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This section offers news briefs related to businesses outside the U.S. as of September 1937. Exporters in Germany fear drastic decline in their performance since an outbreak of hostilities in Shanghai, China was reported. Businesses in London, England expect an improvement in their income despite the increased materials costs during the year. The Russian government launched a program which aims to promote the daily production of several commodities like coal, steel and oil.

Presents socio-political and economic news from the world. Report that the visit of French Premier Pierre Laval to Berlin, Germany, was important because it symbolized the desideratum of European recovery and stability--Franco-German rapprochement; Report that the Scandinavian countries which have followed Great Britain off the gold standard have done so primarily because they were in a similar situation; Report that the principal loss which Great Britain suffers as a result of the abandonment of the gold standard arises, not from the fall, but from the fluctuation in the exchange value of the pound; Efforts to bring peace and conciliation between Japan and China in the wake of the war in Manchuria, China; Cancellation of the biennial meeting of the Institute of Pacific Relations due to the Manchurian episode; Profiles U.S. educator and ichthyologist, David Starr Jordan; Speculation on Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's visit to Lancashire, England; Report that for many weeks, the civil authorities of Harlan, Kentucky, who are openly allied with the coals mine owners against the striking miners, have exercised a press censorship; Economic situation of Detroit, Michigan and its consequences on public; Criticism of Governor of California for putting the district attorney Charles M. Fickert, on the state pay roll; Criticism of the cutting of trees in the U.S. for constructions on land.

The article presents some papers on political issues. One of the papers highlights the problem of Albania placed before the world's tribunal. Albania has become an object of intense covetousness on the part of its neighbors. The various Balkan states, Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, and, to a lesser extent, Bulgaria, have been eyeing the Albanian territories ever since they resolved upon a policy of expansion. Another paper discusses the future of Kiaochow, the territory which Germany leased from China in 1897 for ninety-nine years and which was captured by the Anglo-Japanese forces at the outbreak of the World War I.

The article focuses international relation. Confidential dispatches were received at the U.S. State Department, which are said to confirm the general tone of the forecasts of the German reply to the American note cabled by correspondents from Berlin, Germany. Whether the relaxation of activity by German submarines during the past two weeks represents the normal period of respite, respite from Nepenthe, which succeeds strenuous days. It indicates an intention on the part of Germany to moderate her submarine warfare. Dispatches from China on Monday revealed the fact that in the middle of May, during the crisis between China and Japan, an identical warning had been conveyed to both countries that the United States would not recognize any agreement, which impaired American rights in China or endangered the policy of the open door.

Presents information on the Kuomintang concentration camps. Demands for the abolition of the concentration camps by the democratic forces of China; Comparison of the Kuomintang concentration camps with the Nazi concentration camps; Publication of the works of Kathe Kollwitz, German artist on the protest against the oppression of the people by fascists, whether German or Chinese.

Focuses on political developments in the world. Statement that men at the front, especially in the Pacific, complain that the people back home have not the slightest conception of what goes on out there, and the complaint is at the basis of the widening non-comprehension between civilian and returning soldier which has been remarked by several observers; Discussion of the damage done to shipping in the Inland Sea with details of the carrier strikes there; Evidence from Germany on the question of how far the Japanese capacity to resist can be destroyed by air attack from Okinawa or any other place; Discussion of the American delegation at San Francisco that has now explained its unfortunate stand against conceding that independence is a desirable ideal, and putting that fact into the charter of the new security organization; Statement that the Americans say they are in favor of steps toward self-government, which might end in independence if the people involved should want it, or might not; Description of the questions of trusteeship and regional security that have been successfully solved at San Francisco and that the Conference is going on with its task to set up an effective international security organization; Information on the Veterans' Administration in regard to the handling of men in the veterans' hospitals; Information on the Lend-Lease shipments of the U.S. that were sent to the Soviet Union; Focus on the sweeping decision of the Interstate Commerce Commission to equalize class freight rates as between the East on the one hand and the South and the West on the other; Statement that China had decided to revalue the gold value of her currency and used the time intervening between the decision and the announcement to make huge profits; Discussion of the promise of British Foreign Minister Anthony Eden regarding a unity government that would be formed in Greece with a program of reconciliation and representation of a liberation movement.

