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The Committee on Indian Currency and Exchange in Great Britain has recently issued a report which has in substance been adopted by the India Office. The recommendations of the Committee aim to restore stability to the rupee and to maintain the convertibility of the Indian paper currency. This article presents a summary of the chief recommendations of the Committee, taken from the London newspaper "Morning Post" of February 3, 1920. Some of the recommendations are as follows. The present rupee unchanged in weight and fineness should remain unlimited legal tender. The import and export of gold to and from India should be free from Government control as soon as the change in the statutory ratio has been effected.

Profiles Mohandas Kramchand Gandhi, who the author considers a remarkable man in the sense that he differs in policy and public life from other leaders. Reason behind Gandhi's overwhelming influence in India; Instances that showed Gandhi's allegiance to a principle of action and chivalry to an opponent; Indications of Gandhi's simple life style; Remarks on non-cooperation to the British government in his paper "Young India".

Focuses on some of the advertisements that are being published in the press of various nations. Emphasis given to sex appeal and achieving success in ads of Alfred D. McKelvy Co. that makes Seaforth Toiletries for Men; Examples from advertisements published in the Polish press that mainly highlight people who went missing during the Second World War or the poor conditions of people in the country; Excerpts of ads from the Hungarian press describing the products being sold in the market; Reason why in the Rumanian press all conditions and varieties of clothes are advertised for sale--by individuals; Type of ads for housing in Bucharest being published in the press; Ads about domestic servants and desserts published in Czechoslovakia; Types of ads that British Ministry of Agriculture gets published in the English newspapers; Matrimonial ads that are being published in India.

The article offers information on the developments in international arena. It reports on a poll conducted in Great Britain according to which two-thirds British public wants to stay out of the European Economic Community (EEC). It reports on the U.S. which it states will have an advantage in trading its goods in the European Common Market given Great Britain becomes the member of EEC. It states foreign banks in India may be in danger of nationalization by the Indian government.

This section offers world news briefs related to the war. Great Britain has started the publication, "Britanskaya Chronica" or "The British Chronicle," in Russia. Engineers from the U.S. and Great Britain have completed a new pipeline in India. The U.S. Office of Economic Warfare (OEW) has revalidated licenses to Argentina.

The article presents an overview of the March 9, 1940 issue of "The Nation." In its resolution proclaiming a campaign of civil disobedience unless Britain takes immediate steps to assure India's independence, the Executive Committee of the Indian National Congress has issued a final warning. For months, the Congress leaders have been engaged in futile negotiations with the Viceroy and other British representatives. Both sides have been adamant. The British, while assuring India of their ultimate desire to grant self-government to the Indian people, have insisted that no action could be taken during the war because of the as yet unsolved problem of the Moslem and other minorities.

This article presents a summary of world events during the week of February 1, 1943. The author counters critics of the U.S. lend-lease act that provides economic aid to Allies in World War II. He also expresses support for Spanish prisoners of war in North Africa as well as the citizens of India as they attempt to achieve independence from Great Britain.

The article provides world news briefs. The arms production of the Allies exceeds that of the Axis. U.S. arms production is also increasing. A military plan by Great Britain for India, which was leaked to the press before the official announcement, is discussed. Whether or not the military plan for India will be accepted by the Muslims and Hindus is considered.

The article presents recent developments around the world related to various issues. The U.S. Secretary of State, George C. Marshall recently made a statement in which he challenged all who cling to a policy of drift in the face of Europe's economic crisis. The survival of Spain's dictator, Francisco Franco and his Fascist regime two years after the war's end is an arrogant challenge to the United Nations Assembly which convenes this week. The communal riots in India continue to engage the attention of the governments of India and Pakistan. The latest British by-election, in the edge Hill district of Liverpool, England, it has been said that this was real test of the Labor government's hold and popular support and that the Labor Party had a hard fight on his hands.

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, in his House of Commons speech of March 6, again exposed the insincerity of the Tory case against the government's decision to leave India in 1948. Oppressed by the fact, and unable to deny its truth, that Britain lacks both the force and the desire to govern India against its will, Mr. Churchill could only plead Britain's sacred duty of protecting minorities, presumably in the hope that morality would overcome discretion. The war-time leader once declared that he had not become Prime Minister in order to liquidate the Empire, but in the pinch of absolute necessity he would permit Britain to become the client of the Trusteeship Council.

The more it is concerned, the more wonderful appears the sway of Great Britain over India. Two North Atlantic Islands, smaller in area than the state of California, controlling a territory four thousand miles distant in the torrid zone, thirteen times their size, and with eight times the population. It was a territory held so firmly and yet so lightly as to require but one-twentieth in proportion to population, the display of military force required to attach a component part of that kingdom, professing a common Christianity, and conquered seven hundred years ago.

Focuses on developments in United States and world politics, government and international relations. France's declaration of its position on the treaty to do away with war; Insistence of Great Britain that France work out some agreement with the United States; Objections to the bond-issue plan; Disappointment over the results of universal suffrage in America; Outlook for India as the Sir John Commission finishes the first stage of its task; Conditions of opponents of the Fascist regime in Italy exiled to small islands in the Mediterranean.

