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Presents a study on the factors influencing mortality in surgical treatment for massive gastroduodenal hemorrhage. Analysis of the causes of surgical failure; Results based on indications for surgery in the different disease states; Guidelines for reducing mortality rate in surgical treatment.

Discusses a study on the management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Criteria used in selecting study subjects; Impact of aggressive approach on upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage management.

Describes a case of a massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage from duodenal diverticula in an elderly patient. Symptoms being experienced by the patient; Physical examination of the condition of the patient; Outcome of the gastroscopy performed on the patient.

Presents a case of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding which proved to be secondary to small gastric carcinoid tumor. Physical examination of the patient; Treatment of the patient; Symptoms of gastric carcinoids.

Reports on the efficacy of selective arterial infusions of vasoconstrictor medications in treating patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Association of the disease with gastrointestinal complications; Overview of patient case reports; Use of arteriography in the diagnosis of acute gastrointestinal bleeding.

Experience is described with the use of ultraviolet fiberoptic endoscopy to identify the site of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A total of 39 examinations was made in 35 patients using a standard fiberoptic esophagogastroduodenoscope, a special external source of ultraviolet light equipped with special filters and intravenously administered fluorescein. The findings indicate that this method of examination may enlarge the diagnostic approach to the problem of upper gastrointestinal bleeding by: 1. demonstrating active bleeding or continued oozing not obvious by conventional endoscopy using white light; 2. delineating the general site of bleeding, if not the actual responsible lesion and 3. distinguishing which of several potential bleeding lesions is actively bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of 100 consecutive upper gastrointestinal endoscopies is reported, in 85 instances. Thirty-seven patients had persistent upper abdominal pain or vomiting and negative x-rays. All had a positive endoscopic diagnosis. They became asymptomatic upon appropriate medical treatment. Endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in this series was markedly superior to x-ray. Fifteen of 19 patients had either a "negative" or misleading x-ray. In each of the 15, the site of bleeding was found endoscopically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective celiac and superior mesenteric arteriograms with subsequent intra-arterial perfusion of vasopressin have been used in the diagnosis and control of massive acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. There is a minimum of discomfort for the patient and the effect of treatment can be easily monitored by repeat arteriogram, through the in situ catheter. The technique is extremely valuable in the acute massive hemorrhage from esophageal varices, and may provide a means of therapy for patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage considered too ill to undergo an operation. The technique has been used successfully in six of eight patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies gastrointestinal hemorrhage induced by whole cow's milk in an atopic infant. Description of a case report; Results of immunologic studies; Outcome of radiologic studies.

Presents the findings of a clinical study of a group of patients admitted to a hospital because of upper gastrointestinal bleeding proved by emergency gastroscopic examination to be due to hemorrhagic erosive gastritis (HEG). Role of alcohol in the occurrence of HEG in the patients; Symptoms shown by the patients, including liver cirrhosis; Results of gastroscopic examinations of the patients; Variety of procedures associated with the surgical treatment of HEG, including the simple ligation of the bleeding erosions.

Only three cases of aneurysm of the gastroduodenal artery have previously been reported. Such aneurysms are extremely difficult to diagnose preoperatively unless selective aortography is available. A fourth such case has been presented here with symptoms of jaundice and gastrointestinal bleeding. In spite of early surgery, the patient died. More successful therapy will probably depend on earlier diagnosis before the aneurysm ruptures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study on the analysis of the use of gastric cooling in control of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a patient group. Methodology of the study; Indications for gastric cooling; Conclusion.

Presents a case of a 23-year old male with Crohn's disease of the stomach and doudenum complicated by massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Percentage of hematocrit after treatment with gastric lavage and iced saline solution; Purpose of performing bilateral truncal vagotomy and antrectomy with Polya-type retrocolic gastrojejunostomy on the patient; Findings of a microscopic examination done on the transected edge of the stomach.

Presents a case study of a female patient diagnosed with periarteritis nodosa involing the middle colic artery. Role of surgery in the preventing abdominal hemorrage; Results of the laboratory examinations on the woman; Decription of the hematoma found in the abdomen of the patient.

