18 results
Search Results
2. NUCLEI-FORMATION OF COMMUNIST CHINA'S IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY.
- Author
-
Kuei-Sheng Chang
- Subjects
IRON industry ,METAL industry ,CAPITAL ,STEEL industry ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The iron and steel manufacturing apparatus in mainland China has been developed through several major stages, each of which manifests a distinctive pattern underlined by certain overriding factors. From the embryonic period at the turn of this century to World War II, transportation, capital availability, and market condition were alternately the chief determinant in the location of this industry. Since the Communist take-over and through the various construction and expansion programs, particularly as a result of the development of new resources, a new pattern has taken shape which tends to guide the future growth of this industry. This paper offers a locational analysis of the major nuclei in the emerging pattern and their effect upon the development of the secondary centers in the various regions of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. CHINA'S NATIONAL INCOME: A SURVEY OF ESTIMATES.
- Author
-
Luey, Paul
- Subjects
NATIONAL income ,FLOW of funds ,ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
A number of official and Western estimates of China's national income for the period since 1949 are at present available. The official estimates are based on the Marxian production concept while the Western estimates are, in the main, based on the comprehensive production concept. The periods covered by the estimates vary; and even in cases where the periods covered are the same, the estimates vary in magnitude and, in most cases, in the implied rate of economic growth. Apart from differences arising from the different national income concepts and definitions employed in individual estimates, sources of discrepancies between series of estimates can be traced to the particular sets of primary data employed and also to the particular procedures followed in estimating the national income components. The present paper brings together the various estimates available to date and indicates for each, as far as possible, the basic production concept adopted, the particular national income aggregates estimated, the basic estimation approach employed, and the special procedures used for estimating some of the components of national income. Comparisons of the major series of estimates for the period 1952-1959 are made and the sources of disrepancies between the series are discussed. Finally, some problems are described which a researcher in the West has to contend with in working on China's national income accounting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1971
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Economic Realities and China's Political Economics.
- Author
-
Dernberger, Robert F.
- Subjects
CULTURAL Revolution, China, 1966-1976 ,ECONOMICS ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,PRODUCTION management (Manufacturing) - Abstract
The author reflects on the impact of Cultural Revolution on the economy of China. He assessed that the Revolution could be considered as a temporary interruption to the development programs of the country. High labor-to-land ratio led to the adoption of labor-intensive production methods causing high yields per unit of land but low yields per man. He argued that it disrupted the transportation of inputs and controlled the agricultural sector though no intervention has been done within the sector.
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. PERIODICALS: Mining; Manufacturing; Construction.
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,MINERAL industries ,MANUFACTURED products ,PERIODICALS ,AIRCRAFT industry ,MINES & mineral resources ,NONFERROUS metals - Abstract
This article presents a list of papers related to mining, manufacturing and construction. Some of the papers are "Postwar status of the aircraft industry," by W.A.M.Burden; "Mineral resources of China, with special reference to the nonferrous metals," by K-P Wang and "Wartime development of the aircraft industry."
- Published
- 1945
6. Marxism and China.
- Author
-
Hoste, Dixon
- Subjects
COMMUNISM ,MARXIST philosophy ,CONFUCIANISM ,WEALTH ,YIN-yang ,CHINESE philosophy ,ECONOMICS ,HISTORY of communism - Abstract
The article discusses Communism in China, examining the question of links between Marxism and traditional Chinese thought. It examines Confucian economic doctrine, commenting on Chinese politician and philosopher Confucius' ideas on property, land, and the distribution of wealth. Other Chinese thinkers, including Wang Fu-chi and Pao Ching-yen, are also considered. The author addresses the idea of the unity of opposites, noting the Yin-Yang principle, and comments on philosopher and economist Karl Marx's Law of Increasing Misery and Law of the Concentration of Capital.
- Published
- 1951
7. ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION IN WARTIME CHINA.
