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This paper discusses the travel time reliability of road network under ice and snowfall conditions. With the introduction of correction function for the influence of ice and snowfall conditions on free travel time and capacity, the function of travel time was established. According to the limitation of the current travel time reliability, the new definition was defined on the basis of quantifying the relationship between LOS (Level of Service) and travel time reliability. The breakthrough of the traditional idea that the route travel time reliability model was set by general series system was made by considering the route as a whole unit; instead of using a paralleling system; another breakthrough was made to calculate the weighted average travel time reliability of OD (Original Destination) pair. On the basis of OD pair travel time reliability, the road network reliability model was set up. A partial road network was taken as an example to validate the effectiveness and practicality of the evaluation methodology.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the value of ovarian ablation using goserelin in premenopausal patients with stage II/III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer without chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA). Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of breast patients treated between October 1999 and November 2007 without CIA. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculation of the survival rate. Log rank method and Cox regression analysis were used for univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis. Results The median follow-up period was 61 months. Initially, 353 patients remained without CIA after chemotherapy and 98 among those who received goserelin and tamoxifen (TAM). In univariate analysis, goserelin improved locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (98.9% vs. 94.1%, p=0.041), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) (85.4% vs. 71.9%, p=0.006), disease-free survival (DFS) (85.4% vs. 71.6%, p=0.005), and overall survival (OS) (93.5% vs. 83.5%, p=0.010). In multivariate analysis, goserelin treatment was an independent factor influencing DMFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.603; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.228 to 2.092; p=0.001), DFS (HR, 1.606; 95% CI, 1.231 to 2.096; p=0.001), and OS (HR, 3.311; 95% CI, 1.416 to 7.742; p=0.006). In addition, treatment with goserelin resulted in significantly improved LRFS (p=0.039), DMFS (p=0.043), DFS (p=0.036), and OS (p=0.010) in patients aged < 40 years. In patients aged ≥ 40 years, goserelin only improved DMFS (p=0.028) and DFS (p=0.027). Conclusion Ovarian ablation with goserelin plus TAM resulted in significantly improved therapeutic efficacy in premenopausal patients with stage II/III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer without CIA.

Objective We conducted a perspective study to investigate the association between mRNA expression quantities of ERCC1, BRCA1, RRM1 and RRM2 and response to chemotherapy and clinical outcome of advance Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.(NSCLC). Methods Two hundred eight patients who were diagnosed as advanced stage NSCLC were included in our study. A fluorescence-based and real-time detection method was used to determine the relative cDNA quantification for ERCC1, BRCA1, RRM1 and RRM2, and β-actin was used as the reference gene. Results The median expression levels of ERCC1, BRCA1, RRM1 and RRM2 mRNA were 0.67±0.17, 0.095±0.012, 0.24±0.17 and 2.45±0.32, respectively. Our study found that the low ERCC1 (OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.01-3.20) and Low BRCA1 (OR=2.53, 95%CI=1.38-4.64) mRNA expression was more likely to response to chemotherapy when compared with high expression, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that patients with low mRNA expression of ERCC1 and BRCA1 attained 0.43 (OR=0.43, 95%CI=0.27-0.89) and 0.37 (OR=0.37, 95%CI=0.22-0.66) fold risk of death from NSCLC. However, we found RMM1 and RRM2 mRNA expression could not influence the response to chemotherapy and clinical outcome of NSCLC. Conclusion ERCC1 and BRCA1 mRNA expression could be important predictive markers for individualized platinum-based chemotherapy for NSCLC patients.

The term “orienting reflex” was adopted as early as 1910 by Pavlov, and in the paper “Internal inhibition of conditioned reflexes and sleep—one and the same process,” published in 1923 [9], he defined the term in detail. The Pavlov school carried out important studies of the role of the orienting response in the formation of conditioned reflexes, for example, establishing that the orienting reflex is of major importance in the establishment of temporary connections to indifferent stimuli (Podkopaev [10]; Narbutovich and Podkopaev [7]). In these classical investigations, the orienting reflex was not itself studied independently or specifically, and therefore its structure and neural dynamic characteristics and other aspects have not so far been examined systematically. In the classical studies, the motor components (eye movements, head movements, etc.), respiratory and other vegetative components of the orienting reflex were principally studied; other components of the orienting reflex, however, were studied very little.