The local effect of capsicum solution was studied in 20 human subjects by instilling a 3 per cent solution through an intragastric tube or via the lumen of an Olympus GFB gastrofiberscope. Visual observation was made before and after instillation by four observers with a minimal time of observation of 15 minutes. There was no change in 13 cases. Mild reactions consisting of mucosal edema and/or hyperemia developed in three cases. Moderate reactions of multiple hemorrhagic spots developed in three and severe reactions, with progressive and massive hemorrhagic areas, with subsequent hematemesis during the examination, occurred in one case. There was no relationship, however, between the amount of capsicum consumption and abnormal gastroscopic findings. Capsicum as a part of dietary intake of many Asian peoples, being the principle ingredient of many sauces, condiments, curries, etc., may induce hemorrhage gastritis as well as aggravation of ulcer symptoms or may even cause overt hematemesis and should be excluded from the diets of ulcer and gastritis patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compares early elective surgery and prolonged conservative treatment as a therapeutic approach to recurrent upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding (UGTB). Principles in the rationale for treatment of UGTB that remain controversial; Indications for surgical intervention in massive UGTB; Analysis of several case reports.

Presents a case of small gastrointestinal bleeding due to ulcerations in Meckel's diverticulum and in the adjacent ileum with enteroliths. Symptoms of bleeding; Predisposing factors to the formation on enteroliths; Surgical procedure employed for the ulceration.

This report concerns studies on three cases of splenic vein thrombosis with portal hypertension, two due to nonmalignant pancreatic disease and one due to a penetrating benign gastric ulcer, an association not previously recorded in the literature. All three cases presented with a history of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding of up to seven years in duration. The diagnosis of this condition, and the relative value of gastroscopy, barium studies, splenoportography and coeliac axis angiography in the management of these cases are outlined. As barium studies and endoscopy are of limited value in the diagnosis of gastric varices, early resort to splenoportography or coeliac axis angiography is indicated. Once recognized, splenectomy is recommended as a means of preventing further bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes the surgical management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in aged patients. Mortality in bleeding peptic ulcer in aged patients compared to site of bleeding and type of operation; Materials and methodology of the study; Discussion on the results of the study.

A patient who exsanguinated into the gastrointestinal tract without external show of blood is reported. Repeated samplings of gastric and rectal content for blood were negative. In such situations, albeit rare, intubation distal to the pylorus for sampling purposes is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study on the loss of vision following gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Description of a patient's situation who suffered from the condition; Occurrence of ischemic optic neuritis; Possibility of the eye complication being due to methyl alcohol consumption in patients with a history of alcoholism.

A case of hepatic steatosis presenting with massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is presented. Attention is drawn to the association of fatty liver and acute portal hypertension with esophageal varices. As demonstrated in this case, with dietary treatment of fatty liver, the portal hypertension and esophageal varices disappeared, indicating their reversibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a quiz on articles and topics discussed in the May 1970 issue of "The American Journal of Gastroenterology." Cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis; Endoscopic observation on esophageal varices; Complications of postvagotomy.

Presents case studies on benign lymphoid hyperplasia of the terminal ileum. Role of a localized marked hyperplasia of the mucosal lymphoid tissue in ileal stenosis; Information on a woman admitted at the Manchester Royal Infirmy because of recurrent intestinal bleeding; Difference of lymphoid hyperplasia with follicular lymphoma.

The article presents an endoscopic study of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 50 patients. It found that portasystemic venous anastomosis is an effective therapeutic approach to the problem of variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension. However, the procedure does not insure the patient against future episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from other sources.

Presents a study regarding the use of gastroscopy as a diagnostic aid in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Time lag that tends to diminish the photography component of the examination; Summary of the cases of patients involved in the study; Advantages of using gastroscopy.