The article provides an overview of the business conditions around the world in 1949. Topics discussed include the view of French businessmen on the possibility of Third Force politicians' control of the country's national affairs, stiff competition facing entrepreneurs in London, England, business prospects in China, foreign investment in Germany, and five year economic plan in Russia.

The Shantung Question arises out of the following provision of the Peace Treaty: Germany renounces, in favor of Japan, all her rights, title and privileges, particularly those concerning the territory of Kiaochow, railways, mines, and submarine cables, which she acquired in virtue of the treaty concluded by her with China on March 6, 1898. The "rights, title and privileges" in question are exclusively those which Germany had, on China's domestic territory and within the sphere of its sovereignty, by treaty with China and by arrangements with the other states having influence in China.

Presents news briefs, related to socio-political developments of several nations. Prohibition of sanctions against Italy, until League Council meets on January 20; Declaration of Germany that there would be no air pact between Germany and Great Britain until Germany's lost colonies were restored and the responsibility-for-the-war clause eliminated from the Versailles Treaty; Demonstration of high-school and college students denouncing Japanese aggression and calling upon the central government for active resistance continued throughout China; Significance of the January first, for several political decisions in the U.S.; Plans of the organization National Peace Conference to continue the present embargo on actual arms and munitions to all belligerents; Comments made by journalist William Randolph Hearst, on the link of communists with kidnapping; Resignation of James G. McDonald as League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees from Germany; Method used by France to dissolve armed fascist leagues within the framework of democracy; Amendments for :he confiscation of collective as well as individual armaments in France; Efforts of District Central Labor Union of Columbia to fight against reenactment of the teachers' oath law; Employment status of women graduates from the Purdue University.

This article offers world news briefs. Germany purports that an invading expedition is at the mercy of a superior air force. The Chinese dollar has been depreciating in value. Researchers discuss liberating the energy in the atom to obtain a source of power superior to any known in the past. Additionally, a series of hearings in Washington, D.C. contend with the problem of migratory farm labor.

Presents news from the world. View of U.S. President Herbert Hoover on the new bonus legislation; Information on the Herndon-Pangborn case of spying in the ongoing Japanese war in Manchuria; Report that the famous drop a crop cotton plan of Governor Huey Long of Louisiana has received its death blow at the hands of Governor of Texas and his supporters in the Texas state legislature; Report that the collapse of the Long plan has been a useful corrective to many people carried away by the success with which Governors of Oklahoma and Texas, have reduced oil production in those states and increased the price by more than 100 percent; Controversy on the letter of Hoover to the newspaper "The New York Times," on its eightieth birthday; Campaign of the people of Westchester County, New York, to compel reduction of their electric light rates; Repudiation of the inhabitants of Coalton, Ohio, on the issue of high fuel gas rates; Information on the Chicago, Illinois organization--The Federation of American Business Men; Information on a convention in Rethel, in the French Ardennes, at which several hundred delegates from the intellectuals of France and Germany, met on their own initiative to discuss ways of effecting a Franco-German entente.

Presents information related to political developments taking place around the world. Celebration in Italy over the settlement of the Italian war debt to this country; Estimation of the amount that the United States will actually get in return for the money loaned to Italy during the war; Participation of New England industrially in a conference held at Worcester; Chances of the acceptance of the Locarno agreements in Germany; Details of the conference held at Peking in regard to the granting of customs autonomy to China.

Focuses on various political developments in the world with emphasis on the political condition in the U.S. Danger of permanent military occupation of Rhineland by France; Suggestion by U.S. secretary of the treasury Andrew William Mellon on reduction of super-tax; Difficulty in collecting income tax due to war time fiscal policy in the U.S.; View of U.S. President Warren Gamaliel Harding regarding the long interval which elapses between the election of a Congress and its first session; Hearing on a bill toward economic justice and practical stability before the U.S. Committee on Banking and Currency; Demilitarization of the Dardanelles; Capture of Tsingtao and surrounding territory by Chinese bandits; Disclosure of information about supply of arms just before Japanese were to leave Siberia; Civil war execution of Richard Barrett, Joseph McKelvey, Liam Mellowes and Rory O'Connor by the Irish government.

