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The ability of the sexual steroids to induce extragenital organ-effects is set in connection to the preovulatory decrease of x-chromatin frequency during the regular menstrual cycle as found by Schmidt and coll. [11]. Under modified techniques of investigation and exact criteria of selection, reproducibility of the results and the behaviour of the x-chromatin-frequency in the artificially controlled anovulatory cycle are checked. The absence of preovulatory decrease shows that a hormonal influence may be assumed.

A possible negative influence of anticonceptional steroids on various stages of reproduction is discussed. Theoretically an action of antifertility drugs on mutagenesis, the segmentation period, embryogenesis, foetogenesis or somatic and sexual development behaviour is conceivable. In accordance with the results reported by other authors, our own statistical data yield no increase in the frequency of infants with congenital malformations or with chromosomal anomalies. Nevertheless, careful prospective studies should be undertaken.

On the basis of our good experiences with the application of the spoon culture procedure in the quantitative bacteriological urine diagnostics, we tested the applicability of the plastic spoon in the diagnostics of vaginal mycoses. Our investigations show that the spoon culture procedure means an optimization and rationalization in mycological diagnostics due to omission of several stages of work and of the risks of transport, and due to improvement of diagnostic reliability and acceleration of the transmission of findings.

In 10 women serum FSH- and LH-concentrations (radioimmunoassay) were measured daily throughout a complete cycle. 2 patients exhibited untreated biphasic menstrual cycles. 2 women were under the treatment of a combined estrogen - progestagen preparation, 1 woman was taking a sequential preparation, and 5 patients were treated with a weekly dose of a recently developed depot - estrogen (ethinylestradiolsulfonate). While the untreated women showed typical serum FSH-and LH-patterns characteristic of the biphasic menstrual cycle, patients on combined therapy were found to have a continuous low FSH- and LH-level except in the postmenstrual phase of the cycle, in which the values were slightly elevated. Serum-FSH-concentration in the woman on the sequential preparation remained constant throughout the treatment peroid, while serum LH-pattern showed multiple peaks. In the same manner, serum LH-patterns in women on the weekly depot- estrogen regimen were characterized by nearly regularly appearing LH-peaks, which seemed to be correlated with the estrogen intake. The cause and clinical significance of these findings are discussed.

Ethinylestradiol sulfonate is a newly developed orally effective derivate of ethinylestradiol with depot properties produced by "Jenapharm"-GDR. This depot estrogen has been proved for its usefullness in treating menopausal syndrom. A modified Kupperman-index had been used to check the therapeutic results. The effects concerning the endometrium were examined in postmenopausal women that atrophic character of endometrium had been ensured before. Ethinylestradiol sulfonate was applicated in the following dosages: 0,015 mg/day; 0,25 mg/week; 0,5 mg/week; 1,0 mg/week; 3 mg/month. The treatment with 0,25 mg/week over a period of 4 up to 6 weeks proved to be possible and effective if we take into account the endometrial reaction and the danger of bleeding. After the removal of the uterus higher dosages can be given. Up to a dose of 1 mg/week there were not to be seen subjective side effects. Ethinylestradiol sulfonate was compared with other oral estrogens.

32 teeth with the diagnosis of periapical osteitis (established by clinical and radiological examinations) were subjected to endodontic treatment (irrigation with hydrogen peroxide), the course of which was followed by bacteriological examinations. The timing of treatment termination depended solely upon clinical evaluation. The examination of smears taken before the last irrigation showed that 26 of the 32 root canals (81%) were germ-free; in 2 cases, an anaerobic infection was still extant; and in 4 cases, an aerobic infection was observed. The high percentage of root canals which were germ-free before the last irrigation testifies to the efficiency of hydrogen peroxide application for disinfecting root canals on the one hand, and demonstrates the good agreement between clinical and bacteriological findings on the other hand. The germs identified belonged mainly to the normal oral flora. Enterococci proved to be particularly resistant. The conservative treatment of periapical osteitis by means of root-canal disinfection with a hydrogen peroxide preparation ans subsequent root-canal filling with a calcium peroxide paste is recommended.

The colpocytologic efficacy of a new estrogen - ethinylestradiolsulfonate - has been studied in postmenopausal and fertile women. According to the depot character of the compound, ranging between ethinylestradiol and quinestrol, it exhibits a high and prolonged proliferative effect on the atropich vaginal epithelia. The weekly application of 1 mg of the substance in a contraceptive regimen causes a high grade of maturation with considerable individual differences. A single dose of 1 mg ethinylestradiolsulfonate quickly influences conditions of estrogen difficiency in the vaginal epithelia.

56 healthy mothers were treated orally with an oestrogen (3 mg ethinyloestradiol-sulfonat) for inhibition of lactation. We found no effect on milk constituents (12 parameters). These results are discussed.

By means of isotope nephrograms of a total of 31 renally healthy pregnant women of the different thirds of pregnancy, the changes of renal function are investigated. The semiquantitative assessment is done according to zum Winkel. The results are discussed referring to the literature. The isotope nephrography proves to be a good screening test for the separate estimation of the function of both kidneys also in pregnancy.