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The symposium theme of "Today's Child and Learning to Read" provides the focal point for the 12 papers included in this volume. Each is concerned with an individual area of reading and the relevance of that area to the needs of today's students. Nearly half the articles deal with specific current approaches to reading instruction and their usefulness with students. They include the linguistic approach, phonetic color reading, i.t.a., and programed reading. A second segment primarily treats the teacher's role and responsibilities in the instructional and testing process. Early reading, teaching the socially disadvantaged, thinking skill instruction, and readability measures are discussed, as well as specific kinds of reading tests and their function. Tables and references are included. (RW)

The usual finding of superior recognition memory for rare items was observed. (Authors)

Morphological (Figs. 3–5) and physiological (Fig. 2) data from several crustacean species kept at 19–21 °C show that isolated stumps of motor axons often survive intact for 150–250 days whereas sensory axonal segments usually degenerate within 20 days. Axonal segments of both motor and sensory axons that remain connected to their cell body generally remain functionally and morphologically normal after lesioning. No evidence was found for collateral innervation of denervated muscles from intact motor neurons supplying nearby muscle masses, although the motor nerve terminals may not have completely degenerated. Evidence is presented that motor axons specifically re-innervate their original muscle mass if such re-innervation occurs within 90 days after lesioning. Regenerating sensory and motor fibers make appropriate CNS and peripheral connections so as to re-establish correctly a peripheral reflex (Fig. 2C) found in intact animals (Wilson and Davis, 1965).

To meet the requirements for the other essential substances of the Vitamin B complex in Vitamin B1 (thiamine) assays, early workers used autoclaved yeast. Because of the uncertainties involved in obtaining a yeast quite free from the vitamin in question, the use of autoclaved whey and autoclaved liver has been advocated since the thiamine in these apparently is more readily destroyed. For these assays it is customary to place the test animals on the basal ration at weaning, hold them until the body stores of B1 are depleted, manifested by stationary weight, and subsequently for a given specified period add the material to be tested in amounts sufficient for considerably less than the optimum gain. Although theoretically it should be possible to use a test animal for successive assays, in practice it is customary to make only one assay with a given animal. Under these conditions, possible discrepancies in the basal ration may be masked, or the results may be modified by enrichments in the test material. Fu...

10 of 16 (62.5%) patients with granuloma annulare presented microangiopathic changes in the skin. The incidence in control groups was 100% in diabetic patients, 40% in old-age patients not known as diabetics and 0 in young victims of road accidents. The frequency of the vascular findings does not seem to be shared equally by the two types of granuloma annulare, the generalized and the localized type. In the first, as in the diabetic group, microangiopathy was observed in all patients examined. Whereas, in the second it was detected in only 2 of the 8 patients. It is concluded, therefore, that from the point of view of their relation to a diabetic state, the two forms of the disorder differ from each other.

In animal studies pertaining to Vitamin E, varying amounts of fat have been used as essential constituents of the ration. Certain of these are known to have a specific influence on the rate of the ...

There is in my opinion no doubt whatever but that some arithmetic should be taught to all pupils in the high school.

Our experience with pemphigus vulgaris consists of 35 cases. The majority are Jews of Eastern European origin, with an average age of 49.3 years. A daily 40–60 mg of prednisone was effective to initiate remission in most of the cases. Substitution of prednisone by an equivalent dose of triamcinolone avoided further increasing in the dose in 11 of 14 cases. Other regimens of treatment, such as alternate-day therapy, addition of estrogen and of methotrexate, were utilized in some of the patients. They were effective in only a part of the cases and after the disease has been held in remission by the conventional daily therapy. Our data shows that it is adviseable to make allowances for individual reactions on determining the level of initial dosages and when utilizing the other modalities of treatment.