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There exists ample evidence that granulopoiesis is an actively controlled process. The observation of cyclical granulopoiesis in chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) suggests that control is deranged rather than abolished in this disorder. Analysis of the kinetics of granulopoiesis in CGL may provide some insight into the nature of the derangement. To facilitate analysis, a mathematical model of the granulopoietic control system is proposed and examined using computer simulation. With model parameters initially chosen to represent normal granulopoiesis, the minimal changes necessary to represent granulopoiesis in CGL were investigated. This analysis indicates that two separate changes seem to be required: (1) the granulocyte maturation time must be increased and (2) the precursor input to the granulocytic pathway of development must also be increased. A causal association between delayed maturation and rising precursor input is suggested, and some possible mechanisms of association are proposed.

The method of magnitude estimation was used to determine the brightness of areas presented adjacent to a doubly stimulated overlap region. Two variables were examined, the stimulus-onset-asynchrony, SOA, between the two stimuli forming the doubly stimulated region, and the luminance of these stimuli. Where a decrease in luminance summation was expected in this overlap region the adjacent flank increased in brightness with increasing SOA.

Aluminum has been found to be soluble in αtitanium to about 26 pct, and to raise the temperature range of transformation from αto β. Two intermediate phases exist in the system, a new face-centered tetragonal phase, designated as γ, which occurs between 34 and 46 pct Al, and TiAl3. Metallographic and X-ray diffraction data were used to determine the diagram.

Between Jan. 1, 1927, and June 30, 1936, autopsies were performed on 70 patients who died suddenly in the wards of the New York City Hospital. All of these patients were sufficiently sick to require hospitalization, some being dangerously ill while others were ambulatory and comfortable. Death was sudden in the respect that it came on unexpectedly and occurred within twenty minutes of the initial symptoms. We have analyzed and grouped these cases, and we hereby report our observations.The great majority of the deaths were cardiac. There were 49 patients, over two thirds of the total number, who gave anatomic evidence of fatal changes in the heart. The histologic data on many of these patients have been reported in detail by one of us.1 In 7 instances the cause of death was cerebral and in 4 pulmonary. Spontaneous rupture of the aorta accounted for 3 fatalities, ruptured aneurysm

This study was designed to investigate the social and demographic attributes of the clients of the Telephone Samaritan Service in order to identify patterns of personal need and service usage. In a selected 22‐week period, the Samaritans of Western Australia were contacted by 474 persons, and the details available for 450 of them were studied. Contact rates were higher for women than for men. Single men and married women were represented prominently, as were those of both sexes with broken marriages. Most, but not all, were young people. The upper socio‐economic strata of the community made little use of the service. Migratory persons were prominent among the clients. The distribution of contacts by time of day and day of week is reported and commented upon. Money worries, difficulties about living arrangements and problems with alcohol, loneliness and sexual behaviour were reported frequently. Problems concerned with suicide were present, but only obtained for a select minority of clients, many of them already known to be psychiatric patients. The findings are discussed and the conclusion is reached that the Samaritans realize their objectives as a community service to help those tempted to suicide and to despair.

Diabetes mellitus is generally considered an influence in the production of arteriosclerosis. Joslin was one of the earliest believers in the relationship and has persistently stressed its seriousness. Root and his associates,1 Warren2 and Wilder,3 among others, have presented abundant affirmative evidence. Our interest in the problem was to determine the extent and degree of arteriosclerotic changes in the diabetic patients who came to autopsy at New York City Hospital, Welfare Island, and note if our conclusions supported the present belief.The material observed consisted of 193 patients with diabetes mellitus who came to autopsy between Jan. 1, 1928 and Dec. 31, 1941. Because the observations in a few of these cases were not complete, the figures in the subsequent data do not always correspond with the total number of cases observed. Only data on patients 40 years or over were included. Subdivisions were made relating to

Laboratory animals were perfused with glutaraldehyde through the right ventricle before filling the whole lung intratracheally with a solution of 0.05 N Pb(NO3)2 and K3Fe(CN)6 and incubating it at 37 C for 30 min. An electron-dense reaction product on the surface of epithelial cells and in certain well-localized regions of the alveolar septa results. Nonspecific, intracellular, precipitates do not occur. Lungs which are sliced before glutaraldehyde fixation and immersed in the tricomplex salt mixture show patchy localization of reaction product. Diffuse, electron-dense deposits measuring 100-2000 mμ in diameter are seen in the cytoplasm of epithelial, endothelial and interstitial cells although occasionally there is localization on the surface of the epithelial cells and in specific sites within cells. Injection of the whole lung with tricomplex salt mixture after fixation with glutaraldehyde by vascular perfusion is a better method for the ultrastructural demonstration of pulmonary surfactant than immersion fixation and staining.

New South Wales grown Granny Smith apples were stored for seven months in three seasons. The effects of four controlled atmospheres and two air storage temperatures on final fruit quality and on development of senescent disorders were studied. To minimise superficial scald, to which the variety is very susceptible, the fruit was wrapped in diphenylamine wraps prior to storage. Assessment of quality after storage was made by panel judgments of appearance and edibility. The effects of the storage conditions on the development of disorders were assessed by scoring methods. In general, controlled atmosphere storage reduced the development of senescent disorders and proved superior to air storage in the maintenance of fruit qualify. Atmospheres containing carbon dioxide best preserved external appearance but an atmosphere of low oxygen with carbon dioxide removed resulted in superior internal quality. Of the treatments studied 5 per cent carbon dioxide with 2.5 per cent oxygen gave best overall fruit quality.