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First, the role of mass media and interpersonal communication in development in Latin America, Africa and Asia is reviewed. Then, research and development program experience are synthesized to show: (1) that at present, the mass media play a major role in creating a climate for modernization among villagers, but are less important in diffusing technological innovations—although their potential for doing so is high; (2) that mass media channels are more effective when combined with interpersonal channels, as in media forums; and (3) that the traditional mass media, such as village theater and traveling storytellers, have an important potential for development purposes, especially when they are combined with the modern electronic and print media.

Nguyen Van Be was a typical Vietnamese fighter who fought for both Vietnams. For the North, he was a departed ammunition carrier later made into the legends only propagandists could weave through radio, film, and print media. But, one Be of the same likeness, family background, and experiences was discovered in the custody of the South Vietnamese, who promptly put the live “hero” on display to world and Vietnamese media. The lines were drawn and the battle of the leaflets, radio broadcasts, broadsides, and mass meetings began. In this case study, the mechanisms which proliferated Be's heroism, the dearth of heroes on both “sides,” and an assessment concerning the effectiveness of such activity for the purpose of encouraging defection among enemy ranks are discussed.

As there is no cure to get rid of the unbearable sufferings from these diseases, prevention is the only solution to get rid of HIV/AIDS and STDs. Raising awareness among men about the long run effects of these diseases is one of the prime objectives of reproductive health programs currently executing in the world. Our study pays attention to get an idea of men's perception about these types of reproductive health problems. Findings reveal that about 87 percent men aware about HIV/AIDS and comparatively women were found same aware of AIDS. Only 54.8 percent men are found aware STIs, and more than 45 percent of the respondents have no knowledge of STIs. This indicates men's careless ness about these diseases. Mass media plays a great role in growing awareness about HIV/AIDS. Electronic, print media and interpersonal communication were the main sources of knowledge. About 30 and 40 percent men and women heard of AIDS from two sources respectively. It was found that majority of the male said uncontrolled sexual relation is the major reason of spreading AIDS. Although men's communication with their spouses can help in preventing AIDS but a large portion respondent don't talk to their spouses about preventing AIDS. Findings also elucidate that education, residence, religion, occupation, and mass media facility are the significant factors to influence AIDS knowledge among men.Key words: HIV/AIDS, STDs, Logistic Regression Analysis, BangladeshDOI = 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1367Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 pp.253-270

Despite the attention of television, radio and the print media to the war in Vietnam, few Americans other than veterans of this conflict are aware of the American Forces Vietnam Network, which attempts to use radio and television to entertain and inform troops serving in Southeast Asia. Major Ovid L. Bayless initially researched this article in Vietnam in the summer of 1967. Although most of the data in this article stem from that time, there has been some updating of information. Major Bayless (B.A., M.A., Baylor University, Ph.D., University of Denver) presently serves as associate professor of speech and English and deputy director of instructional technology at the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs.

Today, when most Americans get most of their news from the broadcast media, we tend to forget just how recent a development this has been. Broadcast journalism is far from celebrating its 50th anniversary as a major source of news, since it did not develop until the mid‐1930s. The early relationships between the older print media and the newer medium of radio were not friendly, and the fledgling broadcast journalists needed considerable diplomatic skill in dealing with the wire services and their own employers, as well as pastepot and scissors to deal with the day's events. The story of how broadcast journalism became strong enough to cover so effectively the stories of World War II is inexorably tied to the “war” between promoters and detractors of news broadcasting during the 1930s. George Lott. has studied at William and Mary and Michigan State University, where he is working on a Ph.D. in speech. He presently is assistant professor in the Department of Theatre and Speech at the College of William and ...

Exposure to news through the print media is closely linked to development of political awareness and participation by Costa Rican university students. Many do not conform to the Latin American “militant” stereotype.

I am going to interpret my terms of reference—the non‐print media—a little more literally and widely than the Chairman has suggested. We heard so much this morning of the need for accuracy in the interpretation of a brief that I cannot content myself simply with a talk on films!