Presents several abstracts of studies on gastroenterology. "Alcohol, Aspirin and Gastrointestinal Bleeding," by Kerry Goulston and Allan R. Cooke; "Abdominal Angiography," by James J. Pollard and Robert A. Nebesar; "Recent Advances in Jaundice," by David Clain.

Among 5,580 general hospital patients with certain selected organic gastrointestinal diseases, the frequency of the diseases among the Negro patients was compared with that of the Caucasian patients. Achalasia, esophageal and gastric carcinoma, esophageal diverticula, chronic hepatitis, and gastric duodenal ulcer were comparatively more common among the Negroes, while esophageal ulcer and hiatus hernia were less common. The frequency of gastroduodenal ulcer complications was comparable in the two groups, with the exception that perforation was decidedly less frequent among the Negro patients. The incidence of operation required for ulcer complications was the same for both groups. Cirrhosis did not behave any more or less severely among the Negroes, and the same was true of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Bleeding esophagitis was comparatively infrequent among the Negroes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our technic for the endoscopic examination of the patient who is actively bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract has been described and our experiences have been outlined. The ease with which this examination can be performed and the great value which it provides for the proper management of the bleeding patient makes its utilization mandatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on a combined approach to upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Definition of a massive bleeder at the St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York; Modality considered most prevalently used to diagnose massive upper intestinal bleeding prior to 1951; Aid in the differential diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding.

Presents a case report on gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by Indomethacin. Symptoms of gastrointestinal hemorrhage; Diagnosis of gastrointestinal hemorrhage; Ways to treat the bleeding.

Four hundred patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding were studied retrospectively. The source of bleeding in 47 per cent of these patients appeared to be duodenal ulcers, in 14 per cent gastric ulcers, and in 7 per cent miscellaneous etiology; the remaining 32 per cent were unknown. A history of previous upper gastrointestinal bleeding was found in one-third of all patients, but in hemorrhagic gastritis over two-thirds had bled previously. Mortality in patients with previous upper gastrointestinal bleeding was only 5 per cent as opposed to 10. per cent in the patients who had never bled before. Fifty per cent of all patients who died, entered the hospital stable and in no acute distress. In 60 per cent of the patients who expired, no diagnosis could be made, while diagnosis of duodenal ulcer was made in only 12 per cent and of gastric ulcer in 18 per cent. Of patients with previous history of duodenal ulcer no ulcer could be demonstrated in 41 per cent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case involving the simultaneous occurrence of bleeding and perforation in separate gastric ulcers is presented and is believed to be the second case of this nature to be reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven patients who exsanguinated into the gastrointestinal tract without external show of blood are reported. None of the hemorrhages was recognized during life. A digital rectal examination may be all that is needed to recognize the bleeding in such cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of 67 cases, in only 22 of which endoscopy seemed indicated, leads us to describe this method for obtaining early diagnosis in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It utilizes both x-ray and endoscopic examination. Recognizing the particular merits of endoscopy performed during active bleeding, it selects x-ray as the initial examination in only those patients whose gastric contents are devoid of fresh blood. The use of an aqueous, radiopaque substance permits immediate and unhindered endoscopic examination whenever x-ray findings are equivocal. As a result, while only some patients are subjected to early endoscopy, its benefits are available to all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on jejunal diverticula, one of the causes of massive gastrointestinal bleeding. Common complications of jejunal diverticula; Case reports of patients with jejunal diverticulosis; Approach to managing the patient with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Presents case reports of massive hemorrhage from diverticular disease of the colon in patients admitted to the Surgical Service of the Mount Sinai Hospital. Method used in tracing the origin of the hemorrhage; Analysis of the medical history of patients; Emergency operation after massive bleeding.

Presents abstracts of research on gastroenterology, published in various medical journals in 1966. "The Emergency Management of Massive Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage," by James H. Foster; "Arteriosclerotic Abdominal Aneurysms," by Israel Steinberg and Harry L. Stein; "Carcinoid Tumors," by N. Kazmers.

Focuses on the management of gastrointestinal bleeding. Estimation of the degree of blood loss; Factors needed in an effective therapy; Indications for emergency endoscopy.

