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The article presents the study on a mixed deciduous forest in Central India. The result of the study of the Patharia Forest, Sagar, brings out several types of forests including Butea monosperma-Diospyros melanoxylon type, Anogeissus latifolia-Terminalia tomentosa-Diospyros melanoxylon type, Mixed teak type, and Riverain type. It indicates that the effect of vegetation on soil and destruction of vegetation by man are the factors modifying the red soil and black soil in Patharia. The soils and ecological factors operating in the region are also discussed. Soils are being studied for pH, moisture content, exchangeable calcium, magnesium, organic matter, nitrogen, pore space, volume and water holding capacity.