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This report covers Program IMPACT, Community Service and Continuing Education, from July 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973 (a period of 62 percent increased funding for Tennessee), and provides information on project activity, completed projects, program administration, and program evaluation. Varied efforts by colleges and universities utilized their unique resources to assist in the solution of priority community problems through continuing education for adults. Completed projects described include: Seminars in Community Problems, Technical Assistance in Housing, Community Leadership Development for Community Action Agencies, Consumer Education, Comprehensive Consumer Education Program, Seminars in Legal Rights for Low-Income Community Leaders, Development of Statewide Governmental Training, Private Higher Education Approach to Community Services, Technical Assistance to Tennessee Cities, Tennessee Statewide Consumer Education Program, and Improving Leadership Skills in the Inner City. Major program support went to the second year programing activities for the Statewide Consumer Education Project. Other significant cooperative efforts were the Statewide Local Governmental Training System and Staff Assistance to Public Community Colleges. Included is a summary by Congressional District of all programs funded under Title I since its inception in fiscal year 1966. (Author/EA)

Identifying and defining Ohio's migrant population, the document also seeks to destroy many of the myths that exist about migrant workers. The survey, made in September 1972, found that 90% of the state's 35,000 workers were Spanish speaking. The document also gives information on migrant recruitment, crew leaders, income, housing, crops, religion, bilingualism, health, Mexican immigrants, and the migrant's contributions to the economy. Ten misconceptions about migrant life are corrected, such as beliefs that "migrants are carefree and like to travel" and "migrants are adequately protected by state and Federal labor laws". (KM)

Since the school boycott at the on-reservation St. Regis elementary school in 1968, the Mohawk Indians have made major strides toward achieving greater educational opportunity, cultural awareness, and community self-determination. Under the leadership provided by the chiefs and the 3 elected committees--education, housing, and library culture center--a number of programs have been initiated which have served to improve the quality of life on the reservation and open new opportunities for Mohawks. Beginning with the library project the Mohawks have attempted to bridge the barrier to tribal unity created by the international border (United States and Canada) that divides tribal lands. Planned programs in education, health, and economic development are aimed at further reducing this artificial division of the Mohawk community. There exists a growing sense of pride in the community by virtue of the accomplishments achieved over the past 6 years (1968-74). The presence of the cultural center and the initiation of mohawk language and cultural-history courses in the schools has contributed substantially to increasing Mohawk tribal identity and self-awareness. The sense of unity and community strength which developed out of the school boycott has enabled the Mohawks to begin the long road to regaining control of their community. Membership on the school board and voting rights in school elections have made the school districts more responsive to Mohawk needs. (FF)

This is the fifth in a series of statistical reports about the social and economic conditions of the black population in the United States. Included here are the most current data available on selected areas of major interest. The majority of the statistics in this report are from the Bureau of the Census, but some are from other government and private agencies. The 1970 data from the Census Bureau are from the 1970 Census of Population and Housing and Current Population Surveys. Families and unrelated individuals are classified as being above or below the low-income level, using the poverty index adopted by a Federal Interagency Committee in 1969. This index centers around the Department of Agriculture's Economy Food Plan and reflects the differing consumption requirements of families based on their size and composition, sex and age of the family head, and farm-nonfarm residence. The low-income cutoffs for farm families have been set at 85 percent of the nonfarm levels. These cutoffs are updated every year to reflect the changes in the Consumer Price Index. Data for standard metropolitan statistical areas, except where noted, are defined as of 1960. The standard Census definition is used for the four regions within the country. (Author/JM)