The article focuses on several issues related to the First World War. Nothing more salutary has happened for a long time in high governmental circles than the sentencing of six Bulgarian war ministers to life imprisonment at hard labor, in addition to which they were assessed the tidy fine of 32,700,000,000 lira, some of the war damage done to their country when they put it into the World War on the side of Germany. There are hitches and double hitches about the liquidation of the wartime entanglements of China. The Washington agreements brought about the abandonment of the British-Japanese alliance, which was a relief to China, but the business of getting Great Britain out of Wei-hai-wei and Japan out of Kiao-ehau has moved more slowly.

Focuses on military alliance between Japan and the Axis and threats offered by its' occupation of northern Indo-China. Political interests shared by Germany and Japan; Prospects for Japan in Far East; Threat of a Japanese attack on Poland; Effect of the Japanese war in China on its economy; Need for a Anglo-American-Soviet front in the Far East to avoid a war with Japan.

The article presents social and political developments around the world. The article presents information on reports of German brutalities in China, which continue to appear from day to day. Germany's officials in oldest colony have come home to be punished more or less lightly for inconceivably cruel crimes committed upon native men and women. The magnificent German army is a machine built up on blind obedience and brute force. The article also discusses about the reelection of presidential candidate William McKinley as the U.S. president. The reelection will end the war in Philippines. It was said that the democratic party and politician William Jennings Bryan are alone responsible for the continuance of the fighting.

The article reports on the latest business developments and activities outside of the U.S. as of December 26, 1936. It claims that the global business climate is strong, with solid performance in such countries as Chile, Great Britain and Japan. It cites that the only major threat to the booming economy is the possibility of war as shown in the public threat of Germany against the Soviet Union and the volatile situation in China. The situations in the global mining and agricultural industries, among others, are also cited.

This section offers news briefs related to the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) in the U.S. in December 1948. The ECA has allocated the remaining recovery funds to the recovery needs of China and 16 European countries for the first quarter of 1949. ECA chief Paul Hoffman faced a hostile press from Europe over the issue of further dismantling the plants of Germany for reparations. The ECA appointed Ebasco Services Inc. to determine how Greece can best use its potential electric power.

China's projected entrance into the war is a political, if not a military, event of far-reaching significance. Coming almost simultaneously with the Russian Revolution, it signalizes a readjustment of political power in the Far East which is almost a new chapter in diplomatic history. Americans should particularly take heart at China's frank and spontaneous association of her foreign policy with our own. She has broken with Germany over exactly the same issue which caused the break with us-the extension of the submarine warfare.

This article focuses on several news brief on world politics. Interchange of communications on the question of the Yarrowdale prisoners in Germany has finally elicited the fact that four, who were treated as officers, have already crossed the frontier into Denmark. The rest were nominally freed on February 16, but, according to the German statement, have been detained in quarantine on account of infectious disease having broken out in the camp where they were interned. China's adhesion to the Entente may apparently be expected shortly, although as we write there appears to be a clash of opinion between the President and his Cabinet. Dispatches from Peking stated that the Cabinet had voted unanimously for breaking off diplomatic relations with Germany, but that the President had refused to approve the action on the ground that such power rested entirely with him, whereupon the Premier and some of his colleagues resigned.

The article offers information on the problems being faced by Japan since its trade agreement with the U.S. lapsed on January 26, 1940. As stated, the Japanese government is resenting the loan of 20,000,000 dollars provided to China from the U.S. Export-Import Bank. Moreover, Germany's trade with China has led to another set back for Japan as the German machinery is no longer available to it.

Presents several letters to the editor. Democratic education to build up a new era in Germany; Misstatements concerning Reed College.

Describes journalist Walter Lippmann as an appeaser and a defeatist whenever the U.S. has been faced with a demonstration of Communist aggression. Definitions of appeaser and defeatist; Mistake he committed in his judgment of Germany; His stance on Red China's bombardment of the Quemoy group of offshore islands.