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Sprinkler water distribution data were analyzed to show the distorting effect of wind on the distribution pattern. It was found that the drift loss was neglible, and that the wind did not have a significant direct effect on the evaporative water loss. The individual distribution patterns were then reconstructed to a state of no-loss, exhibiting the now isolated distortion effect. The reconstructed patterns were used to test computationally an intuitive design rule which states: To produce the best possible water distribution under the major constraints of a given sprinkling system, the centers-of-mass of the individual water distribution patterns (rather than the sprinklers themselves) should be equidistantly spaced in the field. Three design examples seeking optimal lateral direction, operation-shift timing, and distance between lateral working positions were worked out. The resulting designs were checked by means of a detailed superposition program and found to be very close to the optima.

application/pdf, Bulletin of University of Osaka Prefecture. Series A, Engineering and natural sciences. 1975, 24(1), p.45-60

An early increase in the phosphate incorporation in phosphatidylinositol (PI) was observed in CBA spleen suspensions only upon stimulation with the T cell mitogens phytohaemagglutinin and Concanavalin A. No specific increase in phosphatidylinositol phosphate turnover was found with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In nude cells neither PHA nor LPS had any effect on the phosphate incorporation in PI. Corticosteroid-resistant thymocytes stimulated with pokeweed mitogen showed a specific increase in PI phosphate incorporation in contrast to spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized, ALS-treated mice. It is concluded that B cells do not show an early increase in PI phosphate turnover and that different lymphocyte populations may show variations in their metabolic response towards a mitogenic stimulus.

Dependence of the phosphorescence emission of Platinum phthalocyanine single crystals around 971 nm on the magnetic field and on the incident laser intensity are investigated. The energy splitting of the spin sublevels of the lowest excited triplet state is about 8.5 cm -1 in zero field and about 12.4 cm -1 in the external magnetic field of 50 kG. The T–T (triplet-triplet) annihilation rate is estimated to be about 1×10 -2 cm 3 /sec and the magnetic field dependence of the T–T annihilation reveals that the | 0> spin component of the triplet exciton plays the most important role. The temperature dependence of the phosphorescence at the low temperature range is also studied.

The strain acting upon the belt was measured by means of detecting the electrical signal from the strain gauge, contacting with the serrated contact wheel, pasted on the inside belt as mentioned in the 1st report. It was found that as the gauge located on the land of serrated contact wheel, the strain values had been able to evaluate the grinding ability caused by the different surface velocity and the hardness of the serrated contact wheel. In this paper, the ratio of the effective depth of cut to setting depth of cut Z is used to explain the relation between belt tension P acting in grinding as an example. The main results are as follows.(1) In the various surface profiles and the surface velocities of the serrated contact wheels, P is nearly increased in linear proportion to Z but each tendency is defferent quantitatively.(2) The relation between P and Z is affected very much with the spring constant because of the relation between the belt tension P' assumed having same spring constant considered various rubber hardnesses and surface profiles of the serrated contact wheels and Z has nearly one proportion.

The excitation curves for the reactions of deuteron and 3He-particle on neon to give 18F and the thick target yield of 18F for the reaction of triton on oxygen were measured up to the deuteron and triton energies of 24 MeV and the 3He-particle energy of 42 MeV. These three reactions, together with the reactions of 3He- and α-particle on oxygen, were then compared with a view to the practical production of 18F in various useful states. The 3He-bombardment of a target system consisting of neon and water separated by a thin foil has proved to provide, simultaneously, anhydrous 18F and aqueous 18F, both in good yields. The triton bombardment can be regarded as the most valuable method for the activation analysis of trace oxygen.

The effects of various long-chain fatty acids supplied in the culture medium on fatty acid composition in a strain of Staphylococcus aureus (SA-36) and its stable L-form variant (SL-36) are described. L-form variant SL-36 did not grow on a medium supplemented with oleic acid or linoleic acid. Neither L-form nor bacterial parent grew in media supplemented with palmitoleic acid. Gas-liquid chromatography profiles were obtained on isolated cell fractions by thin-layer chromatography after the microorganisms had been cultivated in each experimental medium. Analysis of fatty acids derived from bacterial strain SA-36 showed that the major fatty acid peaks reflected the particular fatty acids used as supplements. SA-36 incorporated heptadecanoic, oleic, and linoleic acids although none of these is normally encountered in this microorganism after cultivation in conventional media. In contrast to the bacterial parent, fatty acids appearing in isolates of L-form SL-36 after growth in each experimental medium were found to be semi-independent of fatty acid supplementation. Additionally, SL-36 incorporated heptadecanoic acid, although this fatty acid was not detectable when SL-36 was grown in unsupplemented media. Tuberculostearic acid was detected uniquely in the L-form following cultivation in diverse experimental media.