BASED UPON THE FINDINGS OF A RURAL EDUCATION AND WELFARE SURVEY OF MORE THAN 900 SUGARCANE WORKERS IN THE NINE LOUISIANA COUNTIES WHERE SUGARCANE CULTIVATION IS CONCENTRATED, THIS DOCUMENT TELLS OF THE LIVES OF THE WORKERS AND EXPLAINS THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL "SUGAR SYSTEM" UNDER WHICH THEY LIVE. DISCUSSED ARE THE EFFECTS OF MECHANIZATION OF THE SUGAR INDUSTRY, WORKERS' WAGES, THE WORKERS' HOUSING, LIVING, AND WORKING CONDITIONS, THE HISTORY OF THE SUGAR INDUSTRY IN LOUISIANA, LEGISLATION PERTAINING TO THE LOUISIANA, NATIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL SUGAR INDUSTRIES, UNIONIZATION FOR SUGAR WORKERS, A MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING ACT PROGRAM, AND THE FUTURE OF SUGARCANE WORKERS. THE DOCUMENT INCLUDES THE SURVEY FORM WITH A QUESTION-BY-QUESTION SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS. (RB)

The papers in this document represent statements prepared by scholars involved in various stages of 4 multi-state regional research projects on rural community services and presented at a 1971 national workshop on research problems in delivery of community services. The 2 major foci of these papers are (1) problems of measurement and assessment of adequacy of community services and (2) organization of service delivery systems. The 8 papers included are Problems of Measurement and Assessment of the Adequacy of Community Services: A Naive Viewpoint; Adequacy of Community Services: A Measurement Problem; Theoretical Concerns in the Measurement of Adequacy of Community Services and How to Assess Them in the Rural Areas; Rural Development and the Quality of Life in the Rural South: Concepts and Indicators in the S-79 Regional Project; Some Methodological Considerations for Rural Community Services Research; Organization of Public Service Delivery Systems for Rural Areas; Some Relevant Concerns and Issues in Research on Personal Health Delivery Systems with Special Emphasis on Nonmetropolitan Areas; and, Housing Quality: Measurement and Assessment. (PS)

The civil rights of American Indians, guaranteed by the Federal Constitution and the 1968 Indian Bill of Rights, are discussed in this handbook. The 3 kinds of rights discussed are (1) the freedom of religion, speech, press, and assembly; (2) the right to due process of law; and (3) the guarantee of equal protection under the laws, or freedom from discrimination. A directory of information on filing complaints is also presented, along with a listing (by states) of legal services programs of importance to Indians. (PS)

Population trends in the 1960's and early 1970's are examined in this 1972 speech in terms of overall national trends, the growth of metropolitan areas, the rural population, geographic shifts, internal migration, the black population, and living arrangements. It is noted that population growth in the 1960's was unevenly distributed within age groups and also unevenly distributed geographically. Some rural-urban differences are also discussed: urbanization of the blacks continued at a rapid rate; rural population declined; and, although migration was an important element in the differential growth rates of states and of areas within the states, in most areas the bulk of the increase was due to the excess of births over deaths. A major conclusion is that continued population growth, though at a lower rate than in the recent past, is indicated. (PS)

The distribution of Federal outlays within the United States in fiscal year 1970 is summarized in this report. Selected Federal programs (242 programs comprising 74.4% of all Federal outlays) were divided into 4 program categories: human resource development; community development; agriculture and natural resources, and Defense, the National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA), and the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). The counties affected by these programs were divided into 6 categories on the basis of population density and the percentage of urban population. Major conclusions of this initial study were that (1) nonmetropolitan residents do not share proportionately in the distribution of outlays of many Federal programs; (2) Federal outlays for Defense, NASA, and AEC far overshadow outlays for the other program categories and heavily favor the larger, higher income urban areas; (3) programs narrow in scope and limited in objective are failing to meet this country's development needs effectively; and (4) Federal outlays for agriculture and natural resources tend to be concentrated in nonmetropolitan counties with pronounced population declines but comparatively high per-capita incomes. Related documents are ED 050 874 (Part 1) and ED 056 799 (Part 2). (PS)

A CONFERENCE WAS HELD DEALING WITH RESEARCH ON THE SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS IN DORMITORY LIFE. THE OBJECTIVES WERE TO INFORM, DEFINE, MOTIVATE, AND EVALUATE EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND PROBLEMS IN RESIDENCE HALLS EXPERIENCE. IT WAS FELT THAT ONE OF THE BARRIERS TO THE DESIRED RESEARCH ON THE PART OF STUDENT PERSONNEL OFFICERS WAS A LACK OF BOTH AWARENESS OF THE CAPACITY OF SUCH RESEARCH TO ARRIVE AT MEANINGFUL CONCLUSIONS, AND ALSO THE FEASIBILITY OF PRESENTLY AVAILABLE APPROACHES IN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, IN MEASUREMENT, AND IN EVALUATION OF THE OUTCOMES. WORKING PAPERS, SEMINARS, AND TASK GROUPS AGREED THAT THE RESIDENCE HALLS RECOMMENDED THEMSELVES METHODOLOGICALLY TO THE SOCIAL SCIENTISTS AS A SCENE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH. (GD)