Presents a study on the effects of octapressin phenylalanine-lysine-vasopressin on the rate of gastric blood flow and bleeding. Method used in the study; Observations on the color of gastric mucosa by means of gastrostomy; Outcome of the intravenous application of phenylalanine-lysine-vasopressin.

Presents a study that examined peptic ulcer patients admitted to the Veterans Administration Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to determine seasonal variations in the incidence of exacerbations. Background on conflicting data on the subject; Information on the participants in the study; Factors behind seasonal variations in hemorrhage due to ulcer, including changes in temperature.

Focuses on a study on some aspects of the pathophysiology and the multiple contributing factors in hemorrhage from the upper gastrointestinal tract presented at the 29th Annual Convention of the American College of Gastroenterology in New York City from October 19 to 21, 1964. Importance of stress mediated to the stomach by a hormonal mechanism acting through the hypothalamic pituitary pathway; Effect of gastric juice on the recalcification of time of normal plasma in ulcer and nonulcer patients; Results of therapy in random cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Examination of the portal vein pressure and outline may be made by catheterizing the porta hepatis by way of the umbilical vein. A large dose of dye that may be quickly introduced may give more information in intrahepatic obstruction than will splenic puncture. Extrahepatic obstruction may still require the use of splenic puncture for final diagnosis, but in pediatric patients the umbilical vein catheterization method may help rule out intrahepatic obstruction and permit delay in the surgical treatment of portal hypertension of extrahepatic obstruction. In the elective study of portal hypertension due to intrahepatic origin our method affords a leisurely method of diagnosis and selection of type of decompression procedure. In the acutely bleeding patient umbilical vein catheterization may be a safer method of investigating the portal system. When no spleen is available, this method is of even greater value. The effect of surgical Pitressin may be monitored and perhaps should be monitored when given during the active bleeding stage. The presence of unsuspected collaterals arising from the hilum of the liver may help in selecting the type of decompression procedure. This may also be done at the time of operation by cross clamping the portal vein and injecting a radiopaque solution like hypaque. During exploration of the upper abdomen this portal entry to the portal vein may be used to investigate the portal system when portal hypertension is suspected in the diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents abstracts of articles on gastroenterology, published in 1961 and 1962. "Management of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding," by J. P. Hughes and L. Burkinshaw; "Prognosis in Cancer of the Stomach," by Charles A. Flood, Josephine Wells and Harold D. Harvey; "Antrectomy With Vagectomy for Chronic Duodenal Ulcer," by Louis T. Palumbo and Wendell S. Sharpe; "Megaloblastic Anemia in Association With Jejunal Diverticula," by Donald W. Crawford and Richard M. Freeman.

Analyzes a series of fatal autopsied cases of gastrointestinal bleeding in the U.S. Causes of bleeding; Accuracy of the bleeding diagnoses; Diagnostic errors committed in the cases.

Presents abstracts of several medical studies on gastroenterology. "Tabetic Gastric Crisis With Fluid Levels and Visible Peristalsis," by R. D. Catterall, A. J. C. Latchmore amd E. E. Sherwood; "An Unusual Cause of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage," by Robert L. Curran and Thomas Forsythe; "Esophagitis Associated with Hemorrhage From Esophageal Varices," by Edwin Polish and B. H. Sullivan Jr.

Presents abstracts of several studies on gastroenterology. "Esophagoplasty as a Palliative Surgical Procedure for Inoperable Carcinoma of the Esophagus," by P. J. Chrysospathis, G. Procos and B. Golematis; "The Management of Gastrointestinal Bleeding," by John A. Rasmussen; "Peptic Ulcers in Children," by R. M. Berg, J. A. Eriksen and W. E. Levi; "Ulcerative Colitis in Children," by Louis L. Perkel.

Presents information on a study that analyzed localized gastric hypothermia in massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Effect of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum on the development of the hemorrhage; Role of hypothermia in slowing gastrointestinal mobility; Importance of hypothermia to decrease blood flow in patients experiencing gastric bleeding.