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A gamma ray spectrometer recording on the surface of Venus from Venera 8 reveals a content of radioactive potassium, uranium, and thorium very similar to acid magmatic rocks on the Earth. Venus is evidently a differentiated planet.

1. Fine mineral powders in the air-dry state contain 0.02–0.5 wt.% of vapors and gases adsorbed on their surfaces; the principal constituent of these is water.

Based on the detection of ammonia in the Venus atmosphere, and the suggested presence of hydrogen chloride, a structure for the Venus atmosphere was suggested as having 3 cloud layers, consisting of ammonium chloride (30 to 50 km above the ground), a mixture of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbamate (NH2COOHN4) from 50–60 km, and water ice crystals above this. There is a strong possibility of electrical discharge in the atmosphere as a result of thermal convective turbulence, which in the case of the slightly reducing atmosphere outlined above could lead to organic compound formation.

As we reported in the last issue of Literaturnaia gazeta, a USSR-wide symposium is under way in Moscow on current problems in the theory of literary translation. The serious, scholarly nature of the symposium is becoming increasingly clear. The speeches of its participants are marked by detailed presentation and an effort on the part of each to make a substantial contribution to the discussion of the general problem, which is one of major socio-political importance. It is significant that an active part in this broad, creative discussion is being taken not only by scholars and practical workers from many cities in our country, but by guests from abroad. The speakers have discussed problems of the influence of literature in translation upon that of one's own country, the relationship between the ethnic distinctiveness of the original and the translation, what techniques make it possible most exactly to retain the characteristics of the author's style, etc., etc.

Anomalies of human body development come into the clinician's field of view usually only when a variant of structural abnormality takes beyond the so-called healthy state the function of the improperly developing organ and sometimes others, topically or functionally related to it. In most cases, the pathogenesis of such diseases is obvious, and individual forms are of interest only from the point of view of symptomatology.

The relative sensitivity error of a DST can be reduced only by selecting the materials of strings and elastic elements to have the same temperature coefficients of elastic moduli. The same applies to a SST.

The isotopic composition of the uranium of rare-earth minerals (orthite, xenotime, and gadolinite) was investigated for the detection of possible traces of Cm247 in nature,by means of an ionization chamber with a multichannel analyzer of the pulse amplitudes. The results of the measurements are discussed. A method is given for the accurate, calculation of distortions of the spectrum of α particles in ionization chambers with electron collimation. It is shown that during the investigation of samples of low intensity (0.2–1 mg of uranium), the relative content of U235/U238 isotopes can be measured by an α-spectrometric method with an error up to ∼ 1%.