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This article presents abstracts of several papers about economics published in the July 1965 of the journal Zeitschrift Für Die Gesamte Staatswissenschaft. In the article The Optimal Location of Industry: An Interregional Linear Program for the West German Paper Industry, Heinz König and Rainer Thoss gave a general formulation of an interregional optimization model and discussed the advantages and limitations of this method of regional analysis. While in the article Development Theories of Balanced and Unbalanced Growth: A Confrontation, Lutz Hoffman reviewed the discussion on balanced growth and unbalanced growth.

The article comments on the paper "Waiting and the Period of Production," by Robert Dofman in the August 1959 issue of the "Quarterly Journal of Economics." Just as postwar West Germany has been a leading example of a comparatively unregulated economy, so it has been a principal source of academic literature extolling the virtues of competitive markets and economic co-ordination via unregulated prices. A flood of crusading books, pamphlets and papers attests to the numbers and energies of economists whose social theories and policy recommendations differ radically from those for which their homeland was earlier famous. Neoliberal teachings do not constitute a completely standardized product; disagreement on matters of detail is common and that on more important questions is not rare. But, on the whole, agreement--and repetition--is impressive. The West German crusade is perhaps the outstanding example of non-socialist academicians banding together to fight for and against economic programs.

Presents information related to several articles on economics. Economic growth and productivity in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Germany and Japan in the post war period; Dividend policies of electric utility firms; Relationship between the quantity of materials imported by the United States and the level of industrial production and prices of imports.

This paper is centered on two major theses—The formal social security system is a minor factor in the quest for economic stability, and the utility of a social security system such as that toward which people are tending is dubious unless economic stability is attained. Those who have lived through two world wars scarcely need be reminded of what wars do to economic stability. The victorious nations emerge to face situations which from the standpoint of what ought to be done and how it should be done are more difficult than war itself. Political divisions among the victorious allies and among the people of a single victorious nation are broadened and intensified and lead to bitter controversies. As to the vanquished, many will recall studies of the social security legislation of Germany prior to the first World War and possibly the admiration for the efficiency that country had attained in the administration of government. The example of Germany today does not greatly advance the cause of those who would have the United States follow the policies adopted in Western Europe.

The article provides information on various journals related to economics and sociology. The "Economic Journal" contains papers by economist R.L. Wedgwood that discusses the statistics of railway costs. He analyses the recent returns of traffic and receipts, and contends that a more scientific statistical system should be introduced. Economist H.W. Macrosty submits proposals for an economic survey of Great Britain and physician Jacques Dumas discusses the present state of the land system in France. The "International Journal of Ethics" shares the views of economists. Professor J.S. Mackensie gives his opinion that late Edward Cuird has built up a solid treasure-house of wisdom that will outlast many erections in breadth of knowledge, balance and judgment, maturity of insight and power of luminous expression. Professor F. Tidily figures out the late Friedrich Paulsen, as child of a hardy, frugal, clear-headed and warm-hearted seafaring race who gave philosophical expression to the ideals of a stock from which so many intellectual leaders of the old fatherland had sprung, and upon the integrity of which the future glory of Germany depends.

This article discusses various aspects of the role of fiscal and monetary policy in German economic recovery. One of the prerequisites of economic recovery, but by no means the only one, was the restoration of a workable currency. The spectacular increase in production and delivery through legitimate channels of trade and the achievement of substantial price stability in spite of rapid decontrol of prices demonstrate the immediate success of currency reform. From the beginning of the debate on currency reform for Germany it was recognized, however, that restoration of a new, stable money was an important, but by no means the only, contribution currency reform had to make towards German economic rehabilitation and recovery. Other objectives, were restoring incentives to save and channeling scarce funds into capital investments of the highest economic priority. It was also necessary to assure a distribution of incomes and goods which would provide sufficient rewards to farmers and workers for productive efforts and at the same time meet the minimum demands of equity.

