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This document investigates the collegiate press. Part one--The Campus Press--observes the development, expectations and present status of the campus press. Conclusions indicate the need for an independent student newspaper. Part two reviews the law and the campus press, particularly legal distinctions between public and private colleges and universities and between campus press and public press, legal consequences for three ways of operating a university newspaper, responsibilities of the campus press, consequences of selection of staff, and legal consequences of using the institution's name. Appendices for part one include a 28-item bibliography, the University of California agreement, and articles of incorporation of the Daily Californian. Appendices for part two examine limitations of free speech and review important cases. (MJM)

Building maintenance is a basic two-year trade education course requiring 2 1/2 hours of study on each of 160 teaching days per year. Student abilities should range from those capable of the simplest custodial work to those who may eventually be superintendents of building complexes. The syllabus is organized in sections by traditional skills groupings (custodial services, grounds maintenance, redecorating, carpentry, masonry, electricity, plumbing, climate control, drawings and specifications, bookkeeping and estimating). A two-column format lists course content with suggested audiovisuals and methodology. Appended are lists of texts, references, and audiovisuals; a source directory; and a list of tools and equipment considered to be the minimum necessary for a class group of 20 students. (MS)

This study evaluated the decoding skills acquired by low readers in an experimental project that taught low readers in regular class through the use of clinical procedures based on a synthetic phonic, multisensory approach. An evaluation instrument which permitted the tabulation of specific decoding skills was administered as a pretest and posttest measure to a random sample of 50 or more pupils in each primary grade, 1-3. The gains on decoding skills which were evidenced were statistically significant and occurred both among the fast learners and the slow learners within these low reading groups. One of the significant findings was that after less than a year of experimental instruction, all children in the sample acquired the skill of decoding simple three-letter short vowel words above the 40 percent correct level--a level that indicates the acquisition of transfer skills beyond the sight word level. (Author/WR)

Student Teaching Centers (STC) were established as a pilot project by Harvard University in cooperation with several public schools. The centers are directed by resident supervisors who are responsible for the supervision of student teachers, demonstration teaching of a limited number of classes in their respective fields, and, in some cases, the development of new curricula and evaluative instruments for improving teaching and supervision in their budget areas. Student teachers in the program complete one year of education-related academic study at Harvard and a one-year teaching internship. An evaluation of the centers was made by surveying the student teachers by questionnaire and by interviewing the supervisors. A comparison of the responses of students in STCs and students in ordinary student teaching situations points up striking quantitative differences in the number of contacts with their supervisors and significant qualitative differences in the ratings of supervisors. Resident supervisors agreed that the STC concept greatly facilitated induction of teachers into the classroom and into the school as institution with particular regulations and mores. Even though the results are not the product of stringent and sophisticated procedures, the evaluation suggests continuation and expansion of student teaching centers. (HMD)

This document, written for teachers, outlines the causes and extent of environmental problems relating to air pollution, water pollution, the use of fertilizers and pesticides, land use, and population density. A short bibliography includes references to periodicals and books dealing with teaching methods as well as references for background reading. (EB)

Students are making increasingly strong efforts to exercise what they consider to be their rights, and it is becoming ever more crucial to define what these rights are and what the concept of "due process" means. This report explains the meaning of procedural due process: the concept of "dueness" and the student's "right" to due process. In addition it discusses: (1) the legal relationship between the student and the institution: the contract theory, the concept of in loco parentis, the fiduciary theory, and the constitutional theory; (2) the present state of disciplinary procedures within the academy and elements of fair and just dealing in student discipline cases which should meet the "due process" requirement; (3) methods for initiating an adjudicatory system and procedures which will assure that these requirements are met; (4) some minor issues which surround the main topic, such as violation of a criminal or civil law, double jeopardy, self incrimination, right to a private or public hearing and severance, search and seizure, warrants, and record keeping; and (5) a rationale for the positions taken. A sample statement concerning student "due process" and an annotated bibliography conclude the report. (AF)

