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The crystal structure of cis-chlorobis(triethylphosphine)-1,10-phenanthrolineplatinum(II) fluoroborate has been determined and refined to an R-value of 0.051. The space group is P21/c and the cell dimensions are a = 0.9215(2), b = 1.1991(3), c = 2.6832(6) nm, β = 99.38(3)°, with 4 molecules per unit cell. The interatomic distances to Pt are: Pt—N(1), 213.7(19); Pt—N(2), 284.3(20); Pt—P(1), 223.9(7); Pt—P(2), 224.1(6); Pt—Cl, 236.1(6) pm.The coordination number and geometry is discussed in terms of 5-coordinate tetragonal pyramidal and 4-coordinate square planar models, the latter being regarded as the more acceptable.Monodentate o-phenanthroline is thus observed for the first time in the solid state. The structure of the complex in solution is discussed with the aid of conductance and nuclear magnetic resonance results which suggest the possibility of a novel fluxional system.

The electrophysiological properties of the atrioventricular conduction system were compared in 16 patients using stimulation of the high right atrium (HRA) and a site within the coronary sinus (CS). The site of atrial stimulation significantly altered A-V nodal conduction time and refractoriness in eight patients (Group A) and did not change A-V nodal properties in the remaining patients. His-Purkinje conduction time and refractoriness were not affected by changing the atrial stimulation site. The atrial stimulation site may influence A-V nodal function by changing the site and/or mode of entry of the impulse into the A-V node.

The extraction of technetium (VII) by 4-(5-nonyl)pyridine has been investigated from different aqueous solutions. Separation from uranium and some fission products has been achieved in nitrate media. From the results of partition experiments, attempts have been made to deduce the nature of the extracted species.

SUMMARYA field experiment was conducted for two years to study the influence of type of seed bed and various mulcheson yield and nutrient uptake by pearl millet, and on moisture conservation, under the semi-arid conditions of Delhi. A flat seedbed stored more moisture, gave significantly higher yield of pearl millet, and increased the uptake of N, P and K, compared withridge and furrow beds. Mulches were effective in conserving moisture, with straw mulch significantly better than dust mulch inits effect on crop yield and nutrient uptake.

Re-entry within the His-Purkinje system (HPS) was consistently observed in 15/24 consecutive patients in whom retrograde refractory period studies were performed using His bundle electrograms and the ventricular extrastimulus method. Within a narrow range of ventricular coupling intervals (V 1 V 2 ), V 2 retrogradely conducted to the bundle of His (H 2 ) with significant infra-His bundle conduction delay (V 2 H 2 interval). At critical V 2 H 2 delays another beat of ventricular origin (V 3 ) followed V 2 and was associated with H 2 V 3 intervals greater than the H-V intervals of sinus beat. It is postulated that V 2 retrogradely blocked within the right bundle branch and activated the bundle of His via the left bundle branch after which antegrade conduction occurred along the right bundle branch producing the V 3 response. In support of re-entry within the HPS are the following: 1) V 3 occurred in a narrow range of V 1 V 2 intervals and critical V 2 H 2 delays, 2) V 3 did not occur when V 2 retrogradely blocked below the bundle of His, 3) V 3 was independent of retrograde A-V nodal delay, 4) V 3 rarely occurred in patients with pre-existing complete right bundle branch block pattern. These results reasonably exclude local re-entry near the site of stimulation.

