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A control stick with a built-in tactile aiding device was tested in a simulated car-following situation. The tactile device gave the driver of a following car information—headway and relative velocity—concerning the state of a lead car. Experimental results (relative velocity and headway variance) with the simulator were compared with those obtained using conventional automobile controls in a similar situation. Sizeable reductions in these quantities, 55 and 85 percent, respectively, were obtained when the tactile display was partially quickened. Some evidence indicated that the driver behaved as an amplifier when using such a display.

(1967). Touch Displays: A Programmed Man-Machine Interface. Ergonomics: Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 271-277.

The automated instruction as developing CAI are reviewed from such a standpoints as man-machine interface and the direction of CAI research and development are suggested conceptually. Man-machine ineterface are divided into four main problems, namely, interface logic, interface language, interface device and interface space design. In the former two problems known as software are most important in the design of adaptive, optimal and intelligent CAI system. The author suggested that the logic itself must become the artificial intelligence teacher in near future. The later two problems mean the hardware including machine and structure of architechure to set up CAI system. which should be considered human factors.

The control system for the Clinton P. Anderson Meson Physics Facility (LANPF) is organized around an on-line digital computer. Accelerator operations are conducted from the Central Control Room (CCR) where two identical but independent operator consoles provide the man-machine interface. This paper traces the evolution of the man-machine interface from the initial concepts of a computer control system. Special emphasis is given to the human factors which influenced the development. The way in which an operator interacts with the system is illustrated by a description of an accelerator operating sequence.

The geologist who ploys his skills for his own or his company’s profit traditionally has viewed computers with suspicion. This is the natural result of a linguistic barrier between man and machine. The petroleum geologist, for example, speaks in terms of structural traps, faults, and pinchouts while the computer speaks only in terms of bits which are either on (1) or off (0).

Variational methods of approximation have become very popular in recent years among engineers and numerical analysts. In particular, the finite element method has established itself as one of the most powerful techniques available for the approximate solution of boundary-value problems. In the present paper, we outline a number of mathematical properties of the method which are partially responsible for its success; we discuss certain error estimates and convergence results, and we describe some results obtained in applications of the method to a class of nonlinear problems in elastodynamics.

An overview is presented of the design and evaluation of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) for hearing-impaired, or 'deaf', students undertaken by the Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences (IMSSS) at Stanford University. In 1972-73, curriculums developed by the Institute were used by more than 2,000 students in 14 elementary and secondary schools for the deaf in California, Oklahoma, Texas, Florida, and the District of Columbia. These curriculums were presented by the IMSSS computer system which used dedicated telephone lines to communicate with CAI terminals in the participating schools.

Although contemporary research efforts in prostheses and ortheses have yet to have much general impact on the rehabilitation of humans with neuromuscular-skeletal defects, some research results and, to a much lesser extent, clinical applications of advanced concepts and techniques have progressed to the point where an overall codification of the field is possible. An attempt to assess the advantages and liabilities of different approaches may prove useful.

A longstanding interest in the Office of Computing Activities, National Science Foundation, in the impact of computers on society has, over the past two years, evolved rapidly into a new administrative unit, the Computer Impact on Society Section in OCA. This nebulous area has already been given form through a set of funded grant proposals. Some expected future directions of growth for the program are discussed.

New challenges for the computer professional will result from efforts to apply computers in the service of man. The computer expert may find himself functioning in an alien subculture in which his relationship to members of the organization involved becomes as important as the technical task of systems design. This paper presents a descriptive model of the process of systems development in an unfamiliar environment. The model includes four stages: stimulus, development, implementation and operation. Application of the model is demonstrated by an example of systems design for the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee.

The control of the Central Electricity Generating Board's power system represents a good example of how computers can be used to collect available data for presentation to the operator and present him with a flexible aid for control calculations.