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Water uptake rate of decapitated root systems of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv, Rutgers), and kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants shows an exponential increase with applied suction up to about -1 bar. The water uptake rate was higher on the descending path of applied suction than on the ascending, path, indicating a hysteresis effect in the roots. The root resistance in a cotton plant increased between 3-to 5-fold during the photoperiod of 12 hours. The water uptake rate increased with increasing temperature of the root medium up to 30°C in cotton and 25°C in tomato and bean plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The measurement of the couple-curvature parameters for weft-knitted fabrics by the use of a Shirley Bending-hysteresis Tester is described. Changes are shown in coercive couple, elastic rigidity, and bending recovery as a result of structural alterations because of finishing or wet relaxation. The degree of flat-set and the stability of flat-set depend upon obtaining a relaxed fabric whose interna! energies are reproducibly minimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of substitutions in manganese zinc ferrites ZnFe MnFeO, ( x+y+z=1) on the compensation point T of the crystal anisotropy constants and on the shape of the permeability vs. temperature dependence has been related to the content y of divalent iron ions. For small amounts y<0.15 a definite dependence between y and the reduced temperature T / T of the compensation point has been found, which is independent of the specific substitution. This enables the effect of any intralattice substitution on permeability, hysteresis, losses and 3-with exceptions-on the disaccommodation spectra to be estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two basic characteristics of reinforced concrete structures play an important role in determining response to strong ground motions. They are the changes in (a) stiffness and (b) energy dissipation capacity. Both can be related to the maximum displacement. Results of dynamic tests of reinforced concrete frames are used to illustrate the effects on dynamic response of changes in stiffness and energy dissipation capacity. It is shown that maximum in!'llastic response can be interpreted in terms of linearly elastic analysis by reference to a fictitious linear structure whose stiffness and damping characteristics are determined as a function of the assumed or known maximum displacement. This leads to a simplified method for estimating the design base shear taking account of inelastic response. The object of this paper is (a) to describe basic phenomena of energy dissipation in reinforced concrete structures subjected to strong ground motion and (b) to present a simplified method for estimating the design base shear corresponding to inelastic response. Tests of a series of reinforced concrete frames are reported in detail in Reference I. Individual frames were subjected to steady-state dynamic base motion, simulated earthquake motion, or static lateral loading. Data from that study are used to illustrate fundamental response characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known that there is a hysteresis effect in the Schmitt trigger circuit. In the present paper, the author proposes a negative hysteresis threshold circuit which consists of a cathode-coupled trigger circuit with a CR delayed feedback loop. This circuit can be set to remove any hysteresis by adjusting the delayed feedback loop gain.
A non-linear analysis is developed on the above circuit, using the phase-plane method together with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurements on gold diffused MIS capacitors, using different dielectric materials, have shown that in addition to changing the surface charge densities present at the silicon--dielectric interface, the gold also reduces the voltage hysteresis commonly observed in the capacitor C--V curves. Some orientation dependent hysteresis results, taken with these gold results, would indicate that the centers responsible for the hysteresis are slow traps located at the silicon--dielectric interface, and that interaction of these states with gold makes them electrically inactive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An account is given of a study of the bending behaviour of three types of warp-knitted fabric with the aid of a cloth-bending-hysteresis tester. The stiffness, liveliness, and curling tendency of these fabrics, together with the effects of heat-setting on these properties, v/ere assessed, and the critical condition for rolling of the edge of a curly fabric is derived in a theoretical appendix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented about the viscoelastic behavior of the Lincoln-wool fibers in water.

This paper reports the results of a study of water-vapour-sorption kinetics and the accompanying length changes observed in single wool fibres with the improved sorption vibroscope described in Part I of this series. Among the more interesting observations, it is shown that: (i) after a step change in relative humidity, desorption, other than to zero regain, continued for very long times (in excess of eight days) with no sign of termination, whereas absorption reached completion relatively quickly; (ii) the position of the desorption limb of the regain versus r.h. isotherm is both time- and size-of-step-dependent; (iii) the length versus r.h. isotherm in these experiments exhibited a maximum at about 80% r.h.; (iv) length values on desorption were shorter than the corresponding absorption values over most of the r.h. range, i.e., hysteresis effects were exhibited in length-swelling; the width of the hysteresis loop appeared to be stress-dependent; and (v) length-swelling kinetics for small sorption steps are complex and usually consist of two or more stages, the first stage being rapid and coinciding closely with the first stage of water uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have reported a case of severe bullous erythema multiforme type of fixed drug eruption in which (1) multiple drugs were erroneously first indicated as the cause; (2) a flase positive bullous patch test was obtained and disocovered to be an intracorneal artefacrt, reflecting a new phenomenon, epidermal hysteresis; (3) a relationship to auto-sensitization and pemphigus was discerned by the demonstration of direct intercelluar immunofluorescence in the lower epidermis of the affected fixed sites only; (4) phenolphthalein was finally proven to be the specific cause by double-blind oral challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of sorptions and desorptions of water vapor have been carried out on raw cotton, dewaxed cotton, aqueous swollen cotton, and raw cotton activated by heat. Remarkable permanence and reproducibility of the hysteresis effect has been observed in each system. An attempt has been made to explain the results in the light of the "cavity theory of hysteresis in conjunction with the nature of changes brought about by such treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Several observations have shown that contraction stresses in restorative resins bonded to the enamel of cavity walls readily broke the enamel surrounding the cavities. The forces studied were caused by polymerization contraction, thermal contraction or elastic hysteresis. The bonding was obtained mainly by etching the cavity walls by phosphoric acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A solid-state Sctunitt trigger has been designed with the aim of providing reliable triggering at ± 5 v on any input waveform. Input impedance is high; hysteresis, rise and fall times, and circuit delay are extremely short. Power consumption is small. Power supply ripple and instability are eliminated by the use of a battery power pack. Construction time, cost, and technical difficulties are reduced with a solid-state encapsulated module. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]