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This is an initial study of the geographic aspects of the economic and social structure of the countries of Western Europe. It shows the relationship of this structure with the demographic structure and its trends in these countries. Some fundamental data are provided which should serve as points of departure toward creating a more liberal economy in Western Europe. In addition, this study also shows how every economic structure has its social and cultural consequences, and, how every change is accompanied by the problem of social and cultural adaptation. An ideal-typical description of the economics and demography of Western Europe will lead to a characterization of its social and cultural structures and problems. It will ultimately lead to the conclusion that consideration should be given to a social and cultural reconstruction, while planning for an economic reconstruction and development. A. The Economic Structure of Western Europe The great differences in the economic structure and development of the countries of Western Europe are due to physical environmental factors (such as geographic position, climate, soil structure and condition) as well as to economic and political factors. A description of the regional differences in economic structure should take into consideration the manner in which these regional economies have developed. The smallest administrative units were used as basic regional units. Quantitative data concerning these units have been made available through publications. They constitute the basic data for our analysis. These units are generally similar in size. (see table 2). I. An Analysis of the Industrial Areas (Chart I) A practically uninterrupted chain of highly industrialized areas is found from the Benelux countries on down to Northern Italy. On the periphery of this chain is an area, that is characterized by other important economic endeavours in addition to industrial activities. The southern sections of the Scandinavian countries... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on the achievements and commitment of the Marshall Plan. He states that the plan was established simultaneously while the war has afflicted the productive resources of Western Europe. He cites several accomplishments of the Marshall Plan including the position of industrial equipment and farm machinery. He remarks the economic problems of Western Europe in developing a slow treatment of the country resulting to the timetable of the recovery under the plan as impossible.

The author offers his observation on the situation of countries in Western Europe which he visited in 1948 such as Great Britain, France and Italy. The British government has released a framework for the British democratic socialism, which was advocated by the Labor Party. In France, he witnessed the economic problem, which resulted in the political crisis in the country. Italy has successfully concluded its elections in April.