Search

Sponsored jointly by the Canadian Department of Labour and the U.S. Department of Labor, the Conference was held to examine the impact of automation on employment and unemployment, the nature of jobs being created and eliminated, and steps to be taken to ease the effect of technological change on workers. The participants were government, management, labor, and university representatives from North American U.S. and other Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development countries. The U.S. Department of Labor papers are: (1) "Technological Change, Productivity, and Employment in the United States," by L. Greenberg, (2) "The Pace of Technological Change and the Factors Affecting It" by S.L. Wolfbein, (3) "Effects of Technological Change on Occupational Employment Patterns in the United States" by E. Clague, (4) "Effects of Technological Change on the Nature of Jobs" by L. Levine, (5) "The Labor Force Adjustment of Workers Affected by Technological Change" by R.C. Goodwin, and (6) "Implications for Government-Sponsored Training Programs in the U.S.A." by J.P. Walsh. The appendixes contain a bibliography of selected references and a list of all 16 technical papers presented at the Conference. (HC)

The four papers included in this document are: (1) "Preparing Management for MIS" presented at the GUIDE-32 Meeting, May, 1971; (2) "Training Management for MIS" presented on March 17, 1970, to the Central New York Chapter of the Association for Systems Management; (3) "How to Unlock the Computer's Profit Potential" presented at the 1969 Spring Seminar of the Steel Valley Chapter of the Association for Systems Management; and (4) "The Process of Effective Data Systems Development" presented at the 1968 Data Processing Management Association Convention. (MM)

Individually Prescribed Instruction, the Automated Learning Management System, Computer Assisted Instruction, and the Interactive System are discussed in a general way in this paper that, nevertheless, describes the state of the art. Although these four developments, treated as four modes in the same process, are considered to be a major break from traditional education, the idea that instant changes in education are possible is repudiated. Administration and the social ambience of schools must be changed, more basic research needs to be done, a great deal more money must be spent, and increasingly, new areas of effort are going to have to be precisely defined. Universities will then be forced to accept the new disciplines. (GO)

TWO PROJECTS ON THE DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION OF A MAN-MACHINE SYSTEM FOR COUNSELING IN THE PALO ALTO AND LOS ANGELES SCHOOL DISTRICTS ARE REPORTED. THE EARLIER PHILCO 2000 COMPUTER PROGRAMS SIMULATED A COUNSELOR'S WORK IN THE EDUCATIONAL PLANNING INTERVIEW BY ACCEPTING INPUTS SUCH AS SCHOOL GRADES, TEST SCORES, AND BIOGRAPHICAL DATA. IT ANALYZED DATA ACCORDING TO AN INFERRED MODEL OF THE COUNSELOR'S DECISION-MAKING RULES, AND PRINTED OUT EVALUATIVE STATEMENTS. AN AUTOMATED EDUCATIONAL INTERVIEW PROGRAM NOW REVIEWS STUDENT PROGRESS, COLLECTS COMMENTS FROM THE STUDENT, REACTS TO STUDENT PLANS, AND HELPS PLAN A HIGH SCHOOL COURSE SCHEDULE. THE CURRENT PROJECT, IN THE INITIAL DESIGN PHASE, INCLUDED A SURVEY OF COUNSELOR PRACTICES, SELECTED AN EXPERIMENTAL FIELD SITE, ANALYZED COUNSELING OPERATIONS IN THE FIELD SITE, AND TRAINED COUNSELORS IN SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY AND LAB DEVELOPMENT OF LIMITED SOFTWARE SYSTEMS. A PLAN WAS FORMULATED TO COMPUTERIZE THE MAJOR INFORMATION-PROCESSING TASKS IN THE COUNSELING OPERATION. THE DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION PHASES WILL FOLLOW. A SAMPLE INTERVIEW IS INCLUDED. THIS PAPER WAS PRESENTED AT THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION CONVENTION, NEW YORK, N.Y., SEPTEMBER 4, 1966. (WR)