CONTRASTIVE CULTURAL FEATURES SHOULD BE INCLUDED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE GRAMMATICAL LESSON AS A MEANS OF COUNTERBALANCING THE GENERALLY UNSATISFACTORY MATERIAL USED FOR RUSSIAN TEXTS. LESSONS FOR AMERICAN STUDENTS LEARNING RUSSIAN SHOULD INCLUDE PHONOLOGICAL DRILLS ON VOWEL LENGTHS, DISTRIBUTION OF VOICED OBSTRUENTS, AND OBSTRUENT CLUSTERS, WHEREAS RUSSIAN STUDENTS LEARNING ENGLISH SHOULD BE MADE AWARE OF THEIR TENDENCY TOWARD SHORTENING VOWELS AND TERMINAL UNVOICING. THE INCLUSION OF CULTURAL FEATURES IN GRAMMATICAL LESSONS CAN BE EXTENDED AND REINFORCED BY TESTING THE CULTURAL CONTRASTS SEPARATELY OR BY COMBINED TESTING ON CULTURAL CONTRASTS AND GRAMMATICAL AND PHONOLOGICAL POINTS. TWO SAMPLE LESSONS AND TESTS, IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN, ARE INCLUDED. THIS ARTICLE APPEARED IN"THE SLAVIC AND EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL," VOLUME 11, NUMBER 3, FALL 1967, PAGES 302-307. (SS)

STUDENT TEACHING CENTERS WERE ESTABLISHED TO MORE EFFECTIVELY CONDUCT STUDENT TEACHER PROGRAMS THROUGH AN INCREASED EMPHASIS ON THE ROLE OF SUPERVISION. A STUDENT TEACHING CENTER IS AN ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENT WHERE THE SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY JOINTLY PAY THE SALARY OF A MASTER TEACHER, CALLED A RESIDENT SUPERVISOR, WHO IS GIVEN RELEASED TIME FOR THE SUPERVISION OF STUDENT TEACHERS, CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT, AND INSERVICE TRAINING OF JUNIOR STAFF. CENTERS WERE ESTABLISHED FOR FOUR SUBJECT AREAS IN THREE SCHOOL SYSTEMS AND WERE STAFFED BY HARVARD FACULTY MEMBERS, ADVANCED DOCTORAL STUDENTS, AND PUBLIC SCHOOL FACULTY MEMBERS. EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT RESULTED FROM STUDENT TEACHER RESPONSES TO QUESTIONNAIRES AND INTERVIEWS WITH THE RESIDENT SUPERVISORS. FINDINGS ILLUSTRATED THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A WELL-CONTROLLED AND SUPPORTIVE INDUCTION OF STUDENT TEACHERS INTO THE TEACHING PROFESSION. (GD)

USE OF THE VERBAL REINFORCEMENT TECHNIQUE (VRT) IN DEVELOPMENTAL, PERSONALITY, AND SOCIALIZATION STUDIES OFTEN RESTS ON TENUOUS AND UNTESTED ASSUMPTIONS. THIS STUDY EXAMINED FIVE VARIABLES WHICH HYPOTHETICALLY RELATE TO PERFORMANCE UNDER REINFORCEMENT--SELF-ESTEEM OF S. TASK-INVOLVEMENT, EXPERIMENTER, ORDINAL POSITION, AND FAMILY SIZE. THE METHOD CONTROLLED AGAINST INFORMATIONAL ADVANTAGES FOR THE NEGATIVE OR POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT CONDITIONS. SS WERE COLLEGE MALES. POSTEXPERIMENTAL DATA (FROM AN INTERVIEW) INDICATED INDUCTION OF ALL THE MPUTED VARIABLES. RESULTS WERE THAT VR HAD A MAIN EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE (DIGIT-SYMBOL TASK). NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT WAS SUPERIOR TO BOTH POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT AND TO NONEVALUATIVE INSTRUCTIONS, SUGGESTING A PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CRITICISM AND PRAISE. LOW SELF-ESTEEM SS IMPROVED MORE UNDER CRITICISM THAN DID HIGH SELF-ESTEEM SS. THE ONLY OTHER VARIABLE INTERACTING WITH REINFORCEMENT WAS FAMILY SIZE. SAMLL-FAMILY SS RESPONDED MORE TO REINFORCEMENT PER SE AND SPECIFICALLY TO POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT THAN LARGE-FAMILY SS. THIS FINDING APPEARS INCONSISTENT WITH THE SATIATION HYPOTHESIS. FAILURE OF OTHER VARIABLES TO INTERACT WITH VR, IN SPITE OF EVIDENCE THAT THESE VARIABLES WERE SUCCESSFULLY MANIPULATED, SUGGESTS THE ASSUMPTIONS OF MUCH VR RESEARCH NEED MORE DIRECT TESTING. (AUTHOR)

