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A new ultrasonic interferometer for the automatic measurement of transit times is described. Its main advantage is its ability to follow very large changes of the transit time (1–20) and still maintain a resolution of typically 2.5×10−10 sec. The method is based on the phase sensitive detection of multiple echoes, counting of the output signal at the rate of four counts per full cycle, and an additional interpolation.

This paper discusses the design trade-offs for a parallel bit-organized MOS memory. A memory capacity of 40K bits can be achieved using LSI techniques. Memory storage capacity is expandable in both word length and number of words stored. The physical dimensions of the memory should be considerably smaller than those of a comparable core design. Power consumption per bit should likewise be less than that achievable with cores. A full cycle time of 1 us or less can be achieved. Cost per bit should compare very favorably with that of a core design.

The synchronization method was used for a global inspection of the relation between the sunspot “cycle” and the annual means of temperature and precipitation totals of 92 stations, which were distributed over a large part of the earth. Taken globally, a tendency could be found that the temperature “cycle” lags up to a quarter of the full cycle behind the sunspots, whereas the precipitation totals advance the sunspots also up to a quarter of the full cycle. The single stations, however, show wide deviations from this average relation.

The method of Chebyshev optimum linkage design is an iterative method related to Newton's method. It requires as an initial approximation a linkage with a number of precision points. The method was applied to the design of a crank rocker linkage to generate the solar declination. The Chebyshev optimum crank rocker linkage gave a maximum structural error of 7·20 minutes over the full cycle with an output range of 47°.

Simplified methods are given for quickly computing with reasonable accuracy the performance of transmitting tubes in the usual radio-frequency and audio-frequency applications. These applications cover the cases where the current wave shapes within the tube are pulses of current which flow for less than the full cycle. The factors controlling the shape of these pulses are discussed and a simplified analysis of the pulses is presented. The problems of choosing the optimum conditions for a transmitting tube are discussed and the conditions for fully utilizing a tube's capabilities in the different classes of service are presented. These methods are illustrated thoroughly by calculations for a standard transmitting tube.

In the post-World War II period the use of self-service has spread horizontally to practically all types of retail stores on the minimum-service level. Whether labeled “self-selection,” “display merchandising,” “selective open selling,” “simplified selling,” or something similar, all of these represent variously lesser degrees of the supermarket concept of self-service. Whatever it is called, it refers to a still rapidly developing technology co-ordinating the merchandise-presentation efforts of retail stores. This article summarizes the pressures that have been exerted upon retail stores to adopt self-service in greater measure and then identifies the main reasons why some stores prefer to extend more personalized service.

This paper discusses the design trade-offs for a parallel bit-organized MOS memory. A memory capacity of 40K bits can be achieved using LSI techniques. Memory storage capacity is expandable in both word length and number of words stored. The physical dimensions of the memory should be considerably smaller than those of a comparable core design. Power consumption per bit should likewise be less than that achievable with cores. A full cycle time of 1 us or less can be achieved. Cost per bit should compare very favorably with that of a core design.