Ten essays from the Michigan State Leadership Seminars discuss the social imperatives confronting adult education and what the university can do and ought to be doing about them. The impact of the population explosion, urbanization, automation, the knowledge explosion, and the Bomb make it imperative that new concepts of work and leisure be built into the culture. The role of the university in meeting these problems remains a moot question. It seems clear that without tension generated from within and without, the university would lose its intellectuality and relevancy. The limits of involvement of the university are debated but its role should at least be training the intellect, demonstrating the importance of lifelong learning, and being a detached societal critic; and it should avoid the role of a social agency. Within this context careful articulation of the counseling service and a cadre of curriculum specialists seem to offer promise for pushing ahead with an integrated continuing curriculum. (dm)

This report presents a proposed program plan for developing an integrated library network in the State of Washington. The need for such a plan arises from the requirements of Title III of the Library Services and Construction Act and from the increasing demands placed upon libraries and the resulting need to use available resources better. The intent of the program is (1) to promote the increased sharing of resources by libraries, particularly of different kinds and with different area jurisdictions; (2) to use modern technology in an appropriate, economic manner to facilitate the sharing of resources; and (3) to expand the availability of library materials to every resident of the State. Although elements of the program are already in existence, in experimentation, or in discussion, the plan proposed a logical integration of these elements into a single planned progression of steps. Included in this report are a description of the proposed network, the program plan and schedule for implementation, and the specifications of the processing center and switching center. Aspects of the network which are described include geographical area groups, the State Library Card Production Service, specialty groups, a switching center to provide access to major library resources and geographical speciality groups, and technical services. A list of available sources of catalogs and indexes on magnetic tape is appended. (Author/JB)

The papers given at this symposium were selected for their description of how specific problems were tackled, and with what success, as opposed to proposals unsupported by experience. The goal was to permit the audience to profit from the trials (and errors) of others. The eighteen papers presented are: "Business and the University Computer Science Department: The Left-Hand Side of a Dialogue,""Undergraduate Computer Science Education,""Visiting Industrial Professors and Sabbaticals in Industry,""A Student-Designed Undergraduate Program,""A Large-Scale Undergraduate Programme in Computer Science,""Network Computing for Computer Science Departments,""The Computer Science Teaching Laboratory at the University of Washington,""A Course on the Relationship of Formal Language Theory to Automata,""The Emergence of Computational Arithmetic as a Component of the Computer Science Curriculum,""Principles of Computer System Organization,""Teaching Systems Programming and Software Design: Problems and Solutions,""The Challenge of Computer Science in New Zealand,""Computer Science in Israel's Institutions of Higher Learning,""Computer Education for Secondary School Mathematics Teachers,""Liberal Arts Education in Computers,""Experience with a 'Universal' Introductory Course in Computer Science,""Introducing the Computer at a Small Liberal Arts College," and "A Complete Package for Introducing Computer Science." (Author/NH)

This collection of 25 papers and panels presented at the 1971 Engineering Conference of the National Association of Broadcasters surveys recent technical developments in the field. At least four of these papers are relevant to education. "Everything You Wanted to Know About Cartridge Machines--But Were Afraid to Ask" describes improvements in recent models of cartridge machines, explains procedures for the maintenance of these machines and how to use test cartridges to determine sensitivity of cartridges. "Magnetic Tapes in the 70's" concerns improvements in technology which have produced better tapes. "Operational Experience with Video Tape Cartridges" explains how these cartridges have allowed one television station greater efficiency, economy, and flexibility in showing commercials. "Computers and Automation--Are They in Your Future?" suggests that the potential of computers to automate television traffic operations is great and should be fully utilized. (JK)

Librarians and their concerned colleagues met to give, hear and discuss papers on library automation, primarily by computers. Noted at this second meeting on library automation were: (1) considerably more sophistication and casualness about the techniques involved, (2) considerably more assurance of what and where things can be applied and (3) considerably more realizations of the complexity and the time-spans involved in the changes with which librarians are faced. Papers presented include: (1) Capability of the IBM-360 On-line System for Library Automation, (2) New Programs from Old - MARC and the Bibliographical Record, (3) The Library as a Total Information Resource and (4) Organizational Analysis and Simulation Studies of University Libraries. The panel session was on library professionalism vis-a-vis the computer. All the papers given, except one, are presented in the proceedings. Some of the discussion was omitted. A description of a workshop clinic which was part of the program is included. (NH)

