Search

Many paper products, including newspapers and paper goods used in packaging foods, contain lead. The lead content of newspapers, an important constituent of recycled paper, varies with color of ink, type of printing process, and source of newsprint. Recycled newsprint is richer in lead than virgin newsprint. Lead on or in food packages ranged from 2 to 10,000 ppm, and varied with the quantity of printing and color of ink. Printed packages contained more lead than unprinted material, although some unprinted ones contained up to 58 ppm. The potential for introducing lead into meat and milk by feeding waste paper to ruminants is explored. Negligible amounts of lead are introduced into soils and plants from news-paper mulch.

The purpose of this paper is to develop an analytic model which can be applied to the disposal of various components of municipal waste. Utilizing data from the City of Philadelphia, this paper examines the generators of used newsprint; the interactions between incineration, landfill, and the beneficial extraction of the caloric content of paper for steam generation: and the feasibility of recycling. The social cost issue is considered in light of present City disposal practices Finally, an attempt is made to derive optimal collection and disposal policies for FY 1976 as functions of various model parameters. The paper concludes that the construction of a steam generation plant is a viable alternative to present disposal practices for a range of processing costs.

The change from the production of ultra-light refractories from waste paper, sawdust and dust from electric filters to the production of perlite—sillimanite ultra-light brick permitted the drying time of the green product in tunnel driers to be reduced by a factor of 1.7 in addition to which the brick can be fired in tunnel kilns at the temperature for ordinary chamotte brick (1380°C), spoilage is reduced, the production process can be carried out on existing floor space, product quality is better, and costs are lower.

A simple linear model is constructed for production, use and recycling of various paper and related products. This model is used to estimate the maximum feasible recycling rate given the current state of pulp and paper technology. Parametric linear programming is used to investigate the effect of the efficiency of collecting, sorting and transporting waste paper on the fraction recycled.

February 14, 1968 Revenue — Selective employment tax — Qualifying activities — Waste paper sorted, graded, baled and sold to paper and board mills — Whether part of process of “manufacturing” — Whether “manufacture” — Waste paper merchants — Whether “dealers in waste paper” — Selective Employment Payments Act, 1966 (c32) s.1(2)(a) — Standard Industrial Classification Orders XV, XVI, XX.

This paper is concerned with the management organization of the Ono Gonemon family, descendants of the house of Ono Zensuke. The Ono Gonemon house was known by the name Kagiya in Kyoto and Izustuya in Nambu Koriyama. In Kyoto the family engaged in the trade of products from northern Japan, and acted as pawn brokers and second-hand dealers. They possessed a kabu license for waste paper and were active in second-hand trade as well as other businesses. In Nambu the family was involved in sake brewing, pawn brokerage, and money exchange, and served the han government in each of these occupations. In the present paper, house lineage, house precepts, and store rules are introduced, the management structure of the Nambu store and its relations with Kyoto are examined in detail, and business conditions and the organization of bekke branch families are also discussed. The management of commodities, organization of account books, accumulation of property, and sake brewing will be discussed in a subsequent article.

The South African Board Mill at Umgeni is situated about five miles from Durban, on the banks of the Umgeni river. It was formed by the Stafford Mayer group of companies in 1937, and manufacture of board from waste paper commenced in 1930. This was the first mill of its kind in South Africa, and as could be expected, various troubles were experienced at the beginning, until the arrival of skilled paper technicians from England. The board manufactured is cardboard ranging in thickness from .008” or .040” to .25” when laminated. The plant used is similar to that used for paper making.

The present status of waste paper utilization was discussed, since the ecological problems have attracted considerable attention in recent days. Moreover, the trends of future utilization of waste paper were also discussed by taking its current status in America into account. The following problems were discussed in this article. 1. collection and classification of waste paper. 2. storage of waste paper. 3. treatment of waste paper with an increasing output of converted papers. 4. diversification of waste paper utilization. Furthermore, some technological aspects of waste paper treatment and the utilization of fibers in municipal refuse were reviewed.

The “Staël-Holstein Scroll” is a convenient name to give to the document on which are inscribed the texts recently published by Professor Thomas and Professor Sten Konow in “Two Mediaeval Documents from Tun Huang”, Oslo Etnografiske Museums Skrifter, Bind 3, Hefte 3 (Oslo, 1929). It bears on one side a Buddhist Sūtra in Chinese and on the other one document in Tibetan and one in the Śaka language (also sometimes called “Khotanese” and “Nord-Arisch”). These latter have no relation to the Chinese text and were written on it when it had become waste paper.

THE BASIC RAW MATERIAL of the pulp and paper industry is wood, a common, replenishable, raw material which, unlike mineral resources that are mined, can be repeatedly grown as a crop on the same land. Other sources of fibre-straw, rope, rags, and other materials-make up less than 5 per cent of the raw material used in paper making. Wood pulp and pulp from waste paper stock account for 95 per cent of the raw material requirements.

