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The Nimbus-5 Meteorological Satellite is equipped with a 5-channel microwave spectrometer. The two lowest channels (22.2 and 31.4 GHz) provide information on surface brightness temperature. Distinctive microwave signatures can be observed for snow, land ice, and sea ice in both polar regions. Some information on subsurface temperatures can be gained for desert areas.

The Nimbus 5 microwave spectrometer has been used to measure thermal radiation in five frequency bands between 22.235 and 58.8 gigahertz, and has yielded both the temperature profile and, over ocean, the vapor and liquid water content of the terrestrial atmosphere, even in overcast conditions. Information has also been obtained on geophysical parameters that affect the surface emissivity, such as ice type, sea roughness, and snow cover. The experiment demonstrates the considerable potential of passive microwave sensing of meteorological and geophysical parameters.

Methyl alcohol transitions in Orion at 1 cm noting emission source coincidence with IR nebula

Pulsed laser holographic applications to aerospace components nondestructive testing, inspecting electron beam welds and internal structural flaws

Determining feasibility of using laser beam holography for detection and characterization of bond defects in composite material structures

Multiple impulsive spacecraft trajectory optimization technique application to comet rendezvous problem, using computer program

Calculations are presented of the brightness temperature emission spectra of the 60-GHz O2 absorption band lines. Approximately 14 of these lines are predicted to be sufficiently strong for being measurable with state-of-the-art instruments. The intensity of the emission from these lines is shown to be quite sensitive to atmospheric temperature.

Future spacecraft mission for short period comets rendezvous, considering trajectory requirements and launch vehicle payload capabilities

Trajectory and propulsion characteristics of spacecraft rendezvous mission opportunities to comets during 1975 to 1995

Tropospheric electrical path length estimated by microwave radiometry using atmospheric models

Water vapor microwave emission measurement from galactic hydroxyl sources

Spectral transmission measurements on fused silica during and after exposure to pulsed neutron irradiation

Spectral transmission characteristics of fused silica before, during, and after exposure to reactor irradiation pulses

Optical search of sky near X-ray positions of Cyg X-1 and Cyg X-2 for identification purposes

X-ray scanning of Cygnus region with large area proportional counters flown on attitude-controlled sounding rocket

Sounding rocket experiment to study celestial X-ray sources

Aerobee rocket experiment for detecting X-ray sources in Cygnus constellation - stellar radiation

X-ray source in Crab Nebula size and position, showing visible light distribution having common center within 15-inch precision of measurement and finite angular extent

Directional neutron detector using liquid scintillator for low mev energy range for rocket and satellite experiments

Apollo X-ray astronomy experiment, noting instrumentation techniques employed and advantages

Location of X-ray source Sco X-1 determined by instrumented payload flown on stabilized Aerobee rocket

Optical identification of position of X-ray astronomical source Sco X-1, noting similarity of certain properties with old novae

Sounding rocket data analyzed for X-ray source in Scorpio constellation

Celestial observation, sounding rocket data, and emission spectrum used to identify Sco X-1 of Scorpio constellation

X ray astronomy observation techniques and apparatus noting detectors, data analysis problems for rocket observations and Crab Nebula, galactic and background radiation

X-ray astronomy from sounding rockets

Survey of extraterrestrial nonsolar X-radiation by Aerobee rocket measurements

Three cosmic X-ray source locations determined, using rocket mounted Geiger counters