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The article discusses electrochemical machining wherein hard alloys that are difficult to cut into complex shapes can be worked to a smooth finish in an electrolytic cell where the hard metal is the anode and the tool is the cathode. Some of the advantages of this process is that it does not induce stresses in the machined metal surface, another is that the process can produce complex shapes that are almost impossible to by grinding through the properly designed cathode.

Discusses the function of the roots of gathering water and mineral nutrients from the soil. Percentage of a plant's dry weight which comprises minerals; Role of cells at or near the root surface in the absorption or nutrients and water from the soil solution; Information on the absorption of ions by the roots.

The article discusses the use of indicators for measuring the acid-base balance of solutions, why they change colors and how to make an apparatus for determining the relative concentrations of hydronium to hydroxyl ions at which they change colors according to Sam Epstein, chief chemist of the Federated Metals Division plant of American Smelting and Refining Co. He highlights the two forms of chemical formula for a molecule of water. Organic substances which resemble the pigments of flowers can be used to measure the pH of solutions.

The article describes how the new theory of microinstabilities differs from hygromagnetics and shows how the theories can be used to explain the leakage of magnetic bottles. Magnetic bottles containing a plasma of ions and electrons are used by theorists to study the leakage problem in fusion reactors. It emphasizes that all kinds of magnetic bottles have been devised but all of them leaked. The ways to prevent plasma from streaming out of a magnetic bottle are through open-end or mirror device and closed or toroidal device.

The article focuses on the experiments on magnetically confined plasmas which are composed of electrons and ions. These experiments generated remarkable bodies called plasmoids. The properties of plasmoids stem from two physical phenomena. One phenomenon is that the plasma can conduct electricity. The other phenomenon that governs the behavior of plasmoids is magnetism.