Search

An association between chronic liver disease and monoclonal gammopathy is described in 7 patients. Three cases had cold precipitable IgG-IgM complexes. Two of them manifested a syndrome of ulcerative purpura, Raynaud's phenomena, arthritis, neuropathy, encephalopathy, myopathy, and terminal glomerulonephritis. Two additional cases had occasional purpura and in 2 cases the gammopathy was asymptomatic. In 1 patient, monoclonal gammopathy developed from polyclonal gammopathy in the course of the disease, and transition to malignant lymphoma occurred several months later. Prednisone, ACTH, and azathioprine, had no appreciable effect on the cryoglobulinemia. In 2 cases, the monoclonal fraction disappeared or decreased with prednisone alone and prednisone and chlorambucil respectively.

The catalytic decomposition of 1,2-dichloroethane to vinyl chloride and hydrogen chloride was studied with three activated carbon catalysts. The order of the reaction was found to be 0.7 and the activation energies were 142, 122, and 119 kJ/mole. The results were interpreted by a mechanism which included adsorbed activated 1,2-dichloroethane complex on the surface of the catalyst.

Mouse myeloma cells (MPC-11) secreting gamma-2-b globulin were shown to proliferate into solid tumours after transplantation into the hamster cheek pouch. The implanted tumours continued to grow during the first 2 weeks; thereafter they diminished in size and disappeared completely a month after transplantation. The specific MPC-11 gammaglobulin could be detected in the serum of the hosts within 2 days after the transplantation and the changes in its concentration roughly correlated with the tumour size. The estimated half-life of the MPC-11 gammaglobulin in the circulation of the tumour-bearing hamsters was 4-6 days. Host resistance was demonstrated in tumour-bearing hamsters by their failure to develop tumours on second challenge with MPC-11 cells. ImagesFig. 2Fig. 3Fig. 4

The earliest measurable parameter that shows density-dependent inhibition is the uptake of [ 3 H]deoxyglucose by Balb 3T3 cells. The rate decreases even during the exponential phase of growth and reaches a minimum, about 8- to 10-times lower than maximum, as the culture approaches the saturation density. Cells transformed by murine sarcoma virus fail to show either growth-dependent or density-dependent inhibition of deoxyglucose uptake. Treatment with dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the presence of theophylline results in premature cessation of growth and in an arrest in the decline of deoxyglucose transport. Culture in serum-deficient medium also produces rapid inhibition of growth at low cell density, but these cultures exhibit a markedly decreased rate of deoxyglucose uptake.

A suspension of cells from a BALB/c mouse MPC-11 plasmacytoma was transplanted into the cheek pouches of 51 irradiated and 50 nonirradiated hamsters. Forty-two of the irradiated and 29 of the nonirradiated animals took the graft. The irradiated hamsters were sacrificed, at the latest, 15 days and the nonirradiated ones 21 days after the transfer. By that time, the animals had developed large tumors and showed no signs of rejection. The tumors grew as well in the nonirradiated as in the irradiated animals. Histologic examination of the injection sites revealed infiltration of the areolar tissue with tumor cells of different sizes, many of which were undergoing mitotic division. By immunocytochemical techniques we showed that the tumor cells produce a γ-2b globulin identical with that found in mice carrying this tumor. This protein was also present in the peripheral blood of the tumor-bearing hamsters. Being a privileged site, the hamster's cheek pouch can serve well as a growth-sustaining environment for a heterologous mouse plasmacytoma. Because the mouse MPC-11 plasmacytoma remains viable and synthesizes a specific paraprotein for at least 21 days after implantation in the cheek pouch of normal hamsters, we are able to use this experimental model to study the effects of the continued presence of a foreign undenaturated protein on an immunologically competent host.

A simple apparatus is described for measuring the magnetic loss as a function of magnetic field for ferrites at a frequency of 10,000 mc. The width of the ferromagnetic resonance curve is as important a factor in designing microwave devices as is the resistivity of these materials. The method of preparing ferrites and the physical properties of polycrystalline nickel ferrites as affected by preparation and firing techniques are discussed. It is shown that pores in the ferrite body substantially increase the width of the ferromagnetic resonance curve. The direct-current resistivity can be made to vary from 10 ohm-cm. to 109 ohm-cm. by changing the firing temperatures. The variation in the relative permeability with the bulk density of the body is discussed with reference to domain rotation and domain wall movement.

An investigation was made to determine the combustion rate of C operating at a surface temperature between 1000 and 3000 deg K in a stream of air. Relatively general forms of the surface reaction rate equations were used in the analysis, with the boundary layer equations simplified by letting Le = Pr = 1, so that the effect of the chemical kinetics could be elucidated. The results of the analysis can be used to make rapid engineering estimates of mass loss rate for a wide range of flight conditions. The accuracy of these estimates is limited primarily by the accuracy of the reaction rate parameters used rather than by the approximations used in the boundary layer equations, except when the combustion rate is controlled solely by diffusion and convection. Specific calculations, involving the graphical solution of two algebraic equations, were made at various stations on a blunted slender body for a flight Mach number of 15 and an altitude of 100,000 feet: The ablation rate for porous carbon approached the diffusion controlled value at the stagnation point for nose radii greater than 1 centimeter, but was found to be between the two limiting cases of reaction rate controlled and diffusionmore » controlled at a distance of 400 centimeters downstream of the stagnation point. The ablation rate for non-porous carbon, however, was reaction rate controlled for every station and geometry considered. (auth)« less

SummaryImmuno- and paper strip electrophoresis of serum proteins were performed on 6 patients with “lupoid” hepatitis and compared with the findings in 13 patients with Laennec's cirrhosis. The following changes were observed in “lupoid” hepatitis: There was a decrease in albumin, alphas haptoglobin, alpha2-beta1 lipoproteins and beta1 A globulin and an elevation in alpha2 M, beta2 A, beta2 M and gamma globulins. Immunoelectrophoresis in Laennec's cirrhosis revealed only an increase in beta2 A, beta2 M and gamma globulins. Paper strip electrophoresis revealed in both diseases a decrease in the albumin fraction and an increase in gamma globulins. The significance of these alterations in the serum proteins is discussed. The beta1 A globulin has been identified with one of the components of the complement and is diminished both in SLE and in “lupoid” hepatitis. This suggests that a similar immunologic process is operating in both diseases.

A case of a prolonged febrile disorder with hepato-splenomegaly is described, in which a parasite, probably a protozon, was found in the leucocyte of teh peripheral blood.

SummaryRats that received alphanaphthyl-isothiocyanate (ANIT) in their food developed intrahepatic bile duct hyperplasia. Immunochemical studies revealed additional antigens in the ANIT treated liver compared to that of the normal liver. These antigens were shown to be localized in the basal membrane of the intrahepatic bile ducts.

Summary Dose-response studies were performed in relation to the rate of uptake of [3H]-2-deoxyglucose by murine sarcoma virus-infected murine cells. A linear relationship was observed between the virus dilution used for infection and the rate of dgl uptake by the infected cells. The extrapolated dilution factor (reciprocal of dilution) at which no difference was observed between infected and uninfected cells was directly proportional to the activity estimated by focus assay of MSV. Such end-point dilution factors can be reproducibly and objectively obtained 2 to 4 days after infection.