Ground waste paper absorbed approximately three times its weight of blackstrap molasses. Upon drying, a stable and friable product resulted. It appeared to be palatable when included in the diet of lactating cows. Yearling heifers gained 0.8 kg daily on a ration which included 1.1 kg of paper and 1.7 kg molasses.

Oil may be removed from a body of water by dispersing over the oil layer fiberized paper of a specific fragment size. The fiberized paper sorbs or collects greater than 27 times its weight and is capable of holding the oil on the water surface as an oil-fibrous paper matrix or agglomerate for extensive periods so that it can be easily skimmed and recovered. Oil can be expressed from the oilpaper mass, and the paper mass can be refiberized and reused repeatedly to sorb or collect additional oil. Fiberized paper is more oleophilic than hydrophilic.

To the Editor.— As every physician is aware, arteriosclerotic heart disease is the most frequently diagnosed form of heart disease. However, the diagnosis in many instances is based on the discovery of heart disease in an individual over 50 years of age. It seems that a great many physicians use age as the sole criterion to make the diagnosis and to sign death certificates and insurance forms. Obviously, this great lack of proper diagnostic investigation makes this a waste paper diagnosis. As a result, our vital statistics become grossly inaccurate. Several forms of heart disease occur in middle aged- and elderly people that are not arteriosclerotic heart disease, and we must not forget them. We know (1) that people with rheumatic heart disease can and do live beyond the proverbial fourscore and ten, and (2) that others with congenital heart anomalies may attain ripe old age. These two entities should

Paper waste discarded by families of five persons in Logan City was studied for two seven-day periods. The sample consisted of 42 families comprised of a father who was employed full-time, a mother, and three children living at home. A questionnaire was administered to each family for the purpose of describing the sample, and to determine some of their family conditions and practices. Sample families were given plastic bags for storing of waste paper, which was collected at the end of each seven-day period. The weight of all paper discards was tabulated for each family. Seven of these families were put in a category of high paper output and seven families were put in a category of low paper output. Averages were tabulated for the total sample, high paper output category, and low paper output category. The highest and lowest total paper weights recorded for the 14 days were 62 pounds 5 ounces and 7 pounds 15 ounces respectively. The average weight for all families was 18 pounds 12 ounces. The average high paper output category was 37 pounds 11 ounces. The average low paper output category was 9 pounds 3 ounces. Through comparing these weights with information found on the questionnaires, the following may be said to have an effect on the amount of paper families discard: method of disposing of newspapers, income, and perhaps occupation of the father.

This chapter discusses salvage and utilization. Salvage is considered to be the material sorted from refuse and prepared for sale as a raw material that is incorporated in the manufacture of commodities by the appropriate branch of industry. Utilization is the treatment or conversion of a part or parts of the mass of refuse to condition it such that it is usable in industry, agriculture, or domestic life. The chapter describes the salvage and utilization of the following: (1) waste paper, (2) ferrous metals, (3) nonferrous metals, (4) textiles, (5) glass, (6) bones, (6) rubber, (7) food waste as a feeding stuff, (8) by-products from animal wastes, and (9) fuel from refuse briquettes.

Se aislo un cultivo mixto denominado Y-11 con el cual se estudio la conversion de papel periodico a biomasa. Los trabajos se llevaron a cabo a nivel de fermentador. El residuo solido no degradado de una fermentacion previa, fue reutilizado con nuevo medio de cultivo con objeto de determinar si la hidrolisis de esta fuente celulosica se detenia por el agotamiento de algun nutriente o por otros factores.

The paper and paper products industry is made up of a number of diverse industries which make or handle paper and board in their many grades. They range from the suppliers of raw materials through a wide variety of converting operations to the waste paper merchants.

n/a

courtesies be extended to the commission awhich it is customary to extend to other judicial bodies and other international committees. Suggestions, advice and objective arguments are welcomed, but polemics of all kinds will be consigned, unconsidered and unanswered, to the waste paper basket. This public notice is given only after receipt of a number of letters couched in terms which it is exceedingly difficult to construe as within the bounds of professional courtesy or diplomatic usage. CH. WARDELL STILES, Secretary

A SURVEY of textbooks and recent publications 1 indicates that asteroid tissue forms of Sporotrichum in human cases of sporotrichosis are found not uncommonly in South America and South Africa but are extremely rare in the Northern hemisphere. No case reports were found from Europe, and only 1, by Moore and Ackerman, 1a from the United States. The following case, therefore, may be of interest. REPORT OF A CASE J. H., a native-born white man aged 57 years, was referred to one of us (H. P.) because of a lesion on his right hand which had not healed in spite of medical treatment. The patient was a red-haired person with weather-beaten skin who presented several senile keratoses on face and hands. He was employed receiving baled waste paper in one of the local paper factories, and he related that a year and a half previously the end of a