Objective: To explore the application of PDCA circulatory model in hospital digestive endoscopic nursing and its application. Methods: 48 patients were randomly selected from the control group, and the patients were treated with a routine nursing operation. Eight patients with digestive endoscopy were selected as the observation group. On the basis of the implementation of general care and then increase the PDCA cycle model, and then the two groups of patients with a detailed comparison of care and research. Results: The nursing quality and satisfaction of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the contrast difference was significantly improved (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The full application of PDCA circulatory model in digestive endoscopic nursing can effectively improve the quality of care for patients, and also improve the satisfaction of patients to a certain extent.

The electroencephalographic study of the mechanism of formation of temporary connections has received special attention in the last ten years, but the great majority of studies have been concerned with the EEG in animals. These studies cannot but alter some recognized basic concepts of the mechanisms of formation of classical conditioned reflexes. For example, we now know that the formation of conditioned reflexes is not only a mechanism of the cerebral cortex, but one that involves the entire brain from the reticular formation to the cerebral cortex. At the present time, it is generally recognized that the site of the very first “encounter” of the inputs (the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli) is in the brain stem reticular formation; in the process of progressive formation of a conditioned reflex, activity of the neurons of the brain stem reticular formation gradually comes to resemble the activity of the cells of the thalamic reticular formation, and the connections between thalamic and cortical cells are considered to form the basis for the reinforcement and formation of conditioned reflexes. A relatively detailed electroencephalographic study of temporary connections in man has been carried out by Gastaut et al. [12, 13] and studies have been carried out by a number of other workers, including Jasper and Shagass [15], Motokawa [23], Kozhevnikov [5], Stevens [25], and Kratin [6], but the large majority of investigators have described the formation of a particular reflex. We believe it is important that several kinds of indicators be selected to investigate the characteristics and neurophysiological mechanisms of the formation of temporary connections in the human brain.

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted was to detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in peripheral blood of patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) syndrome and to investigate VEGF correlation with PIH occurrence. METHODS Double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect VEGF levels in the peripheral blood of non-pregnant women (normal group, 30 cases), normal pregnant women (pregnancy group, 30 cases) and PIH patients (PIH group, 30 cases). RESULTS VEGF level in the pregnancy group was significantly higher than in the normal group, and the difference between these two groups was significant (P < 0.001). In the pregnancy group, VEGF reached the maximum level at the metaphase stage of pregnancy and started to decrease at advanced pregnancy. VEGF level in the PIH group was significantly lower than in the pregnancy group at advanced pregnancy (P < 0.01), and VEGF level significantly and gradually decreased with PIH aggravation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The significant decrease of VEGF level after pregnancy was possibly an important factor of PIH pathogenesis.

One of the main concerns in under construction tunnels is ensuring the safety of the workers and their equipment. Being aware of the real-time position of personnel in such harsh environment is challenging and usually requires a sophisticated localization system. With traditional Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSII) failing to accurately estimate the distance between nodes due to multipath effect in such long and narrow space, Radio Frequency Time-of-Flight (RF-TOF) is proved to be an alternative method for more accurate distance estimation. To reduce the communication cost, a distributed localization system is proposed, where a simple Newton Iteration location estimation algorithm is embedded in the blind node. Linear least square estimation is used as the initial value to accelerate the convergence of the iteration. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed system

UNLABELLED Objective : In this study, we aimed to investigate changes of peripheral Th17 and Treg cells frequencies in the newly-diagnosed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients for 12 months. Methods : In this research, 50 CLL patients were enrolled. Circulating Th1, Th17 cells and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma levels of related cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). The study was carried out from January 2012 to October 2013 at Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, Th17 cells related cytokines were significantly increased in CLL patients, while Treg cells related cytokines were significantly lowered. In the follow-up, we found that the frequency of Treg cells was irregular, while the frequency of Th17 cells was gradually decreased. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that Th17 cells may play important role in the immune regulation of CLL, and may become a new target in CLL therapy.