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The article discusses the history and development of mass media in the Caribbean Commonwealth. It says that "Weekly Courant" was the first newspaper in the British Caribbean that was published as early as 1717. It states that Saint Christopher, the first British settlement had its first press in 1747. It mentions reasons for the late development of media that should be postulated, which includes press does not need to disseminate informations on smaller islands, colonizers were not important to have used of the printed word, and impact of the presses give fears to the government.

This paper analyzes the prospects for democracy in four emergent Caribbean nations. Near the end of the eighteenth century the words "liberal," "radical," and "progressive" did not exist, but their meanings were contained within the term democrat which was just then coming into popular usage. When moderates or conservatives wished to indicate the dangerous drift of the times, or when the more advanced spirits spoke of themselves, they might very well use the words democrat or democracy. Today, in the latter half of the twentieth century, there exists a plethora of terms in common parlance to refer to various shades and meanings of these concepts, and there are the pseudo-aristocrats, heirarchically-minded authoritarians, and reactionaries who abhor democrats and democracy as being dangerously progressive and dedicated to the ruination of orderly and proper governance of society. But now, in the Age of Nation-Building and Development, the more advanced spirits, at least in most of the developing areas, are not often democrats either, by any reasonable definition of that term, but seem intent upon establishing undemocratic political systems not wholly unlike those of some of their ideological opponents.

Two species of the siphonaceous chlorophyte Ostreobium inhabiting the aragonite skeletons of Atlantic and Caribbean reef corals were studied. Ostreobium quekettii Bornet & Flahault has been previously reported from these locations, but the species is here amended to include filament forms previously described under the name O. reineckei Bornet. Ostreobium constrictum sp. N. is described here for the first time. The 2 sympatric species are distinguished on the basis of filament morphology and chloroplast form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on fertility trends and conjugal relations in the British Caribbean. It re-evaluates the currently held view that unstable forms of conjugal unions depress fertility in the British Caribbean. Previous investigations overlooked the important variable of persistent male shortages at the mating ages caused by heavy male emigration. Fertility trends are observed and the conclusion is reached that male emigration has not adversely affected fertility because the "informal" polygynous character of the mating system acts as an intermediate variable mitigating the effect of the independent variable on fertility. It is argued that a trend toward greater stability in conjugal relations would not result in higher fertility because permanent female celibacy and the average age of first entry into sexual unions for females would rise. The article concludes both male shortages and the persistence of marital instability are caused by social and economic factors which are not likely to change in the near future.

The article focuses on structured imbalances of gratification considering the Caribbean mating system. A description and analysis of the sex life of Negro peasants in a community of Eastern Trinidad reveals that a social system that is based on complementarity between sexual partners presents such asymmetry that its equilibrium is extremely precarious. The notion of equilibrium, if useful at all, must be seen in relation to those disequilibrating forces which seemingly stable systems create in the course of their operation. Sexual encounters have a dualistic quality for women; sexual experiences, while intrinsically pleasurable, have a possible unfortunate consequence: pregnancy. For men, sexual encounters are intrinsically enjoyable and are avenues to social applause. Since men and women are equals in a sexual encounter, its rewards are equalized by defining women as giving and men taking sex. The richer the peasant the more he can afford sexual affairs, the more his promises are believed and the more affairs he actually has.

Discusses the role of transactions as indicators or predictors of international political integration. Proponents of transaction analysis; Classical concern for political unification through the construction of supranational institutions; Degree of institutionalization achieved between two states; Existence of political institutions capable of translating ideologies into law.

Studies the legal and institutional relationship between the European Economic Community (EEC) and the EEC-associated Caribbean in 1969. Economic impacts of the relationship on the economies of the countries involved; Repercussion of various EEC policy decisions on the export commodities of the area; Financial assistance given by EEC.

The article focuses on the issues raised by wage-price analysis in structurally dependent economies in the Caribbean. In this study certain aspects of the labor productivity-wage-price theorem which have become topical and controversial in Caribbean countries are considered. These economies are described as structurally dependent, in the sense that they display a wide difference between the structure of their production and the structure of their consumption, the ratio of exports plus imports to gross domestic product being very high. The theme is the conflict between the consequences of a macro-economic and a micro-economic formulation of an incomes policy in economies which have those characteristics. In particular, this will involve an attempt to clarify some of the ways in which export and import prices affect the problems in those countries. It is further noted in the article that in the Caribbean countries, like many other less developed countries, exports of goods and services account directly for a major portion of the gross domestic product. In Trinidad and Tobago the export ratio is 7 percent, in Guyana and Jamaica 50 per cent. In export industries the value product per labor input has changed independently of the labor productivity measure.

Within the Caribbean region, there is an ever-growing awareness of problems which have been brought about by increasing population pressures and limited economic development. This study attempts to analyze the underlying cultural conditions-especially French governmental policies and social structure of Guadeloupean society-that affect, and have affected, agricultural production on Guadeloupe. The study illustrates how these conditions have changed in their impact from time to time, creating different circumstances of crop production.

Discusses how the geographical features of the Caribbean Area and the Panama Canal can be used to defend the area from warfare. Islands that separate the Caribbean from the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean; Historical attempts to invade the area; Climatic conditions in the region; Entrances to the area from the northward; Possible lines of attack.