In the summer of 1967, a program was initiated to recruit and train a group of residents of the Bedford-Stuyvesant area in Brooklyn in the processes of data collection and the formulation of community plans. The Center for Urban Education was contracted by the Bedford-Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation to implement this program. At the completion of the first phase, forty trainees were chosen for continued training as paraprofessional community organizer-planners, with particular emphasis on the area of housing renewal and redevelopment. After graduation, trainees work with the Corporation and other local agencies interested in planning and planned change. This report outlines the nature of this program, methodology employed, and curriculum used, which included lectures, intergroup interactions, and field trips, as well as an appendix of samples of student work, program evaluation guides, and a history of Bedford-Stuyvesant. (Author/SB)

In 1967 the National Advisory Commission on Rural Poverty made a comprehensive study and appraisal of the economic situations and trends in American rural life; evaluated the means by which existing programs, policies, and activities relating to rural people might be coordinated or redirected; and developed recommendations for action by government at the local, state, or Federal level or by private enterprise as to the means of providing opportunities for the rural population. This report, 4 years later, describes the extent to which those recommendations have been implemented. The Economic Research Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture conducted an investigation to determine what action, if any, had been taken to carry out the Commission's recommendations in the areas of creating a favorable economic environment; establishing national manpower policies and programs; improving rural education, health and medical care, family planning programs, welfare services, and rural housing; establishing area and regional development districts; fostering community organization; conserving and developing natural resources; adjusting production in agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and mining; and assisting in developing more effective government for rural opportunity. A related document is ED 016 543. (PS)

This study was designed to discover the attitudes that distinguish apartment-dwelling students from dormitory residents at Indiana University. The study appears to support the following conclusions. Apartment dwellers see independence as a major factor in their choice of residence. They also believe that apartments are more convenient than dormitories and less expensive. Further, apartment occupants appeared not to have adapted to dormitory residence as a "home." On the other hand, dormitory dwellers are less concerned about independence, are less pressed by the restrictions imposed by dormitory regulations, do not see apartments as convenient, and have adapted to dormitories on a "home" basis. While the press for independence appeared more conspicuously in apartment occupants, detachment more often characterized dormitory residents. It therefore may be useful for the University (a) to consider on-campus housing arrangements that could accommodate students' emerging independence, and (b) to ferret out the detached student and enlist his greater involvement in the University scene. (Author/HS)

Various phases of rural development in the United States are examined using graphs and tables which provide such statistics as the urban-rural total population, migration status by race, farm population and outmigration, nonfarm nonmetropolitan growth rate, per capita personal income, earnings by industrial source, earnings by occupational group, poverty incidence by place of residence, number of substandard housing units, per capita expenditures for health services, and educational levels. Narrative statements emphasizing rural-urban differences accompany most of the graphs and tables. (LS)

Intended to assist the producer in meeting the housing regulations of Federal, state, and local governments for migratory workers and thereby to attract better labor through adequate housing, this agricultural handbook contains discussions of the migrant-labor situation; regulations and standards; general housing considerations (i.e., length of occupancy, farm-based or central camps, rental charges, constraints to housing improvements); specific housing considerations (i.e., housing site, water supply, excreta and liquid-waste disposal, essentials for good housing, housing space and arrangements [space, separate sleeping facilities, individual family units, sleeping and central-facilities combination, a motel-type housing unit, and trailers]); choice of materials and construction methods in terms of floors, floor coverings, walls and partitions, roofs, roofing, painting; lighting; ventilation and screening; heating; toilet facilities (flush toilets, septic privies, chemical toilets, pit-type privies [traditional type]); facilities for bathing, laundering, and hand washing; cooking and eating facilities (individual units, communal cooking and eating, and central mess facilities); garbage and other refuse disposal; insect and rodent control; fire, safety, and first aid; health units and sanitation; child-care centers; recreation; landscaping, camp layout and roads; management; financing; and investment and operation costs. Included are 5 tables and 50 figures. (MJB)

