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SCF calculations using an extended basis set were carried out for linear configurations of the system O-H-O3− with OO distances R = 2.87, 2.73, 2.62 and 2.52 A. and variable OH distance r. SCF total energies, electron density charts and potential functions axe discussed. The potential function exhibits a single minimum for R ⪕ 2.52 A and has two minima for R > 2.6 A in close agreement with recent empirical findings about potential functions of H bonds. Using crystal field calculations for a point charge model, the potential functions of the proton between oxygen ion pairs in various sites of the α-Al2O3 structure axe calculated and used for numerical determination of energy levels and transition frequencies of the linear vibrational mode of the OHOṫ-:α-Al2O3 system. Comparison with observed IR absorption bands of α-Al2O3:Fe2+,H+ (R = 2.87 A) and α-Al2O3:Co2+,H+ (R = 2.73 A) yields qualitative agreement of transition frequency. Satisfactory, interpretation of the widely varying line width of the ν(OH) band of OHO3−in different sites may be given in terms of anharmonicity, but the existence of several bands remains unexplained.

An informal study was conducted to demonstrate the prevalence and relationship to specific background variables of prevailing superstitions. A questionnaire containing 24 superstitious beliefs or practices was independently completed by 132 adults. Each superstition was rated as to whether it had strong, partial, or no influence for the individual, and a total score was obtained. The highest possible score was 48, and the range found in the sample was 0 to 46. The mean total superstition score for women was higher than for men, the difference being statistically significant ( p.05). A moderately substantial negative correlation ( p.01) was found between superstitious belief and amount of formal education. It is suggested that, particularly in current times, the sense of control inherent in superstitious belief and practice has a therapeutic value in the reduction of anxiety. This value may account for the survival of common superstitions in spite of centuries of advance in scientific knowledge.

Summary Results of the nondestructive determination of titanium, chromium, manganese and iron in concentrations below 700 p.p.m. in synthetic sapphire by neutron activation analysis and electron microprobe are reported. It is shown that the results of the two methods are well correlated for Ti, Cr and Mn. For iron, considerable discrepancies between the two methods were observed. The accuracy of the trace determination by both methods amounts to ca. 6 % r.m.s. deviation.

Bleomycin, a new antibiotic antineoplastic agent, has undergone extensive clinical trial. Data from 1,174 patients were reviewed and summarized by cell type. The most commonly used dose schedule was 15 mg/m2 twice a week intravenously. Significant response rates were achieved in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of various anatomical sites, lymphomas, and testicular carcinoma. Most responses were of 1 to 2 months' duration. Drug toxicities included significant skin and pulmonary complications and some degree of drug-induced pyrexia and nausea with vomiting. Rare insignificant bone marrow depression was encountered. The limitations of a retrospective clinical review of this type using uncontrolled pooled data from various patient populations were discussed. In conclusion, however, bleomycin appeared to be useful in the treatment of patients with specific tumors refractory to standard treatment and/or whose bone marrow status precluded the use of conventional chemotherapy. The final role of bleomycin in cancer chemotherapy awaits the results of controlled prospective clinical trials.

Hexamethylmelamine (NSC 13875) is a iriazine that has completed phase I–II trials under the sponsorship of the Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute. It was selected for clinical trial based on superior activity against the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma. In the clinical trials reported, the dose schedules used were 4–15 mg/kd/d for 21–90 days. Dose limiting toxicity was gastrointestinal. Also seen were leukopenia, thrombocylopenia, and central nervous system toxicity. The overall response rate in 784 evaluable patients was 17%. Greater than 20% response rates were seen in the following tumor types: small cell (oat) carcinoma of the lung, ovarian adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, and breast cancer. Further controlled clinical trials in certain tumor types are warranted.

An analytical solution is presented for the nonlinear frequency response of a system in which radiant heat transfer is coupled with conduction. The model is that of an object inside an evacuated enclosure whose wall temperature oscillates about a mean. A perturbation analysis solves the describing equations for oscillatory amplitudes less than one-tent the mean wall temperature. An exact solution to a Ricatti differential equation verifies the perturbation analysis. These solutions show that, contrary to linear experience, the average object temperature over an oscillatory cycle exceeds the mean at the wall. The complete solution for the frequency response can be divided into three regimes. In the first, at low frequencies, all response is truly linear. In the second, higher harmonics become important, but the response remains that of a lumped parameter systems. In the third, response changes with distance from the object surface and the response at the surface dominates. Nonlinearities are important in the second and third regimes. The solution has several applications.

Fifty California legislators holding committee posts important for drug legislation were interviewed. Goals were to elicit legislator conceptions of the effects and aims of drug legislation on behavior, to assess their views of public opinion on drug problems and their own reactions to controversial proposals for new laws, and to determine opinions of behavioral science and scientists as information sources for new legislation. Expressed views were related to party affiliation, liberalism-conservatism, and philosophical position. Half of the legislators said the behavioral sciences had too little information to give; one fifth rejected such research as useless or undesirable. The majority were critical of behavioral scientists, including psychiatrists, and gave little credence to their opinions. Interview rating of positions on drug issues correlated .91 with voting records on other issues rated as liberal or conservative. All liberals were Democrats; most conservatives were Republicans. Philosophical positions, rated as moral absolutism versus pragmatism, were related to political stance; but philosophy was a better predictor of acceptance or rejection of behavioral science than was political stance.

