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Composition, vol. % hydrogen sulfide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 ethane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 ethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trace propane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.7 propylene (purity 99.8 vol. %) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 isobutane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 n-Butane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 butylenes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2

When alkanesulfenyl chlorides are added to acrylic derivatives CH2=CHR (R=COOH, COOCH3, COOCH3 CN, CONH2 a mixture of the isomers\(\begin{gathered} CH_2 - CH - R \hfill \\ | | \hfill \\ Cl SR' \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \) and\(\begin{gathered} CH_2 - CH - R \hfill \\ | | \hfill \\ SR' Cl \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \) is formed and the proportions of these depend on the nature of the substituent R.

Summer, autumn and winter maps of bird populations in a nature reserve of the Sikhote-Alin Mountains (Maritime Region of the Soviet Far East) were compiled to analyze seasonal change in species distributions and total population. (Data were inadequate for compilation of a spring population map.) Two basic types of seasonal change can be distinguished: (1) a sharp increase in species diversity and total population in autumn, total absence in winter, and a smaller population peak in spring are typical of water and shore habitats; (2) a relatively gradual decline in bird numbers from summer to winter and renewed increase from winter to summer are characteristic of low-mountain broadleaf forest and the forest-meadow habitats of coastal depressions filled with lagoonlike lakes.

1. Some new β-(thio lactones) containing halogen, alkylthio, aryl, and alkyl · substituants in the α-position were synthesized. 2. Irrespective of the character of the α-substituents and the order in which the reactants are mixed, β-(thio lactones), unlike their oxygen analogs, undergo cleavage with formation of the corresponding 2-substituted 3-mercaptopropionic acids and their derivatives.

A number of new derivatives of 3-mercaptopropionic acid, cystamine, and cysteamine were synthesized, and their radiation protection properties were studied.

1. The conditions for the use of gas-liquid chromatography to analyze a large group of drug preparations were developed. The possibility of monitoring the composition of numerous drug mixtures by this method was demonstrated. 2. The values of the relative retainable volume were found for the investigated pharmaceutical preparations, and the Kovach indices of retention were determined for the first time. 3. In the analysis of drug preparations by the method of gas-liquid chromatography, it is more promising to use columns with liquid phases of increased polarity (for example, neopentyl glycol succinate).

The reaction of N,N-diethylethanesulfenamide with ethanesulfenyl chloride or with diethylamine hydrochloride leads to the formation of N,N-diethyl-β,β-bis(ethylthio)vinylamine, diethyl disulfide, anddiethyl trisulfide.

A study was made of the sources of insular tissue formation in the pancreas of albino rats during its restoration in conditions of different diet and changes of the thyroid hormone concentration. The reconstructing and proliferating acinus epithelium, the cells of small efferent ducts and acinus tissue of the remaining parts of the organ proved to be the source of the insular tissue formation. The process of the new insular tissue formation was the most intense in conditions of carbohydrate nutrition and thyroidization.

A study was made of the reaction and reconstructive regeneration of the insular tissue of albino rat pancreas with administration of low alloxan doses (five subcutaneous injections of 5% aqueous solution of alloxan −5 mg per 100 g body weight). Preliminary short-term administration of a low alloxan dose caused no destructive changes in the insular tissue of partially pancreatectomized animals; it activated the secretory function of the beta-cells, leading to the formation of new islets by transforming the acinar tissue into isletins.

Simple technological methods have been developed for growing low-winter-hardy blackberries in conditions of the central zone of Russia with the use of winter shelter and TUR retardant. The morphological diversity of blackberry cultivars creates certain difficulties in ensuring protection from winter frosts, especially in erected and semi-erected cultivars, since most gardeners consider it necessary to bend the shoots for the winter to the ground, which limits the choice of varieties and makes it problematic to use them in the Central Chernozem Zone. The studies were carried out with the use of the standard methodology of variety investigation. The experiments demonstrated that the successful overwintering of the most blackberry cultivars in conditions of the Orel region was possible without bending the shoots to the ground under the light shelter. In winters in 2014…2017 (with minimal temperatures -26⁰C and -29⁰C in January and -31⁰C in February) the covering of blackberries with Agrotex synthetic material with a density of 60 g /m2 in one layer, together with the 1,3-1,5 m trellis, ensured good safety of shoots and generative buds of most erect, trailing and semi-erect cultivars and genotypes. The temperature under the shelter was 4…5⁰C higher than outside. However, the standard width of the material (3.2 m) was not always sufficient for plants with elastic erect and semi-erect canes, which should be taken into account when forming plants. The triple treatment of representatives of the main morphological groups of blackberries with 0.1% solution of the retardant in the period of intensive growth at the beginning of vegetation significantly increased the winter hardiness of plants with trailing canes and prolonged growth. The impact of the retardant least affected the winter hardiness of the variety with erect canes and restrained growth. In the variant without shelter the retardant at applied concentration did not improve the winter hardiness of the plants.

The general method of obtainingβ-propiothiolactones that we have proposed previously has been used for the synthesis of a series of newα,α-diaryl-substitutedβ-propiothiolactones.

1. Hardness depends not only on the size of ferrite grains but also on the substructure. 2. When the blocks of the mosaic are fragmented the effect of the grain size on hardness decreases and may disappear completely when the size of the blocks is small. 3. The effect of the block structure can be explained by the stopping of the movement of dislocations within grains, and at interblock boundaries, vacancies, and dislocated atoms. When this effect is very strong the grain boundaries and the size of the grains have no effect.

1. A study was made of the reaction of fluoride ion with weak CH acids. 2. The dihydrate of tetraethylammonium fluoride cleaves a proton from phenylacetylene and acetonitrile with the generation of the corresponding carbanions.