Ventricular refractory period studies were performed in 12 consecutive and unselected patients using the ventricular extrastimulus method (V 2 ) at basic ventricular cycle lengths (V 1 V 1 ). In six of 12 patients two types of retrograde gaps occurred. At relatively long V 1 V 2 intervals, ventriculo-atrial (V-A) conduction failed and then resumed at shorter V 1 V 2 intervals. The initial sites of retrograde block were the A-V node in two patients and the His-Purkinje system in four patients. In both groups, resumption of V-A conduction at shorter V 1 V 2 intervals occurred because of retrograde delay within the His-Purkinje system. Retrograde gaps differ from previously described antegrade gaps in A-V conduction: The site of initial block in A-V gaps is the His-Purkinje system and resumption of A-V conduction occurs at shorter A 1 A 2 intervals because of proximal delay in the A-V node (type I) or delay in the proximal His-Purkinje system (type II). In V-A gaps the site of initial block may be either the A-V node or the His-Purkinje system and resumption of V-A conduction always occurs due to delay within the distal His-Purkinje system. A common feature of both A-V and V-A gaps is the fact that delay of the more premature impulses allows time for previously refractory areas to recover excitability and both can be functional in nature. Only one of the 12 patients had both A-V and V-A gaps in conduction. Retrograde gaps in V-A conduction are more commonly observed than A-V gaps.

The crystal and molecular structure of diazido-2,2′-bipyridinecopper(II), C10H8N2(N3)2Cu, is determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and refined to an R value of 0.067. The cell dimensions are a = 664.9(2), b = 843.3(1), c = 1082.0(2) pm, α = 86.99(2)°, β = 87.77(3)°, γ = 78.59(2)°. The space group is [Formula: see text] (No. 2) with 2 molecules per unit cell and the measured density is 1.71(2) g cm−3. The copper coordination is square planar with two additional longer bonds. The coordinate bond lengths in pm to the bipyridine ligand are: Cu—N(1), 201.6(6); Cu—N(2), 201.9(6). The coordinate bonds to the azido ligands are: Cu—N(3), 194.9(6); Cu—N(6), 196.6(6). The longer bonds are: Cu—N(3)″, 268.0(8), Cu—N(6)′ 268.2(8). The N—N bond lengths within each azido ligand are unequal: N(3)—N(4), 118.2(10); N(4)—N(5), 115.4(11); N(6)—N(7), 119.2(9); N(7)—N(8), 114.8(9). The angles at N(3) and N(6) are both 130° and at N(4) and N(7) the angles are both 175(1)°. Each azide takes part in asymmetric bridging through a single nitrogen atom. The results are compared with other structural studies on azido complexes and to a nitrate complex of Ag(II) which is structurally similar.

Background: Peptic ulcer is mostly produced due to the over production of gastric acid. This study wasdesigned to find out the effects of extract from the leaves of medicinal plant Olea europea (which containsdocumented natural Calcium channel blocker) and Verapamil on volume and acidity of Carbachol inducedgastric section. Their effects were also compared to find out any difference in their efficacy.Methods: Thirty rabbits of local breed, weighing 1-1.5kg were used. The animals were kept fasting for 48hours, after which the pylorus of each animal was ligated. Verapamil 10 mg/kg, Olea europea 500 mg/kg andCarbachol 600 g/kg body weight were administered intraperitoneally.Results : It was found that Verapamil reduced the volume, free and total acidity of gastric secretion, whichwere statistically highly significant when compared with Carbachol (P

Organic color in natural waters must have its origin in the multitude of organic molecules comprising the forest vegetation. Trees and plants in all stages of their growth and decay, leaves and needles of ground litter, and the forest soil itself are available for aqueus extraction of organic molecules. More specifically, color in water could arise from (1) the aqueous extraction of living woody substance, (2) the solution of degradation prod

