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Four infants, two boys and two girls, with congenital nephrotic syndrome are reported in a single family. The disease process began during the first year of life. The disorder did not respond to corticosteroid therapy. One infant received cyclophosphamide therapy as well without avail. All four children died from intercurrent infection. The family tree is suggestive of an autosomal recessive inheritance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A striking reduction in alkaline phosphatase activity occurs when KB cells (originally derived from a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma) are grown in hyperosmolar media and/or with prednisolone. This reduction is accompanied by the transition of the activity from predominantly heat-labile to heat-stable and by changes in susceptibility to inhibition by inorganic phosphate. Cell multiplication is required for these effects. The alkaline phosphatase of control cultures is significantly less sensitive to inhibition than the enzyme of KB cells with reduced activity. This quantitative difference is correlated with enzyme thermostability. To obtain the same degree of inhibition, greater amounts of phosphate are required for the heat-stable activity than for the heat-labile activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases is the property of BMJ Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Presents a case of a patient with multiple myeloma who developed a hemolytic anemia while being treated with melphalan. Side effects of L-phenylalanine mustard; Physical examination of the patient; Information on the antiglobulin reaction.

, , 567-573. Plasma cortisol, intravenous synacthen tests of adrenal function, arterial blood gases, and spirometric tests of respiratory function were measured in patients with bronchial asthma during clinically stable periods and during status asthmaticus. Intravenous hydrocortisone was given in a predetermined manner in an attempt to measure the effective dose for treatment. The presence of adrenal suppression did not influence the severity of the attack nor the amount of hydrocortisone required for treatment. Clinical signs, arterial oxygen tension, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, pulse rate, and blood pressure gave no indication as to which patients would respond to a single injection of aminophylline or require repeated hydrocortisone for days or weeks. The results are discussed in relation to the mechanism of bronchial asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Four cases of poisoning by nitrous fumes are reported. Three patients presented with pulmonary oedema, and one of these progressed to the phase of bronchiolitis obliterans; the fourth patient presented with the clinical features of bronchiolitis obliterans. Pulmonary function studies in both phases showed a predominantly restrictive pattern of ventilatory abnormality with a tendency to hypoxaemia, hypocapnia, and reduced transfer factor. Complete recovery followed prompt treatment with corticosteroids. It is emphasized that three of these four accidents were preventable. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The clinical, radiographical, and physiological picture of two patients suffering from desquamative interstitial pneumonia is described. The diagnosis was established by lung biopsy when the characteristic histological features were found on light microscopy. The dramatic response to adequate corticosteroid therapy is recorded, and attention is directed to the danger of serious relapse on early withdrawal of this treatment and the subsequent satisfactory response to a second course. Electron microscopical studies of the tissue from one patient add materially to the understanding of the clinical course and the nature of the tissue response. At the ultrastructural level the attenuated membranous (type 1) pneumonocytes which normally line the alveoli were replaced by granular (type 2) pneumonocytes. The desquamated intra-alveolar cells comprised two main groups. These were granular pneumonocytes, similar to those lining the alveoli, and smaller numbers of macrophages. The cytopathic effects of virus infection were not detected by light or electron microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Isoprenaline by inhalation, adrenaline by inhalation, subcutaneous adrenaline, intravenous aminophylline, and subcutaneous atropine were administered to two groups of 18 patients suffering from either chronic bronchitis or chronic asthma using a Latin square design. Prednisolone was then given to both groups of patients for six days. The responses to the drugs were assessed by recording the F.E.V. before and 20 minutes after the administration of the short-acting drugs and daily during the period of prednisolone therapy. No significant differences were found between the responses to the short-acting antispasmodic drugs in the group of patients suffering from chronic bronchitis and only an insignificant improvement in the mean F.E.V. occurred during the period of prednisolone administration. Significant differences between mean responses to the anti-spasmodic drugs of the group of patients suffering from chronic asthma were observed. The mean F.E.V. response following subcutaneous adrenaline was 44%, which was significantly better than the 23·7% improvement after adrenaline inhalation (=0·005) and the mean improvement in F.E.V. of 17·1% after subcutaneous atropine sulphate (=0·001). A dramatic improvement in the mean F.E.V. of 49·5% occurred after six days of prednisolone administration. It is tentatively suggested that a good response to subcutaneous adrenaline and a poor response to subcutaneous atropine, as judged by improvement in the F.E.V., may be an indication that a good response to prednisolone can be expected in wheezy patients. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

After intravenous injection elimination and some effects of Prednisolone were compared in sportsmen and untrained individuals. The rate of elimination was higher in sportsmen possibly due to adaptive events during muscular training. The higher rate of elimination does not seem to reduce the steroid effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diabetologia is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The degree of exophthalmos and the width of the palpebral fissure were studied serially in 58 previously thyrotoxic patients, who were divided into 6 treatment groups: 1. guanethidine eye drops; 2. oral thyroxine; 3. guanethidine eye drops and oral thyroxine; 4. guanethidine and prednisolone eye drops; 5. napththazoline nitrate 0.1% and zine sulfate 0.5% eye drops; and 6. metronidazole orally. Exophthalmos increased significantly in the first and third group, and the palpebral fissure decreased in the first group. It was concluded that guanethidine eye drops should be given when there is marked lid retraction with minimal exophtalmos; that prednisolone eye drops are not indicated in endocrine exophthalmos; and that the combination of guanethidine eye drops with oral thyroxine in different dosages is worth further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of an eleven years old child who presented monilial granuloma, as a manifestation of candida albicans infection, which produced a strongly hyper-keratotic reaction. The treatment includes the application of diodoquin, mycostatin, trichomycin, potassium iodide, chloroquin, cortisone, and prednisolone.

Copyright of Zeitschrift Für Die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin Einschließlich Experimentelle Chirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift Für Die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin Einschließlich Experimentelle Chirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Calcified Tissue Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Editorial. Focuses on immunosuppressive therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Information on immunosuppressive agents; Efficacy of the agent; Mechanism of action and dosage; Side effects and contraindications.

Presents a case report on a patient with pemphigus vulgaris treated with cyclophosphamide. Information on the disease; Mechanism of action of cyclophosphamide; Medical history of the patient; Clinical manifestations of the disease.

The article examines the importance of continuing steroid or ACTH therapy against a continuing psychosis in conditions like systemic lupus erythematosis and multiple sclerosis. In this case, the diagnosis of an organic psychosis due to steroid administration was confirmed. It is also stated that a small dose of a steroid preparation produced not just an alteration in mood but also an organic confusional state. Some authors have emphasized the predisposition towards an affective psychosis in the premorbid personality.

The article presents a case study of a patient suffering from squamous cell carcinoma of the mucous membrane. Treatment with prednisolone is discussed, which produced healing of the ulceration with leukoplakic patches persisting at the site of healing. The author indicates that purulent meningitis eventually developed, leading to death of the patient.