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The newspapermen studied believe they may mitigate such continual pressures as deadlines, possible libel suits, and anticipated reprimands of superiors by being able to claim that their work is "objective." This article examines three factors which help a newsman to define an "objective fact": form, content, and interorganizational relationships. It shows that in discussing content and interorganizational relationships, the newsman can only invoke his news judgment; however, he can claim objectivity by citing procedures he has followed which exemplify the formal attributes of a news history or a newspaper. For instance, the newsman can suggest that he quoted other people instead of offering his own opinions. The article suggests that "objectivity" may be seen as a strategic ritual protecting newspapermen from the risks of their trade. It asks whether other professions might not also use the term "objectivity" in the same way.

The Gvalues for the formation of H2, H2S, alanine (CyH), and cystine ((CyS)2) in the 60Co γ-radiolysis of 10−3and 10−2 Msolutions of cysteine (CySH) in 1 Nperchloric acid at 23 °C have been determined. They are quantitatively consistent with the following reaction mechanism.The yields of H2and H2S have also been measured at 1 ± 1°C. If H atoms are assumed to be the only reducing species in 1 Nperchloric acid, k1/k2was found to be 3.5 at 23 °C and 8 at 1 °C.

The induction of the synthesis of milk proteins is accompanied by a very large increase in the number of polyribosomes in the cells of the mammary gland. The two classes of polyribosomes (free and membrane-bound) possess very different degrees of aggregation. The ratio of bound to free polyribosomes is very high in the normally lactating gland, or after stimulation by prolactin. On the other hand, it is low after inhibition of milk secretion by progesterone. The synthesis of milk proteins is almost exclusively the consequence of activity of bound polyribosomes and the rate of turnover of the RNA content of mRNP is also more rapid for free than for bound polyribosomes. mRNAs were prepared from bound polyribosomes by sucrose-gradient ultracentrifugation and by chromatography on poly U Sepharose. The fractions thus isolated were capable of directing the synthesis of casein as, ß and K in heterologous cell-free systems. Some of the mRNAs for ascasein contained a significant poly A sequence. The control of the synthesis of mammary proteins by initiation factors and tRNAs is discussed. The purification of 2 isoacceptors of Met tRNA has enabled us to show that the mammary initiator tRNA does not possess the sequence GT?C which is present in all other tRNAs.

Noting that, on the one hand, variability in raw materials impedes routinizations and that, on the other hand, organizations impose routines to control the flow of work, this article explores two related questions: (1) How can an organization routinely process unexpected events? (2) How do newsmen decrease the variability of events that form the raw material of news? The article examines five classifications used by newsmen to distinguish among events-as-news. First, the article analyzes these classifications as definitional "categories." That approach failingfor specified reasons, it views these same classifications as typifications. This analysis stresses the extent to which typification of raw materials arises out of the requirements of the organizational structure of news work. It pays special attention to some practical problems concerning the control of work. It also discusses the pamifications that arise for the news organizations from the manner in which an event occurs. Some implications of the analysis are discussed.

Broadcast Monographs (Philadelphia: Broadcast Education Association, Temple University 1974—$4.00, $3.00 to students, paper)Erwin G. Kransnow are co-editing CLIENT (Communication Law Instruction Educator Notes and TechniquesSteve Post, Playing in the FM Band: A Personal Account of Free Radio (New York: Viking Press, 1974—$10.00)Natan Katzman's One Week of Public Radio: December 9-15, 1973 (Washington: Corporation for Public Broadcasting, 1974—available on request, paper)Walter S. Baer and Carl Pilnick, Pay Television at the Crossroads (April 1974, P-5159, 36 pp., $1.00)Walter S. Baer, Communications Technology and the Congress (April 1974, P-5215, 9 pp., $1.00)George Comstock, Milgram's Scotch Verdict on TV-A Retrial (June 1974, P-5243, 13 pp., $1.00)The Prime Time Survey by TVTV (Box 630, San Francisco, Calif. 94101, 1974—$5.00 to individuals and $10.00 to institutions znd businesses, paper)Gaye Tuchman's The TV Establishment: Programming for Power and Profit (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1974 —$6.95/2.95)Radio Nostalgia: 1905-1950, and Radio Stars: 1933-1950 ($2.50 each, paper)

Poly(U)-sepharose chromatography of RNA from bound polysomes of lactating ewe mammary gland results in the isolation of an RNA fraction containing mRNA for αs casein. Several independent experimental approaches revealed the existence of poly(A) sequences the average length of which was 130 nucleotides. Only about 40% of the messenger activity for αs casein has a poly(A) sequence.