Background: Unintentional injuries among children cause a large burden of mortality and morbidity. Environmental factors play an important role in causing these injuries. The mortality rate from unintentional injuries in low income countries is nearly double than in the high income countries.Objectives: To assess frequency of unintentional household injuries among children and mothers' health seeking behavior in different types of injuries.Methods: It was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in Military Hospital Rawalpindi from September 2015 to February 2016. A total of 116 mothers were interviewed having at least one child less than 12 years of age who has had sustained any household injury in last three months. A structured questionnaire was used for the study covering various aspects of the injury sustained and their health seeking behavior, after taking verbal consent from the participants. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS 22. A p < 0.05 was considered significant for a result.Results: Of all the 116 participants, 68(58.6%) were males and 48(41.4%) were females with 36(31%) from rural and 80(69%) from urban area of residence .Mean age of the children was 5.74±2.78.Most common injuries suffered in order of decreasing frequency were fall related injuries 48(41.4%), cuts/wound/bruises 41(35.3%), burns 18 (15.5%),choking 8(6.9%) and poisoning 1(0.9% ).Most of the injuries were sustained at evening time 44(37.9%) and mostly 78(67%) when the child was not accompanied by an adult.. As far as, management is concerned 48(41.4%) of the injuries were managed at home rest taken to some health facility.Conclusion: The most common accidental household injuries were falls. Most of the injuries were managed at home adequately but in case of severe injuries mothers seek help from a hospital or nearby clinic.

The half-life of alanine aminotransferase in rat muscle is about 20 days, compared with that of the same enzyme in liver of about three days. The thermal denaturation rate of the enzyme in , vitro gives a calculated half-life of about 400 days at body temperature. A liver lysosomal preparation effectively inactivated the enzyme under conditions in which it was otherwise quite stable. From our results we conclude that turnover of alanine aminotransferase in , vivo is a reflection of an active (enzymatic) process which does not depend on prior thermal denaturation.

In ten dogs the effects of acetylcholine, graded vagal stimulation, and heart rate on both antegrade and retrograde His-Purkinje conduction were evaluated. His bundle pacing was used to obtain the antegrade His-Purkinje conduction time and pacing the ventricle and recording the retrograde His bundle electrogram gave the retrograde His-Purkinje conduction time. Acetylcholine and vagal stimulation sufficient to produce cardiac arrest had no effect on antegrade and retrograde His-Purkinje conduction. Similarly, pacing at cycle lenghts varying from 400 to 200 msec. had no effect on antegrade or retrograde conduction time. However, when the cycle length of ventricular pacing was decreased to less than 200 msec. various degrees of retrograde His-Purkinje conduction delay and block developed.

Gel filtration profiles obtained from a variety of naturally colored waters indicate that color producing molecules are mostly in the apparent molecular weight range of 700–10,000 relative to dextrans. One fraction seems to have a molecular weight in excess of 50,000. The apparent size of the color molecules was found to be pH dependent, increasing as pH increases. Size increases are attributed to increased functional group ionization and a decrease in the adsorbability on Sephadex. The degree of association of color molecules with iron was also found to be pH dependent, being greater at both high and low pH than in the range of 7–8.

Oostenbrinkia oostenbrinki n.gen., n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of a grass, Cynodon dactylon Pers. It differs from Aulolaimoides Micoletzky, 1914 in having amphidelphic gonads, vulva in the middle of the body and a cylindrical tail. Systematic position of the genus Aulolaimoides is discussed and the family Aulolaimoididae Jairajpuri, 1964 is accepted for the accomodation of Aulolaimoides and Oostenbrinkia n.gen. under Dorylaimoidea.

The article investigates different forms of acculturation (integration, ethnic, national and diffuse) and adaptation (psychological and sociocultural) and their relations among Kurdish youth. The research uses survey methods. Research census is people between ages 18 and 29 in Kermanshah and Javanroud cities in Kermanshah province. To analyze the data we used a person approach (cluster analysis) and variable approach (explanatory factor analysis and path analysis). We refer to the resulting clusters as acculturation profiles: an ethnic profile (including 30% of the sample), a national profile (24.5%), an integration profile (34.5%), and a diffuse profile (11%). Path analysis results that a combined involvement in the national and the ethnic cultures is associated with more positive adaptation outcomes. We found that the effect of ethnic orientation on psychological adaptation was stronger than the one on sociocultural adaptation. Also we found that national orientation did not have a stronger impact on sociocultural adaptation than ethnic orientation.