THE TEXTS OF TEN PAPERS ARE INCLUDED--(1) REFLECTIONS FROM OUTSIDE, (2) DIVERSITY AND DIVISIVENESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION, (3) EDUCATION FOR THE NEXT GENERATION, (4) THE COMMUNITY CAMPUS, (5) THE JUNIOR COLLEGE AND INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION, (6) THE FLORIDA-COLOMBIA ALLIANCE PROGRAM, (7) THE JUNIOR COLLEGE TRUSTEE, (8) BOARD RELATIONSHIPS TO ADMINISTRATION AND FACULTY, (9) BOARD RESPONSIBILITY FOR A CLIMATE OF CREATIVITY, AND (10) TRENDS IN EDUCATING HEALTH SERVICE WORKERS. ALSO INCLUDED ARE MATERIALS FROM FORUMS--(1) EVALUATING TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS, (2) FEDERAL LEGISLATION, (3) COMPUTERS AND COLLEGES, (4) STRENGTHENING STUDENT PERSONNEL SERVICES, (5) THE NEW CURRICULUMS, (6) FROM JUNIOR TO SENIOR COLLEGE, AND (7) REPAIRING STUDENT DEFICIENCES IN ENGLISH. THIS DOCUMENT IS ALSO AVAILABLE FOR $2.00 FROM THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF JUNIOR COLLEGES, 1315 SIXTEENTH STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036. (WO)

Contents: (1) Session on Acquisitions, "Acquisitions--Policies, Procedures, and Problems" by Louis Vagianos, with a supplement "Brown University Library Fund Accounting System" by Robert Wedgeworth, "Simon Fraser's Automated Acquisitions System" by T.C. Dobb, and "Automated Acquisition at University of Western Ontario" by John F. Macpherson, (2) Session on Serials, "Serials Systems" by R.W. MacDonald, "Automation of Serials at he Canadian National Railways" by Helene Dechief, and "Progress in the Automation of Serials at the National Science Library" by Eric Clyde, (3) Session on Circulation, "Circulation Control Systems" by J. Emery Kanasy, "Circulation Control Systems" by Jack Billington, and "Circulation Control in the U.B.C. (University of British Columbia) Library" by Robert Harris, (4) Session on Cataloguing, "Information Retrieval and the Library" by Anthony F Hall, "Library Catalogue Production at Laval University" by Guy Forget, and "Implications of Technology on Library processes--the Catalog" by Ralph M. Shoffner, and (5) Session on Management, "Management Implications of Mechanization" by William J. Kurmey, "Automation in a University Library from the Administrator's Viewpoint" by Basil Stuart-Stubbs, and "Library Automation--A Primer on Some of the Implications" by William Watson. (CM)

A method is described for the preparation of linearising cam. It is based upon the mathematical treatment of the response obtained from an initial scan using the stepwedge prepared from human serum protein on rules, siliconised paper. The form of the equation connecting protein concentration on the paper strip to the reflected light complied with the requirements of a rectangular hyperbola.

A few of the areas of paper making where automation has had a significant impact are reviewed, viz. in stock proportioning, consistency control, control of the drying of paper, continuous colouring of paper, basis-weight control, and the problem of trim. On-line computer control of the paper-making machine is briefly discussed.