Authors documented the expansion of the civil rights of teachers in six areas of conflict; academic freedom, free speech, organizational membership, personal life, personal appearance, and equal protection. (Editor/RK)

Aiming at the comprehension of schools as social, political, economic, and cultural systems, this book suggests that education does not constitute a separate academic discipline but is dependent upon the social sciences for its elucidation and for its comparative study. The book emphasizes interdisciplinary approaches within four social sciences for the study of social organizations such as schools. It includes theoretical and methodical chapters in each social science discipline which are followed by completed field research on schools that demonstrate procedures and test hypotheses. The focus is in on what schools actually reveal or what they are likely to reveal about the larger society. The following studies are included: 1) from Anthropology: Schools and Civilizational States, Education in Burma, and Role Stability and Change in an Indian University; 2) from Sociology: Some Considerations on the Comparative Sociology, Secondary Schooling and Educational Opportunity: Ghana and the Ivory Coast, Educational and Social Segmentation in Modern India, and Who Shall Be Educated? The Indonesian Case; 3) from Political Science: Political Science, Education, and Development, Teachers in Politics: The Southern Nigerian Case, and The Clerk Mentality in Burmese Education; 4) FROM Economics: Economics in the Making of Educational Policy, and Chile's Search for Educational-Economic Consistency. (Author/AWW)

Research was reviewed on the current status of phenylketonuria, an hereditary amino acid metabolic disorder that can cause severe mental retardation, physical complications, and emotional difficulties if not detected and treated early in childhood. A majority of the research cited was published in the 1960's. Topics covered were: discovery of phenylketonuria; etiology; incidence; clinical syndrome; possible resulting mental retardation; frequent common physical characteristics; possible resulting neurological disorders; detection techniques through urine, blood, fluorometric, and chromotographic screening tests; considerations on dietary treatment; usual positive effects of treatment; treatment problems concerning acceptance of treatment by parents, acceptance by child himself, and regular medical surveillance; and anticipatory and corrective measures for prevention of phenylketonuria. A bibliography of about 70 documents and a listing of states having mandatory screening laws were included. (CB)

This book is one of a series prepared in connection with the Survey of Behavioral and Social Sciences (BASS) conducted between 1967 and 1969. The primary goal of the report is to provide a balanced statement of the past accomplishments, present status, and future prospects of anthropology. Although selective, the report attempts a great deal: 1) it suggests the scope of the discipline by illustrating what some anthropologists have done; 2) it indicates the history and major accomplishments of each of the principal subfields; 3) it describes the interrelationships of these subfields and the interlocking interests of anthropology and tangent disciplines; 4) it surveys current and anticipated personnel and facilities needs; 5) it projects in a tentative manner anthropology's probable development over the coming few years; and, 5) it formulates a series of recommendations to improve the discipline and increase its usefulness in applied contexts. In addition to the editors, members of the Anthropology Panel of the BASS include: Stephen Boggs, Elizabeth Colson, Eugene Giles, Dell Humes, Douglas Schwartz, and Sherwood Washburn. (Author/JLB)

This specialized bibliography of scholarly writings since 1945 on Eastern Europe covers the countries of Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia. Distinct entries number about 700 and cover works published in English in the United States and Great Britain and also sources in French and German published in Western Europe. A preface discusses language and publication limitations as well as other criterion for inclusion of entries relating to definition of "scholarly work" and concepts of social structure and social change. Content areas include social science disciplines such as anthropology, economics, demography, political science (but not diplomacy or the politics of the day), social psychology, and sociology. Sections of the bibliography are arranged by these main subject headings: 1) Social Structure-General; 2) Social Change General; 3) Personality-General; 4) Class Structure and Stratification; 5) Communication; 6) Economic Structure; 7) Education; 8) Family, Youth, Sex; 9) Intellectuals and the Professions; 10) Law; 11) Medicine and Welfare; 12) Nationalities-Ethnic Groups and Regions; 13) Political Structure; 14) Peasantry and the Village Community; 15) Population and Demography; 16) Religion; and, 17) Science. Main sections list entries by country as well as an additional subheading--Regional and Comparative. An indexed table of contents and an author index provide reference aids. Other publications of the Foreign Area Materials Center are also listed. (Author/JSB)

Offers the New Jersey State Adult Basic Education Program as a model for other states. Article gives a thorough outline of the New Jersey program. (GB)