application/pdf, Bulletin of University of Osaka Prefecture. Series A, Engineering and natural sciences. 1975, 24(1), p.61-74

Principal characteristics are investigated which govern the changing process of the surface forms of upper and lower workpieces in the lapping. It is shown that the process simulated on a digital computer coincides qualitatively to a good extent with the one obtained experimentally and also shown that the factors governing the process are divided into the following two characteristics:(1) The inherent property in the lapping method.(2) The property due to interaction between the surface forms of upper and lower workpieces.Moreover, based on the above factors, it is proposed that the process can be satisfactorily described by a linear vector differential equation.

1. 1. The dependence of the induction of the early increased rate of aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) transport on cell metabolism has been studied in rat lymphocytes stimulated by Concanavalin A (ConA). 2. 2. Inhibitors of energy generation such as dinitrophenol, KCN, NaF, oligomycin, and iodoacetate strongly inhibit the increase in the rate of AIB transport. The binding of 125 I-labelled ConA to the rat lymphocyte is not affected by inhibitors of energy metabolism. 3. 3. Cycloheximide and puromycin strongly inhibit the early increase in the rate of AIB transport. Incubation with cycloheximide for a period of up to 150 min does not inhibit the rate of AIB transport in resting lymphocytes or the rate of AIB transport in already stimulated lymphocytes. 4. 4. Actinomycin D and mitomycin have no effect on the early increase in the rate of AIB transport. In the absence of an increase in RNA and DNA synthesis, half of the maximum stimulation of AIB transport and protein synthesis is obtained. 5. 5. It is concluded that the early increase in AIB transport is not caused by a simple interaction of ConA with the lymphocyte membrane. It requires participation of energy metabolism and protein synthesis but not of RNA or DNA synthesis.

Atactic polypropylene was oxidized in solution with radical initiator in the absence and presence of metal catalyst to considerably high conversion over the temperature range of 70° to 125°C, and oxidation products and the change in molecular weight distribution were measured. The unoxidized polypropylene had no ultraviolet absorption at 253.7 nm, whereas the oxidized polypropylene showed distinct absorption over a wide range of molecular weights. It was found that oxygen was incorporated into the polymer chain as hydroperoxide, acid, carbonyl, and hydroxy groups. Much of the absorbed oxygen was found to be involved in smaller fraction of low molecular weight products. Although the average molecular weight of the oxidized polypropylene decreased significantly, the formation of low-boiling products was quite small.

The problem was to evaluate the possibility of reducing the evapotranspiration of an irrigated field by increasing its reflectivity to incoming radiation. A numerical computation approach was used to solve the differential equations governing the transfer phenomena in a horizontally homogeneous atmospheric boundary layer and underlying soil. A few preliminary tests showed that although wind velocities were not accurately predicted, the effect of such inaccuracies on the energy budget results was not significant. Comparisons of calculated results for fields with natural albedo (0.25) and fields with albedo artificially increased to 0.40, indicated the following: 1. ( 1 ) Under a clear sky, the relative reduction in net radiation due to the treatment, was about 30%, as compared with only 20% reduction in the solar radiation absorbed at the surface. 2. ( 2 ) The major factors affecting the saving of water were the albedo and the wetness of the surface. Wind, surface roughness and thermal stratification were of only secondary importance. 3. ( 3 ) The savings in water due to the treatment were calculated to be roughly 30% for all wetness conditions.

There is a difficulty in the mass-production of miniature ball bearings for clocks, watches and the other many meters, owing to much working accuracy and working method.Hence, in order to simplify the lapping process of the ball and to decrease the consumption of the filing plate, the ball blank of diametral length which was cut from suitable pianowire was fine-lapped after being rough-finished by special electro-polishing. And as to the simplification of shaping of the race, the race blank with a fit outer-screw and a shaping hole which was drilled and spherical-reamered was fine-finished by oscillation-lapping usingspherical cast-iron lap. In that case our miniature ball bearing was of C-type and with no-cage, and it was compared to a radial ball bearing as to the working accuracy by using the contour measuring projector, Metal microscope and optical surface measuring machine. Furthermore we compared our bearing to a pivot bearing regarding the static friction or dynamic solid and fluid friction measured by the damped vibrating method using the balancing wheel and spring, and found that our miniature ball bearing was better than a pivot bearing.

