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Lateral wind on side spans of suspension bridges is examined. A generalized solution for the deflection of the side span is presented by means of dimensionless parameters. Existing suspension bridges with controlling ranges of side span characteristics are examined and limiting values for the side span parameters are selected accordingly. Curves for moment, reaction and deflection coefficients are presented for the purpose of rapid design.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the alterations in serum levels of platelet indices such as mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in ectopic pregnancy (EP) and discuss the mechanism of the alterations in MPV and PDW. Methods This retrospective evaluation of 153 tubal EP patients (39 ruptured and 114 non-ruptured) admitted to our clinic between 2009 and 2013 and 67 healthy pregnancies was conducted. The data regarding the maternal age, hemoglobin level, platelet level, MPV, PDW was analyzed. Results MPV was lower in the EP, especially in ruptured EP, compared to control group. However, no significant difference could be found between the groups (p=0.616). PDW was higher in the EP, especially in ruptured EP, compared to control group, however there was no statistical difference between the three groups (p=0.451). Platelet counts were significantly lower in ruptured EP compared to non-ruptured ectopic pregnancies and control groups (p=0.005). Conclusions MPV seems to be lower in ruptured EP suggesting the possible high grade inflammation in pathology. Platelet counts tend to be lower in ruptured EP suggesting the consumption of the platelets at the inflammation site. However, further studies are needed to describe the usefulness of the platelet indices in the diagnosis and clinical follow-up of EP. Our preliminary results show that MPV levels may decrease in the ruptured EP cases. At the same time, PDW levels may increase.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate ductus venosus Doppler waveforms before and after amniocentesis in order to investigate any effect of amniocentesis on fetal myocardial hemodynamics. We also evaluated the umbilical artery, uterine artery and fetal mid-cerebral artery Doppler waveforms in order to investigate any relationship with ductus venosus Doppler changes. Methods: The study population consisted of 56 singleton pregnancies having genetic amniocentesis. Twenty seven of them had transplacental needle insertion; whereas 29 of them had non-transplacental amniocentesis. Uterine artery, umbilical artery, mid-cerebral artery and ductus venosus pulsatiliy index and resistance index were measured just before and after amniocentesis. Results: Amniocentesis does not cause any significant changes in fetal ductus venosus Doppler waveforms. There is also no significant changes in uterine artery, umbilical artery, mid-cerebral artery pulsatility and resistance index. Conclusion: Amniocentesis-whether transplacental or not- does not cause any significant effect on fetal myocardial hemodynamics.

Objective To determine the cumulative incidence of pregnancy rhinitis along with prevalence in different trimesters and to find out whether gestational age, BMI and parity have any effect on pregnancy related nasal congestion. Methods In the prospective protocol at the obstetrics outpatient clinic, 167 pregnant women were enrolled consecutively. According to exclusion criteria, 67 of them were excluded. Visual-Analogue-Scale (VAS), Nasal-Obstructive-Symptom-Evaluation (NOSE) scale and Discharge-Inflammation-Polyps/Oedema (DIP) scoring were utilized for diagnosis of pregnancy rhinitis. Besides, weight, length, age, parity and week of pregnancy were recorded. Results Total prevalence of pregnancy rhinitis was 17.17% and cumulative incidence was 38.89%. Our study revealed significant relation of NOSE score with both gestational week (r=0.474, p=0.001) and BMI (r=0.301, p=0.003). VAS score was significantly related with gestational week (r=0.409, p=0.001) and BMI (r=0.270, p=0.007). DIP score was found to be correlated only with gestational week (r=0.375, p=0.001). Conclusion Cumulative incidence of pregnancy rhinitis was 38.89%. Nasal congestion was significantly associated with BMI and gestational week. Patients should be informed about unfavorable fetal and maternal outcomes of pregnancy related nasal congestion which is triggered by obesity and excessive weight gain in pregnancy.