- Author
-
Fong, H. D.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC recovery ,SINO-Japanese War, 1937-1945 ,ECONOMIC conditions in China -- 1912-1949 ,MILITARY occupation ,AGRICULTURAL sociology ,ECONOMIC history ,INDUSTRIES ,NATURAL resource policy ,TRANSPORTATION management ,WORLD War II & economics ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The article discusses the differences in reconstruction in wartime China between Japanese Occupied China and Free China. The author first looks at the differences between Occupied China and Free China before the invasion of Japan. Occupied China was much more modern and industrialized, while Free China was more traditional in its agricultural roots. Under the reign of Japan, Occupied China has succeeded in consolidating its transportation system and exploiting China's natural resource reserves. In agriculture, however, Japan has failed almost everywhere, whereas Free China has succeeded introducing industry, building a transport system, and having increased prosperity in agriculture.
- Published
- 1942
8. SILVER AND THE BUSINESS DEPRESSION.
- Author
-
Leavens, Dickson H.
- Subjects
SILVER ,GREAT Depression, 1929-1939 ,PRICE level changes ,SUPPLY-side economics ,HOARDING of money ,WORLD War I ,PURCHASING power ,QUANTITY theory of money ,BUSINESS conditions ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,BUSINESS cycles ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The article discusses some of the factors which influence the price of silver during the world-wide economic depression of 1929-1931. The reduction of the price of silver compared to its pre-World War I price is discussed, as well as the world-wide consumption of silver. Fluctuations in the quality and supply of silver affecting price are discussed. The effects of hoarding in India, price depreciation in Mexico and South America, and foreign trade in China on the price of silver and purchasing power are also examined.
- Published
- 1931
9. Showdown in the Orient.
- Author
-
Waldstein, George
- Subjects
EAST-West trade ,BALANCE of trade ,FOREIGN aid (American) ,COMMUNISM ,COMMUNISM & international relations ,BALANCE of payments ,COLD War, 1945-1991 ,NATIONAL security ,ECONOMICS ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations - Abstract
The article reports on East-West trade and the Free World's interest in Japan as part of a military defense strategy. There is concern about the deficit in Japan's sterling account and balance of payments in 1953. Opposition to Japanese trade with countries in the Communist Bloc is due to the West's trade sanctions and the possibility that economic or political cooperation with communist China could result in a security threat to the United States. Topics include the Japanese export program and American economic aid to Japan.
- Published
- 1954
10. Effects of the Embargo on Soviet Trade.
- Author
-
Spulber, Nicolas
- Subjects
EMBARGO ,EAST-West trade ,RESTRAINT of trade ,COMMERCIAL policy ,COLD War, 1945-1991 ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,EXPORT controls ,COMMUNIST countries ,TERMS of trade ,EXPORT & import trade of commercial products ,DEPENDENCY theory (International relations) ,COMMUNISM ,ECONOMICS ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The article examines the United States' restrictive trade policy with Communist-dominated countries. The purpose of the American embargo policy is to stop all trade between East and West, but Western European countries are reluctant to join. The Western bloc are concerned with: traditional trading patterns that make countries dependent on trade with the East; trade with the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe that could alleviate the dollar gap and allow raw materials to be imported from non-dollar areas; and East-West trade that can prevent "price softness" and heavy inventories as well as strengthen commodity prices. Topics include the 1949 Export Control Act, trade with China, and contraband activity.
- Published
- 1952
11. The Economic Development of Manchuria: The Rise of a Frontier Economy.
- Author
-
Eckstein, Alexander, Kang Chao, and Chang, John
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,INDUSTRIALIZATION ,ECONOMICS ,ECONOMIC conditions in China - Abstract
Examines the economic development of Manchuria, China between 1860 and 1960. Types of development patterns; Economic benefits of industrialization.
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
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12. The Communist Bloc.
- Subjects
COMMUNISM ,ECONOMIC forecasting ,AGRICULTURE ,ECONOMICS ,INDUSTRIES - Abstract
The article presents a reference guide for China. Names of publishers of books and the addresses of periodicals are provided to aid readers. Listings include only basic material, not news items or reports of transitory significance. "The Experiment That is Shaking Communist China" is analysis of China's commune system. In "Red China Beckons Its Neighbors," by Albert Ravenholt, Filippino visitors to China report on industry, agriculture, economics and politics there. In "A Note on Statistical Techniques in Communist China," by Sidney Klein, the weaknesses and strengths of statistical methods used and data published by Communist China are analyzed. In "Production and Organization in China," Douglas Sun types of factory administration and organization of the manufacturing processes are discussed. "Car-Hungry Russians Yield to Export Push" is a report on Russian entry into exporting cars and on the auto industry and market at home. "An Index of Soviet Construction, 1927/28 to 1955," by Raymond P. Powell, is a statistical analysis of cost changes in an important sector of the Soviet economy.