The article focuses on the view of German economists regarding the wage-fund doctrine. Among English economists, there has been a singular neglect of the treatment of the subject by their German associates. It is the object of the article to follow the peculiar development of German thought, and to consider the significance and the value of the treatment of wages which has become a traditional part of it. To understand the views of any writer on the whole range of subjects of which the wages-fund doctrine is a part, it is needful to consider his views on the nature and functions of capital at large, and more particularly on the place in the analysis of capital of finished commodities consumed by laborers. A step in the right direction has been taken in very recent times by a German thinker, who has broken with the traditions of his predecessors in more than one part of economic theory. The thinker's brilliant analysis of the capital of a community, of social capital and of private capital, of the length of time over which the period of production is spread, of the whole possessions of the community as constituting one great subsistence fund, of the steadily issuing flow of consumable commodities which constitutes the real income of every class in the community, all is admirable, and a long step towards a better understanding of the phenomena of distribution.

The article presents notes and memoranda on various issues related to economics, as of April 1893. The growth of the larger cities, together with the steady increase of socialism, is forcing to the front the ugly problem of Arbeitslosigkeit or unemployment in Germany. In Parliament during the past three sittings the debates have largely turned upon this question. The government, as well as all parties except certain members of the Freisinnige group, admit the fact of wide-spread and serious want among the city laborers. At least eleven cities have been compelled to adopt extraordinary measures of relief, and the utterances of several mayors have unusual significance. In two cities, Magdeburg and Mannheim, interesting experiments have been made, which are likely to throw light upon a very threatening difficulty which is showing itself throughout Europe in sinister proportions. The annual meeting of the American Economic Association will be held this year at Chicago in the course of the week from September 11-16. As the sessions of the International Statistical Institute, in which American economists have a strong interest, are also to take place in the same week, the more precise announcement of time and place for the Economic Association has been reserved, to await a complete adjustment of the programmes of the two bodies.

This article focuses on various economic activities in different countries. The German Empire has at last grappled with the difficulties which have arisen from the sugar tax and bounty, and has put the bounty system in the way of ultimate extinction. It will be remembered that the peculiarities of the situation arose because the excise on beet sugar was in the form of a tax on the raw beets while the drawback on the export of sugar made from the beets was excessive, being virtually a bounty on exportation. The drawback, as fixed in 1869, was calculated on the assumption that it required twelve pounds of beets to make one pound of sugar. What, so far as the American continent is concerned, is a novel experiment, has been this year tried in Toronto, Ontario. The city authorities assumed for a time the management of the street railway. The steps which led to the experiment and the details of the case are interesting from an economic point of view, as indicating a secondary stage in the development of this peculiar industry. In 1861 the legislature of Ontario passed an act incorporating the Toronto Street Railway Company, which at once began operations.

Presents economic policies of Germany as of January 1963. Interdependence of industry and agriculture in West Germany; Relation between productivity, wage rates and balanced growths.

The article cites a study conducted by the Industrial Relations Center of the University of Chicago, Illinois, which focuses on drawing a comparison between the management styles of two steel companies: Indiana Harbor Works, located in East Chicago, Indiana, and Dortmund-Hörde Huttenunion (DHHU), located in Dortmund, Germany. The companies are nearly the same size, in that they retain a similar number of employees, but the production standards experienced by DHHU are far greater than those of Inland. It is suggested that the reason for this divergence has to do with the use of different machinery and different manufacturing processes. A chart comparing top and middle management employees working at both companies is provided. The formal educational training of executives is discussed.

This article focuses on recent trends in the literature of German economics. No shortcut is open to the reviewer of economic literature written in German. Though most of the writing naturally comes from Germany, accuracy would require the constant use of such clumsy phrases as "economic theory in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland" or "economic theory in the German-speaking countries." To simplify matters the word German frequently needs to stand for developments in all three countries. It would be much easier for the reviewer of current economic thinking in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland to arrange his material if there were any clear-cut "schools" that originated in these countries in the postwar period. At the turn of the century the "Austrian school," the German "historical school," the "Kathedersozialisten," the intense Marxist controversy, outside the universities, would have provided obvious starting points for a panorama of German economic theory. Today there are no such definite German "schools," neoliberalism perhaps being the only exception. But neoliberalism has little to offer in the field of economic theory that is new. The main stress of the neoliberal writings lies on programmatic aspects.

The article attempts to determine the solutions for the economic problem in Germany. It discusses the six possible solutions for the problem, of which only three solutions are seem to be realistic. One is the plan agreed upon by the Big Three in August 1945 at Potsdam. Second is against the Potsdam plan because of its alleged incompatibility with fairly interpreted German and European economic needs. Finally, to treat Germany it would consist in the perpetuation of its disruption.