As the Queen of England was engulfed in the American woman's magazine myth of the perfect-mother-with-a-perfect-job, back home in England she was losing the argument. The English re-assess their royalty every generation or so, sometimes with the musket and the axe and had chosen this moment to go at it again, though only with the type-writer. A mass-educated democracy, all of whom must fight for the realm, has enormously changed the problem of loyalty to either England or the House of England. This larger mass necessarily assays at the usual rate of cads, cowards, soreheads, screwballs, traitors, though the rate is probably higher in the Balkans, Egypt and India.

This article focuses on the mission of British Chancellor Stafford Cripps to India in March-April 1942. The chief point is that the Congress Party's rejection of the Cripps offer did not mention the promise of the Indian National Government, which Cripps made and then withdrew. The Congress-Party adopted its resolution rejecting the British War Cabinet's proposal on April 1 and gave the resolution to Cripps on April 3. The rejection was complete; Congress, nevertheless, suggested that the resolution remain unpublished and that the negotiations continue.

Focuses on the current political issues in India and its possible impact on the future of the U.S. Discussion of enormous difficulties in the path of the independence movement in the country; Indications from political leader Mahatma Gandhi's new unity proposal; Policy adopted by the labor government of Great Britain in the country; Demand of home rule, expressed in a resolution passed by the National Legislative Assembly at Delhi; Similarity between the racial distinctions drawn by the British in India and against the African Americans in the U.S.

Focuses on the final address by colonial historian Lionel Curtis at the Williams College Institute, of Politics, an apology for imperialism, and specifically for the British Empire as a practical contribution to that ultimate political ideal, a supernational state. Admittance by Curtis that unless the principle of the commonwealth replaces that of empire the whole structure will fall; Observation of the dependence of extension of the principle of commonwealth on self-government; Opinion of Curtis that the presence of India within the Empire was essential to the development of a world state animated by Anglo-Saxon ideals of freedom.

The article presents information on various developments from around the world with an emphasis on international relations. One of the most hopeful events in months is the Franco-German agreement signed at Wiesbaden, Germany on August 27, a sort of supplementary separate peace, negotiated, not by opportunist politicians whose term in office depends upon their histrionic ability to play to the gallery, but by two hard-shelled business men. From the Malabar district in South India come fragmentary dispatches telling of a serious uprising of Moslems against the British rule. Some of the accounts represent the rising as another illustration dl the revival of the militant spirit of Islam.

This article focuses on the debts which were after the end of World War I. In August, 1914, the British deadweight debt was about £650,000,000. Bonar Law, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, estimated last summer that if the war continued, the national debt in March, 1919, would be £8,000,000,000. He calculated that on March 31, 1919, Russia, France, Italy, and the other Allies might owe Great Britain £1,632,000,000, of which he proposed for the time being to reckon only one-half as immediately recoverable. Adding to this the sums lent to the colonies and India's war contributions, he estimated that there would be £1,124,000,000 to be deducted from the gross debt.

The British Parliament has finally passed the Government of India bill, embodying a new constitution for India. U.S. newspapers, following the British lead, speak of this constitution as a reform, as an advance toward self-government. Reading these dispatches, one might be pardoned for believing that the British were about to retire from India with their self-imposed task of tutelage well and faithfully accomplished. But the headlines are more than usually deceptive. In this mid-depression and pre-war era colonies are not so lightly turned adrift, especially when they are strategically and economically as important as India.

Discusses problems faced by the United Nations during the World War II. Impact of the war on the people of the member countries of the United Nations; Organization of sources of strength in democratic movements of Latin America; Role of the United Nations in various parts of Asia; Loss of public support in India and China to the United Nations; Move of China towards totalitarianism and imperialism; Comment on the Indian policy of Great Britain; Resolution of All-India Congress Committee in favor of civil disobedience movement; Support of the United Nations by several Moslem League leaders in India; Transformations in the Indian nationalist movement.

Though the victory of the Labor Party in Great Britain aroused the hopes of the Indian nationalists, they were too much embittered by repeated disappointments to put their trust in any British government. Although the Labor government is committed to Indian independence, the imperialist interests which oppose it are still powerful, especially in the Indian Civil Service, the permanent officialdom of the India Office, and the imperial General Staff. The diehards still think in terms of the past. They imagine that the tide of Indian nationalism will periodically rise, exhaust itself, and recede as it has done many times before. They do not realize that India has undergone fundamental changes since the end of the last war.

Focuses on the resistance of peasants against the imposition of agricultural policies of Great Britain in India. Account of the movement of peasants for tax resistance in Bardoli; Discussion on the system of land tenure, flourishing under the relationship of landlords and peasants; Claim that the peasants are merely tax farmers in the feudal system of land tenure.