Characteristics of housing units and of their occupants in a 125-county area of the Ozarks were examined in this 1966 study set up to determine how selected physical characteristics of housing units affect the adequacy of rural housing in the Ozarks and to assess personal characteristics of the occupants that may influence the quality of housing the family will occupy. Housing of 1,413 respondents (household heads) was categorized as having complete plumbing, partial plumbing, or no plumbing. Several variables were then defined for each type of housing, and cross-tabulation with chi-square tests for statistical significance was used for analysis. Variables selected for regression analysis included current value of house and land, educational attainment of household head, and net family income for a single year. Major findings of the survey were that (1) the quality of rural housing was significantly related to household incomes; (2) the level of formal education of the household head and of the wife, and the type of employment of the household head, were significantly related to housing quality; (3) age and sex of the household head were not significantly related to housing quality; (4) there was a significantly high correlation between the market value of house and land and quality of housing; (5) farm housing was about the same quality as rural nonfarm housing; (6) renters did not occupy significantly poorer housing than did owners; and (7) of the households with incomes that placed them in the seriously deprived class, 63% lived in substandard housing. (PS)

The objective of the Migrant Action Program (MAP) in Iowa is to assist the migrant and seasonal farm workers and their families. This 1971 annual report cntains a description of the program goals and activities, including the Manpower Project, children's programs, day care, vehicle purchase and use, the health program, and emergency food assistance. As an aid to identifying the migrant, some migrant characteristics are listed: mobility, poverty, and low level of educational attainment. Also included in this publication are a staff training report, a financial report, and a staff evaluation of the MAP. Lists of directors and staff are appended. (PS)

In this article, the author advocates co-educational residence halls for college/university campuses. He argues that this living arrangement is more natural and promotes the fullest possible development of the individual through meaningful relationships with the same and opposite sex; it helps to teach the residents personal and social integration and to solidify sexual identity. The author discusses the meaning of co-ed arrangements, how single sex buildings can be adapted and to whom (and why) co-ed living should be offered. The multiple advantages for student and housing administrators of co-ed living are listed. It is mentioned that the issue posed in pursuing the subject of co-ed housing is related to the extent to which colleges can come to grips explicitly with sexual behavior as it relates to "residential education." In summary, the author states that he is advocating, based on student developmental needs, co-educational living as a vital component of residential education. (Author)

The Urban Internship Program has been established to recruit and train above average graduate and undergraduate students to fill program leadership positions in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The program provides orientation to major HUD programs to integrate the intern into the work force quickly and effectively and accelerate his professional development. This guide describes the training process, trainee selection, sponsor selection and function, training committees, and trainee responsibilities. Training plan and evaluation forms are appended. (BH)

Three hundred and nine citations of books, reports, and articles dating from 1964 to 1971 are included in this annotated bibliography, intended as a selection tool for concerned citizens, architects, builders, and city planners emphasizing the environment of American cities and communities. It is topically arranged into sixteen broad sections with author entries to provide complete bibliographic information. Topics are: general background, architecture and urban design, community facilities, ecology, environmental quality, environmental planning, housing, land use, mental and physical health, noise, pollution, population pressures; recreation, technology: present and future; transportation and highways, and working conditions. A bibliography of bibliographies is listed at the end of each subject to further enable users to pursue their particular interests. Selected films, periodicals, and organizations are included as supplementary sources of information and guidance. An author index is also included. (SJM)

