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Recording, by means of a sonagraph, the sound pressure generated by a turning loudspeaker, fed by white noise, one can give a synthetic representation of the directional behavior of the loudspeaker. One can study the behavior of reflecting surfaces and the directivity of a microphone by the same method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major thesis of this paper is that the convergence of expectations of the hypnotherapist and patient is an essential parameter of hypnotherapy, especially as it relates to the quality and intensity of emotional interaction. The issue of initial and later resistances to hypnosis and therapy and their deeper meanings are examined in the light of the necessary convergence of expectations and of the ways in which transference and countertransference tend to impede or enhance the hypnotherapeutic relationship. The changing levels of convergence are observed and analyzed as the process of hypnotherapy develops within sessions and across sessions. Brief examples illustrate some of the problems that the hypnotherapist must often solve almost instantly if he is to maintain and enhance the necessary convergence. 2 clinical cases are presented in detail: One, an example of hypnotherapeutic intervention with protracted convergence and deep involvement of therapist and patient; the other, an example of convergence for the more delimited interaction of a simple habit-correction. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Clinical cases are used to illustrate the opportunities for adapting a rich variety of hypnotic approaches and manipulations to the therapeutic needs and the hypnotic capabilities of different patients. Spontaneous and suggested phenomena occurring during and after hypnosis are utilized to uncover and discover conflicts and defenses, to analyze and synthesize, to test reality, to exploit transference, to supply emotional support, and to trigger corrective emotional experiences. The “palette” includes emotional abreactions, visualizations, dissociative experiences, multisensory hallucinations, age regression and progression, induction of fantasies and dreams, as well as space, time, and other perceptual distortions. Case reports are presented in detail, with significant excerpts from therapeutic sessions. The rationale for the utilization of specific manipulations is discussed and clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Recent neuroanatomical and neurophysiologica1 experimental data suggest absence or presence of pain and changes in pain intensity as expressions of the balance between sensory (peripheral) and central (centrifugal) inputs at synaptic stations. Psychological activities by contributing to the centrifugal input influence conduction, transduction, and perception of pain stimuli. Hypnotically induced analgesia and anesthesia are therefore acceptable as neurophysiological realities. Methods for hypnotic alterations of pain based upon these premises are described. They utilize neurophysiological mechanisms, psychodynamic changes, establishment of new behavioral patterns, or changes in time-space concepts and percepts. A series of case presentations iuuStrates some of these multiple psychological and physiological approaches to pain control. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A feedback method is described, permitting a loudspeaker to be driven automatically so that the sound pressure generated at any one point is constant with frequency, independent of the loudspeaker characteristics. Several applications illustrate the success of the method in the calibration of microphones and in the study of diffraction and reflection effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reverberation times, pressure decay, and echo patterns were experimentally determined. Some conclusions are presented on the application of classical formulas to very large halls and on the influence of architectural elements, especially the usefulness of columns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Report on research of resonant absorbers; the experiments have been carried out with sound waves by normal incidence on the panel, and by random sound. The measured values are compared with the theoretical ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]