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The author has consecutively investigated cytological changes in the adenohypophysis of the dog following oral administration of cinchophen.For the cytological manifestation, GOMORI's aldehyde-fuchsin-azan and periodic acid SCHIFF reaction were employed and differential cell count was made.Thirty minutes after administration, α-cells were somewhat enlarged and vacuolated β-cells and PAS positive cells already increased. Af ter one hour, degranulation in α-cells was found especially in apical part of the cell and granules in the β-cell were decreased with extensive vacuolation in cytoplasm. After 3 and 5 hours, α-cell degranulated progressively and diminished in its size and number. Granules in β-cells decreased and were hardly stained by fuchsin. Size of β-cells was strikingly variable. On the other hand, chromophobes, particularly granulated chromophobes, were increased. Changes in δ-cells were not distinct. After 7, 12 and 24 hours, restoration progressed, although not accomplished even after 24 hours.ACTH release after administration of cinchophen has been revealed in both previous and this, investigations, but additional hormone release seemed also not deniable from these findings.

The measurements of a bird are usually taken by the length of wing, tail, tarsus and culmen. The authors measured these parts of over 400 individuals of the adult Japanese Tree-Sparrow, Passer montanus saturatus Stejneger, collected in the yard of Wildlife Experiment Office, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Renkoji, Minami-tama Gun, Tokyo. The collection was carried out by the use of bird-net for the period January 5 to December 21, 1965. This paper dealt with the result of study on individual variation of this kind of sparrows. The wing length ranged from 61.0 to 73.0 mm with an average of 67.66±0.25 mm. The figure representing the frequency distribution of this measurement value showed nearly normal distribution curve. The tail length ranged from 50.0 to 59.0 mm, tarsus from 15.0 to 19.0 mm, and culmen from 9.0 to 12.0 mm, respectively. The body weight ranged from 18.0 to 27.5g. The correlation coefficients of the length of tail, tarsus, culmen, and body weight against wing length were also calculated. As the result of these calculations, the length of tail was found to be highly correlated with that of wing but other three parts are not so. Each of the frequency distribution curves of these characters made a continuous and mountain-shaped one, when both sexes were combined. But, when being treated statistically after sexing ten individuals (6 _??_ _??_, 4 _??_ _??_) by means of recognition of gonads, all measurement values showed a trend to be larger in males than in females.

Meconium peritonitis is an aseptic chemical peritonitis caused by spill of aseptic meconium in the peritoneal cavity due to perforation of the gut during the last 6 months of the gestation and early postnatal period. It has grave prognosis and only 15 survivors had been reported in Japanese literatures prior to 1975.A case of fibroadhesive type of the meconium peritonitis in a five-day-old male infant was presented. He was born in June 2, 1974. No abnormalities were found until he was in the 6th day of life, when he began to vomit bile stained fluid. He became distended by the next day and was transfered to the Gunma University Hospital. The scout film on admission (Fig. 1) revealed, a round calcium fleck in the subhepatic area with distended small bowel gas shadows. At laparotomy performed on the day of admission, dense calcified fibrous adhesions were found throughout the abdomen. No free perforation could be found. The adhesion was dissected out in the right lower abdomen and a side-to-side anastomosis was carried out between the bulbous distended portion of the small bowel and the terminal ileum. Immediate postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged on June 26. However, he was readmitted on 83rd p.o. day in another hospital with fever and jaundice and died of an acute yellow liver atrophy caused by post-transfusion hepatitis on the 88th p.o. day. Hepatitis B antigen was demonstrated by an orcein method in the liver of the autopsied material.

A case of atresia of the ascending colon in a 2-day-old male infant with recovery was presented. The patient was born on Aug. 26, 1964. He started to vomit bile-stained vomitus on the second day of life and had not passed meconium.On admission, he was dehydrated and distended. The right side of the abdomen was somewhat bulgy and a elliptical doughy mass was felt. A flat and upright film showed marked distention of multiple loops of intestine with air fluid levels. There was an oval shaped gigantic intestinal gas shadow in the right half of the abdomen. Barium enema revealed microcolon with the radio-opaque material terminating at the splenic flexure. Emergency laparotomy was performed with the presumptive diagnosis of colonic atresia. A type III atresia of the ascending colon was confirmed at surgery. The ascending colon, including 10cm. of terminal ileum was resected and ileosigmoidostomy was performed. His postoperative course was uneventful and he was well in seven years after surgery.Congenital atresia of the colon is rare cause of intestinal obstruction in the newborn infant. During the year 1958 to 1973 inclusive, 32 infants have been operated upon for intestinal atresia at the Department of Surgery of Gunma University Hospital, and only 2, or 6 per cent, was located in the colon.

A case of pneumatic rupture of the stomach in a nineteen-month-old boy was presented. The patient who was going to be operated upon the right inguinal hernia, suddenly developed marked abdominal distention during the induction of general anesthesia under G.O.F. with a mask. The distention was not benefited by passage of a nasogastric tube. X-ray in the supine position revealed massive pneumoperitoneum showing Miller's “foot ball” sign or “air dome” sign. The pneumoperitoneum was much more evident in the confirmatory upright film.Laparotomy was performed three and a half hours after the onset of abdominal distention. At laparotomy incision of the peritoneum released a large quantity of free air, however, no apparent perforation was found in either the stomach or the small intestine, and abdominal viscera were seemed to be intact except the small hemorrhagic and emphysematous area in the lesser omentum at the junction to the stomach near cardia. The lesser omentum was detached from the stomach and a 2.5cm. linear tear was discovered along the lesser curvature. The rent was sutured in two layers and peritoneal cavity was thoroughly irrigated with warmed sterile saline. No local antibiotics was instilled and on drainage was employed. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful.

X-ray films of gastric rupture in the newborn infant were presented with a brief comment.Case 1 : 1-day-old girl (birth weight 2, 800g.). She developed marked abdominal distention and cyanosis immediately after birth. An up-right scout film of the abdomen revealed massive pneumoperitoneum (Fig. 1) and the absence of the intestinal gas. The diagnosis of the gastric perforation with intestinal atresia was made. A linear tear, 2 cm, was found along the greater curvature high in the fundus. Atresia of the intestine was not confirmed at surgery. The gastric rent was closed in two layers and abdominal cavity was drained. The patient died shortly after operation. Permission for autopsy was refused.Case 2 : 6-day-old boy (birth weight 3, 100 g.). There had been no difficulties with delivery and no gastric intubation or attempts at resuscitation. On the 6th day of life, he become dyspneic and developed abdominal distention. The plain up-right film of the abdomen revealed pneumoperitoneum. Laparotomy disclosed a 4 cm. linear tear along the greater curvature from the fundus to near the antrum. The rent was closed in two layers and abdominal cavity was drained. He expired on the 1st postoperative day. Postmortem examination revealed generalized peritonitis. The sutured areas in the stomach wall were intact.