A review of historical patterns in drug use suggests common forms of use, likely social responses to innovation, the conditions under which drug use patterns change and the notion of “abuse” is most probable, and the conditions under which most unpredictable drug use and outcomes will occur. Examination of contemporary patterns of use yields evidence of a number of trends, one of which is the growth of use of quieting rather than stimulating substances in America. Although the major function of drugs is and will be to enhance sociability, the prediction is that our society will produce more redundant people who will be at risk of disabling use and effects. Several possible sociopolitical outcomes of these trends are considered, some optimistic and some pessimistic. The importance, for anticipating the future, of the existence of a sense of destiny is suggested.

ESR spectra of the defect α-Al2O3:Co2+, H+ are reported and used to derive the magnetic tensors g and A. This defect is shown to exist in several types, and models in the framework of the α-Al2O3 structures are proposed.

Interaction of 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidine nitroxide free radical (AMPNO·) with 3d metal perchlorates, in the presence of triethyl orthoformate, leads to the formation of M(ClO 4 ) 2 . TMPNO· (M = Co, Ni) and M(ClO 4 ) 2 . 2TMPNO· (M = Fe, Zn) complexes. Characterization studies suggest that the new complexes are most probably bi- or poly-nuclear, with terminal TMPNO·, a bidentate perchlorato ligand, and a bridging perchlorato group. Magnetic susceptibility and esr data were interpreted in terms of partial spin-spin coupling between the unpaired ligand- and d-electrons, in the paramagnetic metal ion complexes; in the Zn II complex partial spin-spin coupling between the unpaired electrons of different ligand molecules occurs.

New anisotropic ESR spectra of Co 2+ doped sapphire, different from hitherto known, are reported. The new spectra which are observed, beside the well-known spectra of α-Al 2 O 3 :Co 2+ , are shown to form two sets, each one consisting of six spectra (1–6) and (7–12). The spectra of both sets are proven to be interrelated by B 3 a symmetry. g and A tensors for each set will be given. Evidence is given that the two sets are to be assigned to the defects α-Al 2 O 3 :Co 2+ ,H + and α-Al 2 O 3 :Co 2+ ,X + . The former is concluded to consists of a Co 2+ ion at the substitutional site (c) and a proton located in a potential minimum along a straight line between O 2- ions situated in O 2+ triangles above and below the CO 2+ ion. The potential function for the proton has been calculated by quantum-chemical calculations to clucidate the geometrical structure of the paramagnetic center. The α-Al 2 O 3 :Co 2+ ,X + could not be fully analyzed but some evidence is presented, that X + might be alkali ions.

An inverse square-root function is developed for the relation between average response distance and the number of locations at which response units are stationed in a region. Analysis of theoretical models, simulation data, and empirical measurements are used to confirm the square-root model. The square-root response distance model is combined with response distance—response time relations to resolve decision problems important to the management of urban fire departments. The results can be used to find optimal resource allocations given resource constraints and response time standards, or to describe the response time consequences of proposed allocation plans.

The paramagnetic resonance of LiF crystals containing F and M centers was investigated. The observation of 35 lines in electron spin resonance (ESR) is reported. Electron-nuclear double resonance data were determined from which the observed ESR is predicted. (C.J.G.)

The $F$-center slow- and fast-passage electron spin resonance has been observed in LiF, LiCl, NaF, NaCl, NaBr, KCl, and KBr. The hyperfine coupling of the $F$ electron to nuclei neighboring the negative-ion vacancy has been measured by electron-nuclear double resonance. Root second moments of the resonance absorption, obtained from slow passage, agree with values calculated from the hyperfine constants. In the case of LiF, the partially resolved structure existing on the slow passage resonance line is shown conclusively to arise from the $F$ center. These experimental results, together with those of previous workers, are compared with the theory of Gourary and Adrian.

(1960). Measurement of Hardness of Barley and Malt with the Brabender Hardness Tester. II. Modification during Malting. Proceedings. Annual meeting - American Society of Brewing Chemists: Vol. 18, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting 1960, pp. 95-100.

The difficulty of assessing the effects of mind- altering drugs on human behavior, especially conduct in real-life situations, is discussed. Problems in classification of drugs are also noted; it is emphasized that assumed drug effects are, at best, statements of probability. In considering crimes associated with drug use, it is necessary to distinguish between crimes based on drug use itself, which include all offenses for illicit acquisition, possession, and use of dangerous drugs and narcotics, and dangerous behavior resulting from use. The evidence is clearest for alcohol, revealing a distinct relationship between alcohol use and health hazard, suicide, accidents, and violence. The evidence is less clear for heroin, since most users are delinquent prior to being identified as "addicts" so that continued criminality after heroin use cannot be "caused" by narcotics. That the kind of criminality engaged in is influenced by drug use does seem a reasonable conclusion. Evidence about the degree of risk for the use of other drugs (sedatives, stimulants, hallucinogens, volatile intoxicants, and the like) and crime is absent. Generally, it appears that most Americans use drugs without major ill- effects—including occasional illicit use. Those likely to be engaged in drug use and in crime are likely to be urban slum- dwelling males, with an overrepresentation of minority groups. Such behavior is apt to be part of a life pattern of deficit and disorder.