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This is the second of a two-part review on the measurement of color and color differences. It was written to be part of a technical handbook on AATCC test methods. It presents the theoretical background on color that is needed to understand fully the color evaluations included in the AATCC test methods. The Gray Scale for Color Change and the AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale are discussed in detail. Certain special aspects of color, including whiteness, fluorescence, iridescence, flare, metamerism and color mixing are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Instrumental shade sorting of textile samples offers the advantages of consistency and a simple shade order system. A special purpose computer, integral with a unique, four-filter tristimulus colorimeter, has been developed to suit the specific requirements of textile production shade sorting. Samples may be evaluated under llluminant A and/or C conditions, to uniform visual appearance difference tolerances, regardless of hue, saturation or lightness. The human engineering considerations and design concept of the instrument system are briefly discussed, as is the simple procedure for programming the computer for the evaluation task. Mill experience with the instrumental shade sorting system indicates excellent agreement with visual judgment with greatly improved uniformity of classification. Economic advantages gained through reduced customer complaints and improved process feedback information is discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the practical use of a computer for color matching. The author describes his experience with instrumental color measurement and matching since 1954. Problems involved in computerizing a dye system are presented, with an emphasis on practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of metamerism and its definition is discussed briefly in terms of the spectral reflectance characteristics of colored materials, the spectral power distribution of the illuminant and the color-matching properties of the observer's eyes. Various ways of defining a degree of metamerism are explained and methods outlined that are potentially useful to specify the degree of metamerism. The Colorimetry Committee of the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) is currently studying several methods with the view to arriving at one or more that are suitable for practical applications and can be recommended internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]