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Three kinds of plasmin were found to be generated when plasminogen or [(125)I]plasminogen was incubated at 32 degrees C for longer than 20 min in urokinase and 50% glycerol. Each plasmin was then separated by G-200 or G-75 Sephadex filtration, and its physicochemical properties were determined. The molecular weights of the three plasmins as determined by G-200 Sephadex filtration were 125,000+/-5,000(SD), 63,000+/-2,000(SD), and 31,500+/-1,000(SD), and those by sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)-polyacrylamide electrophoresis were 130,000+/-5,000(SD), 64,000+/-3,000(SD), and 32,000+/-1,500(SD). It was also found that during the incubation of the smallest plasmin in SDS and beta-mercaptoethanol it was further split into two smaller pieces of about 16,000 mol wt and that polymer proteins of 95,000+/-2,000(SD) and 48,000+/-1,500(SD) mol wt were formed. Despite these differences in the molecular size of the three plasmins, the specific activity of each plasmin was closely similar and in case of human plasmins averaged 29+/-0.9(SD) CTA units/mg plasmin and in case of canine plasmins 8.5+/-0.54(SD) CTA units/mg plasmin. Then, using human plasmin of the smallest size (mol wt 31,500), the total plasma antiplasmin capacity was determined in 20 normal human plasma, which averaged 7.8+/-2(SD) CTA units of plasmin per milliliter plasma. Studies were next made of the affinity of human [(125)I]-plasmin of the smallest size with albumin, gamma globulin, alpha(2)-macroglobulin, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, fibrinogen, and fibrin. The results were 0%, 0%, 14.6+/-0.5(SD)%, 17.6+/-0.6(SD)%, 21+/-0.5(SD)%, and 20.5+/-0.6(SD)%, respectively, of [(125)I]plasmin available and were unaltered when the amount of [(125)I]plasmin was increased to twice and four times the original amount. Finally, the plasma disappearance half-life of canine [(125)I]plasmin of the smallest size was studied in five healthy dogs, which averaged 14.2+/-0.63(SD) h. These results support the concept that the combination between plasmin and plasmin inhibitors is reversible and indicate that fibrinogen and fibrin have greater affinities than alpha(2)-macroglobulin or alpha(1)-antitrypsin.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as a marker to determine the rate of ongoing pinocytosis in several fibroblast cell lines. The enzyme was interiorized in the fluid phase without evidence of adsorption to the cell surface. Cytochemical reaction product was not found on the cell surface and was visualized only within intracellular vesicles and granules. Uptake was directly proportional to the administered concentration of HRP and to the duration of exposure. The rate of HRP uptake was 0.0032-0.0035% of the administered load per 10(6) cells per hour for all cells studied with one exception: L cells, after reaching confluence, progressively increased their pinocytic activity two- to fourfold. After uptake of HRP, L cells inactivated HRP with a half-life of 6-8 h. Certain metabolic requirements of pinocytosis were then studied in detail in L cells. Raising the environmental temperature increased pinocytosis over a range of 2-38 degrees C. The Q(10) was 2.7 and the activation energy, 17.6 kcal/mol. Studies on the levels of cellular ATP in the presence of various metabolic inhibitors (fluoride, 2-desoxyglycose, azide, and cyanide) showed that L cells synthesized ATP by both glycolytic and respiratory pathways. A combination of a glycolytic and a respiratory inhibitor was needed to depress cellular ATP levels as well as pinocytic activity to 10-20% of control values, whereas drugs administered individually had only partial effects. In spite of the availability of an accurate quantitative assay for fluid and solute uptake, the function of pinocytosis in tissue culture cells remains unknown.