability progression in consistency with PRISMA guidelines, 30 papers have been chosen carefully and hence chosen to be assessed and explored. Here the working features of the soil keeping in view the physical properties, mechanical properties, durability criteria, microstructural examination, statistical examination, cost determination, etc. were scrutinized. Most of the studies using different industrial wastes in soil stabilization have seen to be emphasizing on determining the compressive strength, water absorption, Atterberg's Limits, strength and durability by wetting drying cycles. The PH, electrical conductivity, maximum dry density and optimum water content, thermal conductivity, tensile strength, and flexural strength have also been assessed in latest studies and recounted in this paper. The research papers used industrial wastes such as lime, GBFS, bagasse ash etc and conducted several tests for each of the materials like unconfined compressive strength(UCS), compressibility indices, Atterberg's limit, indirect tensile strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, California Bearing ratio(CBR) test, Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) test, SPC test, and many more tests and microstructural analysis during the stabilization of clayey soil via distinctive industrial wastes for advanced findings found to be short of in existing writings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clayey soils are recognized to have undesirable technical characteristics. They have a poor shear strength, which is worsened by moisture or other physical stress. Soil stabilizing procedures are required to improve the technical properties of the soil prior to construction. Additionally, waste product creation is rising daily as modernized regions of the world expand. As a result, the price of land filling and the transportation of the garbage would go up. Reusing waste resources for development purposes is a good idea. The primary goals of this study are to analyze how LDPE and aluminium waste are used in geotechnical applications in a way that is environmentally sustainable and to assess how these waste materials influence tests for the Atterberg limit, shear strength, compressibility, and unrestrained compression. India generates hundreds of tons of LDPE and aluminium waste annually, which is difficult to dispose of and has a negative effect on the environment. Aluminium scrap is acquired in the form of shreds and put to the soil in various amounts, as well as LDPE in powder form, to determine the ratio where the soil achieves its maximum strength. Additionally, the traits of dirt made of clay that hadn't been modified by LDPE and scrap aluminium were contrasted with those of untreated clay soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]