After discussing certain technical aspects of the centrifugal drum spinning method, we provide the information on the Toyobo's air-vortex spinning system which we call AS spinner and some important properties of its spun yarn.The results indicate that the yarn spun by the drum has much better characteristics with respect to the yarn-irregularity than the ordinary ringspun yarn, but the quality of the yarn spun by our AS spinner is somewhat inferior to the ring-spun yarn.The Toyobo's air-vorter spinning system which has not any mechanically rotating parts has various features in high productivity, easy piecing of yarns and simple structural mechanism.Its delivery speed in common use is 60 m/min and the range of the drafting ratio with our spinner is as wide as 0.8 to 2.7.

オープンロールを使用してSBRの素練りを行なったところ, SBRの平均分子量Mは薄通しによる素練り回数Nと次のような近似的関係にあり,M=(M0-M∞)e-αN+M∞Mは素練り条件やポリマーの種類によって決まる一定値 M∞ に収歛することがわかった.次に各素練り状態の異なった試料をムーニー試験機によってテストしたところ, えられたデータは本文中の式(2), (3)および(4)によってその時間的変化が記述されることがわかり, その分子量依存性も近似的に本文中の式(5), (6), (7), (8)および(9)によって記述できることがわかった. これは未素練り SBR における分子量依存性と全く同じ関係になっているので, SBR の素練り過程はその平均分子量を知ることによってすべて明らかにされることがわかった.

application/pdf, Bulletin of University of Osaka Prefecture. Series A, Engineering and natural sciences. 1973, 21(2), p.175-186

The catalytic properties of crude sweet potato peroxidase preparation was investigated in comparison with those of horseradish peroxidase.Sulfite, indoleacetate and oxaloacetate were oxidatively catalyzed with both enzymes, in the presence of Mn++ and a monophenol, such as 2, 4-dichlorophenol. Sulfite oxidative activity in crude sweet potato peroxidase preparation was different from that of horseradish peroxidase.When sweet potato tissue slices were incubated in ethylene (10ppm) containing air, both peroxidase and oxidase activities increased in the slices, and the ratio of oxidative activity to peroxidative activity was found to be gradually increased 24 hours after incubation.

application/pdf, Bulletin of University of Osaka Prefecture. Series A, Engineering and natural sciences. 1964, 12(2), p.145-151

In this paper, it is proposed how to calculate the metal surface property values during ultrasonic hammering, which has a lot of merits as the method of giving the plastic deformation of the metal surface, by the depth for the indentation and others in this working. Then the behaviours of the deformation of the metal surface during the hammering is examined.The main results are as follows:1. The surface stiffness and the rate of the elastic recovery can be calculated by the two arbitrary values from among those of the depth of the indentation, the contact time and the stationary load produced by the hammering on the metal surface with the vibrating tool.2. The applicability of this calculating method is confirmed by the comparison between the calculated values of the depth of the indentation and the experimental results.3. The depth of the indentation is affected by the repetition of the hammering on the same region of the surface. In the case of copper, the amount of the depth of the indentation increases a little by this repetition but in the case of S 15 C steel, hardly increases.4. In the case of the low movement speed of hammering point, the nominal surface stiffness and the rate of the elastic recovery during working correspond with those given by the static and repeated indenting test.

The drainage pattern and surface storage capacity of cultivated fields can be simulated by means of a model in which furrows and random roughness are superimposed over the general topography of the field. Calculations with such a model show that the surface storage capacity increases with the depth of contour furrows and with the roughness, and decreases with increasing slope. The rate of convergence of the flow along the slope increases with increasing depth of furrows and decreases with increasing slope. The effect of roughness is such that there seems to exist a limit to the rate of convergence for increasingly rough surfaces. The model can be used as an aid in surface drainage design, but must first be checked in the field to establish relationships between measurable quantities of the actual topography and the values of the parameters of the model.

Effects of foriT ed and pre-mixed water on the dehydratioN rate of ethanol over alumina at 250 C dil l adso ption of water and ethan 1 n the catalyst near the reace perature were.No appreciable.ethylene is.produced at 250 C. The rate of production of ether inereased with .lpc uantitatively in Fig 7and the maxi-m f the catalytic activity isIn yiew .gfA.these.characte; istics, the 1eaction scheme was assumed as in Table 6 and the rate