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The article features the vision testing project, sponsored in collaboration by the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, the U.S. Children's Bureau of the Federal Security Agency, and the Missouri Division of Public Health. The study is intended to evaluate and assess methods and instruments employed to examine the vision of school children who may need eye care.

The article evaluates the methods of testing children's vision. The Snellen test for distance visual acuity was given by the classroom teacher. Whether the students passed or failed any screening test, they will receive an eye examination by a team of oculists in the eye department of Washington University. The Massachusetts Vision Test checks usable distance vision on a Snellen chart, which screens for hypermetropia using plus lenses, and test for vertical and horizontal balance of the extraocular muscles at distance.