James C. Austin and Donald A. Koch's Popular Literature in America (Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1972—$17.95/3.00) John Fischer's Six in the Easy Chair (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1973—$7.95) Fredric [sic] Wertham's The World of Fanzines: A Special; Form of Communication (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1973—$10.00) Arthur Asa Berger's The Comic Stripped American (New York: Walker, 1973—$7.95) Mass Comm Review (Department of Journalism, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. 19122—$4.00 per year for two issues) Marvin Kimbrough's Black Magazines: An Exploratory Study (Austin: Center for Communication Research of the University of Texas, 1973—$2.00, paper) George R. Allen's The Graduate Students' Guide to Theses and Dissertations: A Practical Manual for Writing and Research (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1973—$7.75)

Charles A. Goodrum's The Library of Congress (New York: Praeger, 1974—$10.00) Richard E. Huss' The Development of Printer's Mechanical Typesetting Methods: 1822-1925 (Charlottesville, University Press of Virginia, 1973—price not known) Bruce M. Kennedy's Community Journalism: A Way of Life (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1974—price not known) Louis E. Ingelhart's The College and University Campus Student Press: An Examination of its Status and Aspirations and Some of the Myths Surrounding It (send to Dr. John A. Boyd, National Council of College Publications Advisors, TMU 300, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809—$2.00, paper) Dan D. Nimmo and Charles M. Bonjean's Political Attitudes and Public Opinion (New York: McKay, 1972—$6.95, paper)

Der vorliegende Zusatzbericht stellt Informationen für die "Armeerundschau" bereit mit dem Ziel, das Verhältnis der Jugendlichen zur "Armeerundschau" zu analysieren. Untersucht werden die besonderen Merkmale der Leser im Vergleich zu den Nicht-Lesern, das Verhältnis der Leser der Armeerundschau zu anderen Massenmedien und ihre Erwartungen an diese Medien. Weiter wurde gefragt nach der Lesehäufigkeit von Presseerzeugnissen - Tageszeitungen, Illustrierte - nach dem Rezeptionsverhalten gegenüber Rundfunk und Fernsehen und speziell nach der Einstellung zum Empfang westlicher Sender, der Teilnahme an Sendungen des Westfernsehens und der Einstellung zur Information der Massenmedien der DDR. Weiter wurden die Interessen an verschiedenen Themen der "Armeerundschau" und die Motive der Leser erkundet. Im Anhang werden die Ergebnisse durch Tabellen und Grafiken erläutert. (pka)

Ruth Adler's A Day in the Life of the New York Times (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1971—$6.77) Les Daniels and The Mad Peck, Comix: A History of Comic Books in America (New York: Outerbridge & Dienstfrey, 1971—$7.95) 75 Years of the Comics (Boston: Boston Book and Art Co., 1971—$9.95) International Newspapers from University Microfilms (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Microfilms, 1971—free on request, paper) Chilton R. Bush (ed.) News Research for Better Newspapers (New York: American Newspaper Publishers Association Foundation, 750 Third Ave., 1965-date (annual), $2.00 or $3.00 each (set of last five volumes available for $10.00), paper) Maurice F. Tauber and Hilda Feinberg's Book Catalogs (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1971—$15.00) Martin E. Dann (ed.) The Black Press: 1827-1890 (New York: Putnam, 1971—$7.95)

Roger Lewis' Outlaws of America: The Underground Press and its Context (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1972—$1.85, paper), Ralph E. Webber (ed.) As Others See Us: American History in the Foreign Press (New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1972—price not known, paper), Harald Bohne and Harry Van Ierssel's Publishing: The Creative Business (Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1973– $3-.50, paper) Eric Nicol, One Man's Media–And How to Write for Them (Toronto: Holt, Rinehart & Winston of Canada, 1973—$2.75, paper) David.Warren Burkett, Writing Science News for the Mass Media (Houston, Texas: Gulf Publishing Co., 3301 Allen Parkway, 1973—$7.95), William H. Marnell's The Right to Know: Media and the Common Good (New York: Seabury Press, 1973—$6.95).