Economic and demographic shifts in Appalachia show that overall conditions in the region are improving. This July 1972 economic report presents major changes in Southern Appalachia, Central Appalachia, Highlands Appalachia, and Northern Appalachia. The report includes (1) a summary of the previous year's economic report covering employment from 1965 to 1969, income from 1965 to 1968, and population growth over the 1960s; (2) a description and analysis of the most recent available trends in employment, work force, and unemployment (1969-70); (3) a discussion of the 1971 trends in Appalachia's 16 major labor market areas; (4) recent developments in income sources and growth (1968-69) and shifts in poverty in Appalachia over the 1960s; (5) a comparison of migration patterns in 1960-65 and 1965-70; and (6) a brief discussion of the quantity and quality of housing in Appalachia (based on 1970 census data). The analyses of income, employment, and migration do not cover the same years, owing to the varying availability of data. A list of the counties in the 4 regions of Appalachia is appended. The report contains tables and graphs of data. (NQ)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate programs of the Department of Housing and Urban Development and other specified Federal agencies regarding their responsiveness to the problems and needs of small communities. A major objective was to define a "small" community and to determine how its problems and needs differ from those of a large community. (Each of the 36 communities included in the study had a population of 50,000 or less.) A methodology was established through which the study team could identify and analyze the needs and problems of small communities in a context which is meaningful for an evaluation of Federal program assistance. A small community profile (SCP), appendix A, was designed to provide information on the governmental, economic, physical, and social characteristics of the community and to serve as a methodology whereby such information could be obtained and analyzed concurrently and subsequently by professional staff having familiarity with Federal programs. The SCP and the community study methodology covered 3 types of information: (1) information and data in the "real" characteristics of the community; (2) information on community capabilities; and (3) information on problems as perceived by the community. Twenty-three recommendations for strengthening community programs were put forth, and the SCP and study methodology were recommended for use in the analysis of other communities. (LS)

Legal aspects and implications affecting college and university housing administration are unpredictable, unsettled, and subject to change. The complete practical guide to the everyday legal answers for campus housing simply does not exist. This document presents some specific legal considerations involved in housing that may affect the management roles of housing officers. The topics are discussed by a recent graduate of the Tulane Law School who was a student member of the Housing Office staff, and a junior in the Tulane Law School who is a student advisor in housing. The specific areas covered are: (1) the validity of a housing contract signed by a minor; (2) legal responsibility of student staff for acts of negligence; (3) legal responsibility for storage of students' belongings; (4) search and seizure in residence halls; (5) curfews in women's dormitories; (6) responsibility for unauthorized visitors and casual travelers in campus residence halls; and (7) responsibility for theft of personal property in campus housing. (HS)

Three years ago a Commission on Civil Disorder was appointed by former Mayor Ilus W. Davis to study the disturbance that occurred in Kansas City during the week of April 8, 1968. The Final Report of that Commission contained numerous recommendations for "the prevention of this type of disorder and for the establishment of harmonious relations among the people of the city." Among those recommendations was the suggestion that a Task Force be appointed to consider priorities, to consider means of implementation and to report on progress. On February 26, 1969 the Commission on Human Relations was designated by the Mayor as the Task Force to follow-up on the recommendations of the Civil Disorder Report. This report--two years after the Interim Report, three years after the Civil Disorder Report--has been undertaken for two purposes. First, a sufficient period of time has elapsed to allow for most of the policy and program changes originally recommended to have been implemented. Secondly, the recently elected officials of the city government have expressed a need for examining the current status of social conditions in Kansas City in order to explore approaches to further improving those conditions. (Author/JM)

The report is a comparison of the economic, housing, and educational status of Latin Americans and Anglos based on the 1970 U.S. Census. This report provides factual data to organizations and institutions in need of it. This includes firms adopting affirmative action employment programs, private and public institutions, and social agencies which need such documentation to support funding applications. Another purpose of the report is to further motivate the social conscience of the community to reduce inequalities between Latin and Anglo and to promote integration and reconciliation. The report is presented in a question and answer form. The 22 questions cover such areas as: (1) What percent of Holland, Michigan, residents in the labor force speak Spanish? (2) Is Holland an integrated community? (3) How does the average income of Latin families contrast with that of the entire community? (4) Does the typical value of homes owned by Latin families differ much from the estimated value of the average owner in Holland? (5) Are there differences in the formal education of Latin Americans and Anglos in Holland? (FF)