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The section of "Physical Testing and Quality Control," focuses on a method of determining the internal structure of bonded nonwoven materials. The method involves infusing fabrics with balsam at 40-50 degree Celsius. It also presents another study examining relaxation properties of a nonwoven fabric of polyamide fibres with a fibrous bonding agent. It also discusses principles, philosophy and specifications issued by the British Standards Institute (BSI) regarding other fabrics like pile fabrics, laminated fabrics and coated fabrics.

An account is given of a simple laboratory-type mangle, developed for laminating textile fabrics with foam material. It is shown that it is possible to obtain with this equipment laminates with negligible loss of thickness in the lamination process and with a bond of satisfactory strength. It is also shown that, when a few of the laminates were given a waterproof finish with polyurethane resin on the same equipment, a satisfactory degree of waterproofness was imparted to them with the simultaneous retention of some of their inherent water-vapour-transmitting capacity. The resistance of foam, fabrics, and laminates to the transmission of water vapour is evaluated in terms of the equivalent thickness of still air for purposes of comparison, and the measurement of the thermal-insulation values of the foam, fabrics, and laminates with a simplified hot-plate apparatus is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The section of "The Finishing of Wool Fabrics" focuses on various aspects of proofing of wool fabrics as a wool manufacturing process. It is mentioned that with the technological advancements, wool manufacturers have started using several chemicals as wool finishes to protect the fabrics from moth, insects and microorganisms. Since many organochlorine insecticides are extremely toxile to animals and aquatic life, manufacturers started using Dieldrin as an effective moth proofing agent. The use of antimicrobial finishes has increased in the wool industry to protect wool from microbs. The article also discusses the use of several finishing agents such as water-repellent finishes, oil-repellent finishes and flame-proofing.

The section of "Industrial Applications of Textiles," focuses on the use of coated fabrics. Neoprene-coated nylon fabrics that are manufactured by the U.S.-based Firestone Inc. are used in fabridams. Fabridams are made up of multiple layers of coated fabrics and are used for several purposes like sewage and storm-water control, and water supply. Presently, these installations are functioning in the U.S., Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Australia. To deal with the situation when dyke fails, the North Holland Provincial Water Authority has developed an inflatable dam, which is made of steel sheets and rubber-nylon fabric.

The section of "Industrial Applications of Textiles," focuses on marine applications of textiles. Textiles are used in several forms in marine equipment like covers, hoods, canopies, sails, ropes, fishing nets and twines, and coastal protection. In covers, hoods, and canopies, poly vinyl chloride-coated synthetic-fibre fabrics are used as they are rot-resistant, perfectly waterproof, long-lasting and they do not add weight when wet. Their use in sails help to improve speed, and decrease weight. For mainsails, polyester fibre is used and for spinnakers nylon is used. Spunstron polypropylene fibre, manufactured by ICI Fibres Ltd. has received lot of success in making ropes.

The section of "Industrial Applications of Textiles," focuses on protective clothing and safety items. It is stated that apparel worn by the Apollo astronauts were one of the most famous protective clothing. It consisted of three separate structures, including a 100% cotton underwear suit, which was a constant wear; a pressure-garment that provided a viable environment in space craft--it was made from nylon fabric, coated with neoprene and lined with Nomex; the 'Integrated Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment' was made to be worn over the pressure garment for outer-space working--its outer layer consisted of a double shell of Teflon-coated staple-fibre Betaglass fabric.

Fusible bonding systems consist of face fabric, heat seal resin adhesive and backing fabric. Because these systems are activated by heat, they occupy a unique position in the bonded and laminated fabric field, in that delayed bonding is possible. This allows wide flexibility in applications, including full width and cut parts bonding. The various types of fusible fabrics are described, along with systems involving separate thermoplastic adhesives. The bonding of fusible fabrics is discussed in detail, with particular emphasis on the influence of temperature, pressure and time. Various applications of fusible bonding systems are described, including nondurable heat seal methods. The important chemical and physical characteristics of current thermoplastic resins are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of polyurethanes in combination with textiles in such areas as coated fabrics, bonding and laminating, and flocking seems to be on the increase. This paper details the properties and advantages of the various polyurethane/textile combinations, and offers an evaluation of their market potential. A brief discussion of polyurethane chemistry is also Included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The section of "Developments in the Finishing of Cotton and Man Made Fibre Fabrics," focuses on the soil-resistance and the cleanability properties of fibre and fabric. According to the article, the soil-resistant and soil-release finishes work on the basis of the hydrophilic properties of the fibre surface. It states that in aqueous medium hydrophobic fibres are more soiled than the hydrophilic fibres while in dry cleaning medium the opposite happens. It is also mentioned that a combined anti-soil, soil-release, and crease-resist finish for cellulosic and polyester cellulosic fibre fabrics has been patented. Several chemical procedures used in the preparation of such fabrics are also mentioned.

Focuses on changes to several archive-related standards issued by the British Standards Institution in Great Britain. Increase in number of pages recorded on a single microfiche; Methods of test for coated fabrics.

Some 335 people representing a crosssection of all phases of the coated fabrics industry attended the AATCC symposium on coated fabrics technology March 26-29 at Newton, Mass. Arranged under the guidance of AATCC Committee RA86 and hosted by the association's New England Region, the program reviewed new advances in materials, equipment and application procedures, and discussed problems confronting suppliers, processors and retailers. This capsule critique was authored by the chairman of the symposium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about the content of a questionnaire circulated by the Committee RA86 of the American Association of Textile Chemists & Colorists (AATCC). The questionnaire dealt with issues related to coated apparel fabrics. In the returned questionnaires some generic types of coatings were urethanes and vinyls. The problem areas of coated apparel fabrics related to breathability, drycleanability, washability and delamination. Flexing and flame retarding are other two concerning areas.

The article offers information on the Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Research Committee meeting in New York City on February 16-18, 1971. Discussed are activities concerning the study of coated apparel fabrics, a symposium on carpet textile printing is planned, and a program on dry cleaning durability of bonded and laminated apparel fabrics are also planned.

The section of "The Finishing of Wool Fabrics" focuses on the future possibilities of textile finishing in the manufacturing of wool fabrics. It is observed that process of wool-finishing has been changing from the traditional methods with the technological advents. In some areas such as suitings and coatings, the need for special finishing has become less relevant. Though easy-care finishes are much in demand, they are depending more on modern technology. It is mentioned that more technical innovations in wool-finishing can be expected since the demand for wool fabrics are ever increasing.

The article offers news briefs related to the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Council. The 269th meeting of the Association's governing Council was held on February 16, 1973 at the Belmont Plaza Hotel in New York City, the Council has appointed Donald W. Robinson of Para-Chem Inc. as Treasurer of the Association, and AATCC symposium on coated fabrics at the Marriott Motor Hotel, Newton, Massachusetts, is scheduled for March 28-29, 1973.

The article evaluates an abrasion resistant and lacquer based coating for fabrics by Witco Chemical Corp.

The article reports that the COMMITTEE RA61 of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) has attempted to study the sources of variation in measuring the appearance of durable press fabrics after repeated home launderings. Although the committee has approved only one change in the test method, several investigations about the sources of variation have been made. The change specifies the use of two 8-foot Type F80CW (cool white) Preheat Rapid Start fluorescent lamps rather than the two 4-foot lamps specified previously.