- Published
- 1959
13. Industrial Development of Mainland China 1912-1949.
- Author
-
Chang, John K.
- Subjects
INDUSTRIALIZATION ,ECONOMIC conditions in China ,COMMUNISM ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Focuses on the industrial development during the pre-Communist period in Mainland China. Characteristics of the economy in Communist China; Industrialization in the country; Economic significance of industrial development.
- Published
- 1967
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. INDIA AND CHINA: CONTRASTS IN DEVELOPMENT PERFORMANCE.
- Author
-
Malenraum, Wilfred
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,DEVELOPING countries ,PUBLIC investments ,ECONOMIC structure ,ECONOMICS ,STRUCTURAL unemployment - Abstract
The article discusses problems of economic growth in the poorer nations that became a major foreign policy concern of the wealthy and powerful nations of the world. The relative progress in the development of the two countries, India and China, is of great significance. There were strong parallels in their preplan structure and strong contrasts between China's totalitarian and India's democratic programs. Their performance relative to one another may influence the programs adopted by other, now less advanced, countries. It will certainly bear upon the United States and Soviet foreign policies. Furthermore, the record of the course of development in these two lands provides a unique opportunity for examining the process of development as such. Structural unemployment, underutilized resources, overurbanization, nonmonetized savings and investment flows-these are illustrative of the types of problems that must be understood and treated if there are to be steady output gains in most of today's underdeveloped areas.
- Published
- 1959
15. Communist China's Economic Growth in Perspective.
- Author
-
Yoder, Amos
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMICS ,ECONOMIC indicators ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The article focuses on communist China's economic growth. The purpose of this article is to throw light on communist China's asserted economic growth by comparing it with that of the Republic of China, Hong Kong, and Japan. This is not to minimize in any way the Indian development, which has been rapid during the Nineteen Fifties and which has given very encouraging evidence to Asia of what can be accomplished with free institutions. It is merely an attempt to put Communist China's claimed economic progress back into focus. It should be emphasized that this article does not intend to analyze how effective the Chinese communists have been in improving their military potential even though this appears to be a primary aim of their economic policy. Instead this report intends to outline an approach for analyzing the relative effectiveness of the Chinese communist system in promoting economic growth; it is this latter question that appears to be most hotly debated. It appears that many analysts are convinced that just because a regime can hold down consumption, theoretically it should, therefore, be promoting a large volume of sound investment and a huge growth potential.
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The Rice of Szechwan.
- Subjects
WARLORDISM ,ECONOMIC trends ,ECONOMICS - Published
- 1941
17. CHINESE BUSINESS.
- Subjects
BUSINESSMEN ,COINAGE ,SMUGGLING ,BLACK market in foreign exchange ,ECONOMICS ,CORRUPTION ,COMMERCE - Abstract
The article discusses the impact of Chinese businessmen on the commerce in the Philippines as of October 15, 1950. Topics include their purchase of metal coinage during the currency changes decreed by the Central bank of the Philippines, their dollar smuggling which resulted in black market in U.S. dollars, as well as their control of U.S. imported goods.
- Published
- 1950
18. Exports Affected by "Self-Sufficiency" Plans.
- Author
-
PEIRCE, F. LAMONT
- Subjects
AUTARCHY ,EXPORTS ,CENTRAL economic planning ,UNITED States economy, 1918-1945 ,BOARDS of trade ,INDIAN merchants (Asians) ,TWENTIETH century ,ECONOMICS ,HISTORY - Abstract
The article discusses the effect of national movements toward economic self-sufficiency on the value of exports from the United States in 1931. Topics mentioned include statistics for American exports in 1914, 1930, and 1931, the statement of the Indian Merchants' Chamber commercial association urging consumers in India to buy only Indian-made products, and the establishment of a central planning commission in China after the Soviet model.
- Published
- 1931
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