Focuses on the Imperial Conference in London, England, that discussed the development of the self-governing part of the British Empire. Proclamation made by statesmen of some dominions regarding their political rights during wars; Discussion of the control which the British home government still in theory possesses over the legislation of the dominions; Possible consequences of the clear mandate won by the Labor Party for the general lines of its foreign policy at the last British general election; Agenda of the Imperial Conference; Attitude of the British government towards granting dominion status to India.

The article focuses on British imperialism in India. To be able to obtain paper freedom from British rule, Indian nationalist leader Mahatma Gandhi and Congress leaders are willing to risk permanent slavery under Japanese rule. Gandhi views British sovereignty in India as a sin. It comments on Gandhi's failure to explain to his people that freedom depends on the success of the United Nations.

The article focuses on the decline in both the domestic and foreign markets for British textiles in 1952. The British textile industry has lost 200,000 workers out of a total of just over one million during the past 12 months. The government plans to introduce new industries such as electronics in weaving towns affected. The losses incurred by the cotton industry was reportedly due to Indian tariffs initiated in 1917 and the rise in Japanese cloth exports.

China for a century and a half has made a gallant fight against opium. She fought two wars to keep out opium from British India. She lost both times, and paid high penalties for her protests. She had to pay indemnities. What was worse, she was forced to open treaty ports which later became the foreign concessions. Into these treaty ports Indian opium flowed by the ton, and the Chinese, bound by the treaties of two unsuccessful wars, could only stand by helpless. Next, China, determined that all her money should not be drained away in the purchase of foreign opium began poppy cultivation herself on a gigantic scale. This meant a double quantity-an immense supply. Things went from bad to worse; China became a nation of addicts, with the consequent poverty and demoralization.

Presents several letters to the editor related to social and political issues of the world. British rule making India unfit for self-rule; Laws related to Japanese immigrants in the U.S.; Establishment of an educational fund to assist Philippine students in the U.S.

Presents several letters to the editor regarding articles published in previous issues of the journal. Discussion about the article written by E. Williamson, regarding significance of India for Great Britain; Information about the politics in Korea and Japan; Clarification regarding C.F. Andrew's book on India and nonviolence.

Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. Discussion of labor strikes in reply to a letter published in October 25, 1922 issue; Comment on a photograph related to the Soviet Union published in journal "New York World"; Comments on the Supreme Court's adoption of the rule allowing a fair return on the fair value of railroads in the U.S.; Discussion of British imperialism in an article published in August 23, 1922 issue; Comments on advertisements requiring hikers.

The article describes the repression period and the realization of the future constitution of India in the 1930s, under the colonial authority of Great Britain. Civil disobedience among Indians has resulted to imprisonment of thousands of people, with reform propaganda sweeping the nation through hidden channels. Despite the prohibition of meetings, the Indians persisted and endured. Moreover, the second policy of the government's policy aimed on retaining support from minorities.

The article presents information on the independence of India. In many ways it has been a memorable fortnight, crowded with big events-the opening of the Constituent Assembly in New Delhi, first Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's magnificent speech outlining its objectives, and the parliamentary debate on India in London. Nehru returned from his dramatic flight to London disappointed but not embittered. America, Australia, and China sent messages of good-will which the chairman read out on the opening day, but none came from Great Britain.

This section offers international news briefs. Credit restrictions have been placed by the British Treasury on foreign companies to make them keep funds in Great Britain and to bring in more money from overseas. According to the Bank of England, foreign companies are permitted to use bank financing only for working capital and that all foreign-controlled firms should submit their annual accounts for examination. The dealings of China's Communist government with countries such as Algeria, India and North Korea are described.

Reports on issues related to the United States' action in matters related to British imperialism in India. Report that in the proposed settlement between Great Britain and India, one of the departments which the former most earnestly seeks to reserve to itself is that of foreign affairs; Information on several reports in newspapers related to British imperialism in India; Report that most of the revolutionary leaders of Indian origin, who were interested in the revolutionary movement in India were arrested, immediately after the United States entered the First World War; Information on the trial of fifty-six Indians among others related to an attempt to ship arms to a German vessel; Report that the British Consul in San Francisco, California offered to furnish the United States authorities with additional information to deport Indians; Report that a terrible, and certainly in part verifiable, account of the treatment of Indians and their American sympathizers by the American police and military authorities under British instigation is given in Agnes Smedley's novel "Daughter of Earth"; View that Great Britain is not fit to govern India, and that her attempt to do so is a source of danger and corruption to herself and other peoples.

Presents letters to the editor. Discussion on new taxes on white collar workers, social workers, teachers and clergymen; Comment on researcher Louis Fischer's articles on India; Suggestion that the U.S. should mediate between Great Britain and India.

The article discusses the political condition of India, after the end of Britishers rule in the country, in 1947. It states that the atmosphere in India is similar to the atmosphere during the British raj, as the Indian government is not able to maintain peace in the country, which was expected after the independence. It mentions that the government announced a share of the economy to private enterprise, however, foreign investors won't be moving in, until the political disintegration is sorted.