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After a rapid description of the methods which have been utilized at the National Renault Factories to evaluate the sources of automobile noises, for two production-line cars, the author enumerates the solutions of principle which have been checked to reduce the emission level of each source. The attenuation obtained in each case is measured and a rough evaluation of the costs is made. Finally, the author shows that the research of the best cost-efficiency compromise will require a very profound modification of the standards for the measurement of sound as well as a revision of the policies followed by various countries for the conduct of the struggle against traffic noises.

This paper presents an integrated approach to the multiple-use planning of public land outside parks for the production of timber outputs and recreation opportunities, with actual administrative and budgeting processes. It is proposed that the production possibilities should be explored at the management unit level and aggregated upwards to provide district, regional, and provincial decision makers with their real planning alternatives together with the cost of them. In the aggregation process, the use of the cost-efficiency criterion allows the elimination of the less commendable alternatives. The method is straightforward and has been tested on a pilot study on the 8000-ha forest of the Leslie M. Frost Natural Resources Centre (Smith 1973). It allows a degree of control and feedback to senior administrative levels on the linkage between target setting and production potential. It would permit better coordination of these two management aspects, now determined independently.

The structuring of algorithms suitable for execution on parallel processors is discussed. Two examples of such algorithms are given. The first example exhibits a restructuring of Bellman's dynamic programming technique; the second presents a method of parsing MAD-type statements in parallel.

Attempts to develop improved methods of selecting a panel of judges for psychometric work are presented. The applications reported are in the sensory field and are limited to the assumption of a unidimensional ability underlying the judgments in question. Some aspects of cost efficiency are also considered.

Computers with parallel computing capabilities may become generally available in the future. Some implications for the field of numerical analysis are indicated. An analogue of the bisection algorithm for root determination, employing redundancy in computation as a means of developing parallelism, is presented. An evaluation of the effect of redundant parallel computation on the speed and efficiency with which results are obtained is given for this algorithm.

With the developments of parallel computer systems, the techniques for the recognition and representation of parallel task streams in a job (program) have become important to enhance the system performance.

The computation of window operations and arbitrary local operations on a parallel organized computer is studied. It is shown that for the window operations, the computation time can be minimized, subject to the restriction of memory accessibility. It is also shown that the computation time increases as the degree of disorderliness of a local operation increases.

Plant growth chambers adaptable for providing a wide range of controlled environmental conditions for plant physiological and phytopathological investigations are described and illustrated. The blueprints will be published separately. These papers provide some useful ideas for local construction of low cost, efficient units in universities and colleges where budgets cannot adequately cover such research facilities.

The computational theory of dynamic programming is examined from the viewpoint of parallel computation. A discussion of various forms of parallelism, the corresponding parallel algorithms, the applicability of the algorithms to different types of optimization problems, and their advantages over serial computation is presented. In addition, parallel aspects of various dimensionality reduction techniques such as state increment dynamic programming, successive approximations, and shift vectors are also given.

An expression to permit comparison of various techniques of polymer fractionation in terms of both fractionation efficiency and cost is proposed. Comparisons are made for large-scale gel permeation chromatography at elevated and ambient temperatures, large-scale Baker-Williams fractionation, and narrow distribution unfractionated polymers prepared by anionic polymerization.

The concept of computers such as C.mmp and ILLIAC IV is to achieve computational speed-up by performing several operations simultaneously with parallel processors. This type of computer organization is referred to as a parallel computer. In this paper, we prove upper bounds on speed-ups achievable by parallel computers for a particular problem, the solution of first order linear recurrences. We consider this problem because it is important in practice and also because it is simply stated so that we might obtain some insight into the nature of parallel computation by studying it.

Selectivity measurement techniques, specifications and test equipment requirements for evaluating selectivity in mobile communications receivers are discussed. The trend to greater Government regulation of receiver performance, the anticipated growth of the mobile radio market, and the pressures to increase the cost efficiency of technical personnel will combine to intensify the need for new techniques and equipment capable of more rapid comprehensive evaluation of communication equipment performance. The advent of programmable test equipment and the rapid advancement in micro-computer technology will introduce a new level of sophistication to mobile radio manufacturing test and maintenance procedures.

New data processing algorithms with a parallel structure are developed and applied. These algorithms Implemented on modern parallel computers should provide a substantial reduction of computation time for data processing. The particular algorithms discussed provided filtered and smoothed estimates for continuous system.

This paper presents new algorithms for the parallel evaluation of certain polynomial expression. In particular, for the parallel evaluation of xn,we introduce an algorithm which takes two steps of parallel division and [log2n] steps of parallel addition, while the usual algorithm takes [log2n] steps of parallel multiplication. Hence our algorithm is faster than the usual algorithms when multiplication takes more time than addition. Similar algorithm for the evaluation of other polynomial expressions are also introduced. Lower bounds on the time needed for the parallel evaluation of rational expressions are given. All the algorithms presented in the paper are shown to be asymptotically optimal. Moreover, we prove that by using parallelism the evaluation of any first order rational recurrence, e.g., [equation], and any non-linear polynomial recurrence can be sped up at most by a constant factor, no matter how many processors are used.

Two types of water handling control systems are exemplified and discussed The central computer with a supervisory scanner is an effective system regarding the simplicity in handling, cost efficiency, adaptability to manual control but will not operate in a stand alone configuration and is not as fast as the computer-to-computer system, in which the advantages and drawbacks are almost the reverse to the other system. Therefore, both systems are in operation and chosen with regard to these factors mentioned

The findings of a controlled experimental study in which five treatment methods were compared by both clinical and cost criteria indicate that, for most schizophrenic patient, milieu care alone is both expensive and relatively ineffective. In terms of cost per patient released and cost per case treated, it is far less expensive to provide the most effective available treatment than to merely provide a good level of milieu care without special additional treatment.