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This article presents news clippings related to sociology. Population control must form an integral part of any scheme of rapid development of a nation's economy. Planned production and reproduction must be undertaken simultaneously. In the case of developed economies, further expansion of productive capacity may be timed at increasing the military power and improving the quality of the population rather than providing for rapidly increasing numbers. It is true that the administrators have to face a number of difficulties, particularly in a country where large masses of people live in rural areas, where people are illiterate and poor. Nevertheless the administrators have not taken the necessary initiative and lack the imagination to understand the problem. Only one instance is sufficient to prove this. When the rhythm method of birth control was initiated by the Government of India in certain selected areas in 1952, certain difficulties were met with in teaching this method to the illiterate wives in rural areas. Such a method, whether it is one hundred per cent effective or not, is not at all a suitable one. It is too much to expect an illiterate woman to maintain an accurate record of the menstrual cycle and a record of her fertile and infertile days.

The article discusses the role and significance of education in economic, political and social change. The educational system now tends to be viewed as the master determinant of all aspects of change. This article illustrates both the strengths and weaknesses of the approach to the problem adopted by one school of neo-classical economists. The author attempts to estimate for India the "internal rates" of return to investment in human capital, comparing them with returns to investment in physical capital in the modem private sector of industry. It is concluded that the returns on educational investment for India appear to be considerably lower than for investment in private industry. In determining the growth potential of investment in education problem arises of weighing up the economic and social consequences of investment in different types and levels of education. Still influential is the view that as the underdeveloped countries of the world suffer from a shortage of skilled manpower, investment should be directed overwhelmingly into vocational education.

The article discusses economic aspects relating to China and India from 1952-1970, as well as the stability of their newly industrialized governments. The article focuses on the two countries' growth in terms of their foodgrains output, industrial production, and national income. Also included is an appendix on the comparison of the estimated growth rate with alternative estimates, as well as a summary of the findings. The article lists the tables, charts, and indexes that are included for easy reference.