For a long time the size limitation of a print has been determined by the size of available and suitable print paper. To overcome these limitations artists have looked for materials other than paper as an image supporting surface. The purpose of this essay is to look into problems of printing on fabrics, using wood, plastic sheet and linoleum as print media. The term 'oversize' here refers to sizes larger than paper sizes available, i.e. paper sizes that seldom exceed 30 x 40 in. Consequently, the materials used for oversize relief prints (fabric, wood and linoleum) will exceed these average suitable paper sizes. However, these materials have their own limitations both in size and in applicability for this purpose, which are the following: limits of manual pressure in printing; practical size limits of wood or linoleum and available fabric widths and lengths for the project. These three limitations are discussed below.

ALTHOUGH annual data on national advertising expenditures do not -L~L suggest much cyclical variability, examination of quarterly data shows that advertising is quite responsive to swings in general business activity. For the postwar period, in fact, conformity between business cycles and cycles in advertising is very close. There is a general tendency for peaks in national advertising to follow business-cycle peaks by several months, although the amount of this lag has shortened in recent years. On the other hand, troughs in national advertising at cycles seem to have preceded troughs in business in earlier periods, but this response of national advertising to changes in general business activity has slowed somewhat in the most recent period and is now about the same at cycle troughs as at cycle peaks. The typical length of expansions and contractions in advertising is about the same as that for gross national product. The expansions in advertising have been perceptibly larger than those in gross national product and in industrial production, except for 1958-60 when advertising increased only about as much as industrial production. Contractions in advertising typically exceed those in gross national product but are more modest than are those in industrial production. Outdoor advertising and radio spot, whose rates of growth are the smallest of the media under study, have cyclical characteristics most typical of mature, slow-growing industries. On the other hand, network and spot television are characterized by cyclical behavior of the sort associated with rapidly growing industries. The three print media (business papers, magazines, and newspapers), whose rates of growth fall between the other two groups, also have cyclical characteristics that fall between the slow-growing and the fast-growing media.

NON-PRINT MEDIA and materials as teaching devices have made a very significant impact on educational programs, whether private, public, or commercial. Through usage and experimentation, educational institutions have attempted to increase the utility and effectiveness of these materials. By contrast, the library profession in general has ignored these materials or even resisted the emergence of these tools as viable aids in the communication of information. Not only have professional library organizations been lax in formulating standards and guidelines for these new tools, but also individual librarians have opposed the new media in their libraries. Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, library science educational programs offer few courses in non-print media, and very few curricula, if any, require students to obtain even an elementary background in this area. Library educators involved with non-print media have suggested many reasons for this inertia in the profession. These reasons, for purposes of discussion, may be grouped into three major problem areas: (1) lack of commitment of library science schools and their faculties, resulting in shortsighted content of library science media courses; (2) negative attitudes of practicing librarians; and (3) lack of concern of the professional organizations. It is apparent that the major reason for the failure of a non-print media impact on the library profession lies with the indifferent treatment these programs receive in library schools. And this indifference

Charles M. Schultz, Charlie Brown and Charlie Schultz: In Celebration of the 20th Anniversary of Peanuts (World, $6.95) Harold S. Wilson's McClure's Magazine and the Muckrakers (Princeton University Press, $10.00) Warren C. Price and Calder M. Pickett's An Annotated Journalishm Bibliography: 1958-1968 (University of Minnesota Press, $12. 75 )

By comparing newspaper accounts of Durham, North Carolina city council meetings with direct observations of those meetings, the authors identify a number of mechanisms through which local print media reinforce the authority of local governing bodies. Most of these mechanisms, they conclude, are attributable to norms governing the behavior of professional journalists, and are likely to have diverse consequences for the polity. David L. Paletz is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Duke University and Peggy Reichert and Barbara McIntyre are students there.