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In 1964 the Minister of Public Health ordered the Government Institute for Water Supply to draw up a masterplan for the future drinking water supply in the Netherlands. Since then a network of professional contacts has been established in order to arrive at a comprehensive plan supported on a national, a regional, and a local level. The draft of the plan is now in discussion on a high administrative level. One of the most important problems of drinking water supply is the abatement of the pollution of surface water for in future the greater part of the drinking water will be derived from rivers as extension of the catchment of groundwater is limited by natural circumstances.

In discussing the subject of conformity of public water supplies to the Treasury Department Standards for drinking and culinary water supplied by common carriers in interstate commerce it would seem desirable to consider briefly (1) the development of the standards (2) the standards themselves and (3) their application by the State health departments and the Public Health Service. The certification of drinking and culinary water supplied by common carriers is based on what is commonly called the Quarantine Law of 1893. This law authorized the control activities necessary for the prevention of the entrance and spread of communicable diseases into the United States from foreign countries and from one State into another. In so far as interstate spread of disease is concerned the law directs that control be exercised by State and municipal agencies in cooperation with the Federal public health service when such agencies will undertake this task. That section of the law applying particularly to the prevention of interstate spread of disease reads as follows

The development of water purification methods has been accomplished principally with the aid of water-testing stations. An engineer in designing a water purification plant prefers to follow where possible, the indications afforded by the experience of others. Frequently, however, he has no safe guide and recourse is best had to actual tests on a working scale as nearly as possible comparable to real conditions. The critical factors in the design can thus be determined. These may be hydraulic values, such as velocities, settling periods, rates of application; biological values, such as bacterial removal; or physical values, such as the removal of tastes and odors. Briefly, the development of the testing station has been from the general to the specific. The early stations endeavored to formulate fundamental principles which have been applicable to a certain extent to all filtration plants. With these principles established, the testing station has been applied to more detailed and specific problems.

quirement through "the promotion of knowledge of materials of engineering and the standardization of specifications and the methods of testing.,, One could recite a long list of national and international accomplishments for this principal, American, voluntary, standardization agency. Suffice it to say that it has grown to a membership of about 17,000 and has 115 technical committees, which last year published 4,332 standards in 31,000 pages of the Society's 33 books of testing standards. These standards cover virtually every material and related testing method needed to sustain the complex industrial economy. Committee D-19 on Water is a relatively young, but very important, member of this impressive family, which makes its home at 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Penn.

The Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act, effective January 1, 1970, completely revises California’s 20-year-old water pollution law. Esthetics and protection of fish and wildlife have been added to beneficial uses of water to be protected. Area-wide planning for the solution to water pollution problems is encouraged. The interrelationships of water quality and water quantity as expressed by water rights are recognized. The State Water Resources Control Board now administers the related functions of water rights determination and water quality control. The State Board establishes policy and guidelines for nine Regional Water Quality Control Boards. The regional boards adopt water quality control plans and establish waste discharge requirements to meet the water quality objectives enunciated in the water quality control plans which must be approved by the State Board. Violators of waste discharge requirements may now be assessed civil penalties of up to $6,000 per day for each day of violation.

Synopsis The need for research into immiscible fluid mixtures and in particular the physical behaviour of suspensions of oil droplets in water are discussed. Tests of invidual drops in a static water tank are described. The water tunnel proposed for moving water tests is then outlined. The subsidiary problem of cleansing the water flow by the use of packed beds, which coalesce the droplets, is dealt with. Finally a detailed description of the tunnel is given, covering the problems of pumping, ducting, oil injection and instrumentation.

Developments that have brought about change to water testing, such as rehabilitation of old systems, industry reapproval of current codes, natural advantage of water testing, etc; importance of planning test and using proper equipment with emphasis on mobility.

The test handbook provides very brief descriptions of the tests that might be required in the engineering testing of amphibious landing vehicles, tracked (LVT). The purpose is to provide simple and standard methods for issuing test directives. It consists of three sections covering: an introduction dealing with definitions, procedures and policy instructions, etc.; a section on land tests; a section on water tests.

The test handbook is concerned with the tests of the LVW, LVH1, LVH2, ARCK, the LVK and their successors all of which can exceed a speed of 25 knots.