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The article presents several studies which assess the vegetation relative to water salinity in Exe Estuary in England. Studies show that water salinity controls the upriver zonation of angiosperms, while marine algae species have wide salt-tolerance. They also reveal that freshwater algae could not tolerate salt, contrary to the high salt concentration manifested at the upper littoral zone soil. They conclude that upstream penetration of salt water influence the distribution of plants but water acidity is unrelated to salinity.

The article presents several studies which assess the coastal vegetation relative to salinity and soil reaction in the islands of Mull and Iona, Scotland. The studies state that Morland species penetrate high-water mark where the soil solution is saline as sea water. They also reveal that erosion, increase rate of decomposition arising from neutralization and increase of base status in saline soils influence the low composition of organic matter. The studies conclude that the islands have close relationship of acidity and salinity at 5.7 and 5.9.

The distribution of littoral Enchytraeidae was determined on an Anglesey beach by means of baited bags. L. reynoldsoni was found chiefly above the Pelvetla zone, white L. lineatus was more widely distributed. The salinity preferenda of these two species were determined by means of multiple-choice chambers, in which different salinity regimes were maintained on moist blotting paper balls. L. reynoldsoni was found to prefer salinities less than half that of the sea-water, while L. lineatus displayed no preference over a range from distilled water to a salinity 1.5 x that of the sea-water. Both species showed marked tolerance for sea-water. L. reynoldsoni was apparently unable to prevent water loss when transferred from a weaker to a stronger strength of sea-water. Fluids collected from the upper shore on absorbent cotton pads were found to have generally low osmotic pressures, depending upon rainfall. L. reynoldsoni was found to be attracted to both fresh and decayed sea-weed, It is concluded that the distribution of this species is governed by low salinities and the presence of a drift-line of sea-weed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]