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This address seeks to explain in brief the historical background and political, economic, and social conditions leading to the democratic election of a Marxist president in Chile. A historical sketch of Chilean government from independence in 1810 is provided with a description of the situation just before Salvador Allende's election in 1969. Some of the political, economic, and social programs and aims of Dr. Allende's government are explained. (VM)

Although all countries face shortages of professional personnel, the problem is especially critical for the developing nations, who face the drain of high-level manpower to developed nations. This study of the migration of manpower from the Philippines to the United States identifies the major factors in this exodus, improves prediction techniques, and analyzes ways to minimize emigration through improved educational programs. Out of a population of 9,613 college-educated Filipinos who studied in the United States between 1960 and 1965, 753 names were chosen through disproportionate stratified sampling of the medical and nonmedical segments of the population. After further division of the sample into those who returned to the Philippines and those who remained in the United States, usable questionnaires were returned by 66 migrants and 188 nonmigrants. The report concludes from the data that migration is highly related to attitudes toward the home country, as well as personal characteristics such as age and sex. Consequently, a short-run program to reduce emigration should involve government support of education for individuals carefully screened for attitudes and personality traits. In the long run, however, education and the climate for research must be improved so that talent is adequately utilized. (BH)

IN ORDER TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF A STRUCTURED PRESCHOOL ACADEMIC PROGRAM UPON THE COGNITIVE GROWTH OF CULTURALLY DEPRIVED CHILDREN, A LONGITUDINAL STUDY WAS BEGUN ON 107 FOUR-YEAR-OLDS IN CLEVELAND, OHIO. RELEVANT RESEARCH LITERATURE WAS REVIEWED IN DESIGNING THE STUDY. THE FIRST PHASE, RECOUNTED IN THIS REPORT, EXPLORED PSYCHO-LINGUISTIC, PERCEPTUAL, AND INTELLECTUAL FUNCTIONING. THE CHILDREN WERE DIVIDED INTO ONE CONTROL GROUP RECEIVING CUSTODIAL CARE AND TWO EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS, ONE WHITE AND ONE NEGRO, BOTH BELONGING TO THE PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILD DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. PRE- AND POSTTESTING OCCURRED AT A 10-WEEK INTERVAL, USING THE STANFORD-BINET INTELLIGENCE SCALE (S-B) AND THE ILLINOIS TEST OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ABILITY (ITPA). A SECONDARY RESEARCH PROJECT USED THE FROSTIG TESTS TO MEASURE 45 CHILDREN, RANDOMLY SELECTED FROM THE THREE GROUPS, WHO HAD BEEN GIVEN ADDITIONAL PERCEPTUAL TRAINING. DATA WERE ANALYZED IN TERMS OF PRESCHOOL OR NONPRESCHOOL AND BOYS OR GIRLS. RESULTS SHOWED THAT (1) S-B AND ITPA ARE MORE STABLE MEASURES THAN FROSTIG AT THIS AGE, (2) GAINS WERE GREATER IN BRIGHTER CHILDREN, (3) EXERCISE IS NEEDED IN VOCALIZING EXPERIENCE, (4) GIRLS SURPASS BOYS IN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT, AND (5) VISUAL PERCEPTION IMPROVED AFTER USING THE FROSTIG PROGRAM. A FAIRLY EXTENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS INCLUDED. (LG)

THE VARIABLE, ACADEMIC MOTIVATION (N AC), WAS MEASURED BY A PROJECTIVE TEST. A SCORING MANUAL WITH HIGH INTER-SCORER RELIABILITY WAS ALSO PREPARED. THE 1964 FRESHMAN CLASS OF GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY (N EQUALS 957) PARTICIPATED IN THE STUDY. ACADEMIC MOTIVATION CORRELATED POSITIVELY AND SIGNIFICANTLY FOR BOTH MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS WITH GRADE POINT AVERAGE (GPA) AT THE END OF THE FIRST YEAR IN COLLEGE. THE CORRELATIONS WERE HIGHER WITH SECOND SEMESTER GRADES IN CONTRAST TO FIRST SEMESTER GRADES, AND CONSISTENTLY HIGHER FOR FEMALE STUDENTS. FURTHERMORE, N AC SIGNIFICANTLY DISCRIMINATED THE HIGH FROM THE LOW ACHIEVERS, EVEN WITHIN THE SAME LEVELS OF INTELLECTUAL ABILITY. OF ALL THE SUBTESTS THAT COMPRISE N AC, INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITY CORRELATED MORE SIGNIFICANTLY WITH THE CRITERION (GPA) THAN ANY OTHER, INCLUDING THE TOTAL SCORE. THE PRESENT STUDY HAS ALSO SHED LIGHT ON WHAT MOTIVE REALLY IS, AND HOW IT SHOULD BE MEASURED BY PROJECTIVE TESTS. ACADEMIC MOTIVATION WAS ALSO FOUND TO BE RELATED TO A GREAT NUMBER OF OTHER VARIABLES WHICH CORRELATE IN A SIMILAR MANNER WITH GPA. THEREFORE, N AC MAY BE A SIGNIFICANT VARIABLE IN THE STUDY, AND PREDICTION OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE MAY SUMMARIZE SYSTEMATIC VARIATIONS IN OTHER VARIABLES EQUALLY RELATED TO PERFORMANCE. (SK)

The first section of this annotated bibliography cites general works on teaching, including topics such as psychology, sociology, methods and evaluation. The second section cites works that deal specifically with foreign language teaching, with emphasis on French. (Text is in French.) (CLK)