AT A CONFERENCE OF ADULT EDUCATORS DESIGNED TO BRING INTO FOCUS NEW PERSPECTIVES OF THE ROLES OF ADULT EDUCATION, PAPERS WERE PRESENTED ON THE CHANGING CONCEPTS OF PRODUCTIVE LIVING AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONCERN FOR PRODUCTIVE LIVING AND ADULT EDUCATION. AN OVERVIEW PROVIDED A WORKING ORIENTATION AND DESCRIBED THE BASIC FORCES AND PROBLEMS IN THE CHANGING ROLE AND CONCEPTUALIZATION OF WORK AND INDIVIDUAL PRODUCTIVITY. A SCHEMATIC MODEL WAS DEVELOPED OF THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIETY TO EXPLAIN THE EVOLUTIONARY, FEEDBACK, AND SYNTHESIS MECHANISMS OF INDIVIDUALS DYNAMICALLY INTERACTING IN SOCIETY. A PAPER DISCUSSES THE PROBLEM OF LEISURE IN MODERN SOCIETY. OUTDATED AND UNREALISTIC CONCEPTS OF COMMUNITY LIFE WERE IDENTIFIED AS FRUSTRATING AND BLOCKING PROGRESS TOWARD MORE PRODUCTIVE LIVING. THE PAPERS CONCLUDED WITH A DISCUSSION OF THE CHANGING SEX ROLES IN THE AMERICAN FAMILY AS REFLECTED IN VARYING NORMS FOR FAMILY LIVING, AND THE ROLE AND FUNCTION OF THE ADULT EDUCATOR IN RELATION TO THESE CHANGING CONCEPTS OF SEX ROLE DIFFERENTIATION. THIS DOCUMENT IS ALSO AVAILABLE FROM THE BOOKSTORE, UNIVERSITY EXTENSION, THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, 432 NORTH LAKE ST., MADISON, WISCONSIN 53706, FOR $2.50. (EB)

The proceedings contain papers given by the members of the chapter who come from both the University and Business environments. Some operational indexing, bibliographic, SDI and Retrospective Search Systems which include CAN/SDI, Compendex, TEXT-PAC, SIS II & III, KWOC and FAMULUS are discussed. Also included are papers on two projects conducted by the Computing Science department of the University of Alberta; the one project is an on-line thesaurus and the second an Information Retrieval Laboratory. Other papers are about the computerized circulation system at the University of Calgary's library, the Marc project at the University of Saskatchewan and the problems of design and coding questionnaires. (Author)

Information science is a young and rapidly growing field, embracing a wide range of subjects and activities. The conference, in ten technical sessions, attempted to cover various aspects of information work. The areas covered were: information analysis and information analysis centers; retrieval of information; selection, education and training of personnel; and, publishing and reprography. The proceedings volumes are arranged in order of sessions. Summaries of discussions follow the papers presented at each session. Volume two includes papers delivered under the following broad topic categories: evaluation of retrieval effectiveness; selection, education and training of personnel; publishing and reprography; commercially available services; and processing for automation. A summary of an open meeting of the International Federation for Documentation Study Committee, "Information for Industry," is included. The list of participants and name and author affiliation indexes for both volumes appear in this volume. (Volume one is LI 003 760.) (Author/SJ)

A collection of 28 papers deals with reading in various parts of the world. The following countries are represented: Australia, Canada, England, France, Germany, India, Iran, New Zealand, South Africa, Sweden, and the United States. The papers are organized under four main headings: (1) Developmental Reading: This section discusses reading readiness, reading instruction, automation, and programing. (2) Reading Problems: Topics included are educational and environmental causes, psycholinguistics, mental capacity, and psychological and motivational problems. (3) Research Contributions: Research reports and research reviews are presented on such topics as teaching methods, comprehension, listening, and children's language, and (4) Challenges for the Future: This part concerns the future of reading education in general and the challenges in specific countries in particular. Tables and references for individual papers are included. (This document previously announced as ED 059 007.) (AW)

The developing role of the library as a center for cultural activity was the principal subject of discussion at the sixth Anglo-Scandinavian Library Conference. Aspects of this growing function which were treated in participants' papers included: the spectrum of activities which is encompassed by the word "cultural"; the library's role in co-ordinating cultural programs with related institutions in a region or locality; the public contact activities necessitated by the expansion of the library's traditional responsibilities and the importance of preserving the rightful place of the book and book-related activities as the focal point of new library programs. Other papers presented at the conference covered the topics of automation in British libraries and the future of the Anglo-Scandinavian Library Conferences. A narrative report of the post-conference study tour and a list of conference delegates are included. (JN)

On-line retrieval system design is discussed in the two papers which make up Part Five of this report on Salton's Magical Automatic Retriever of Texts (SMART) project report. The first paper: "A Prototype On-Line Document Retrieval System" by D. Williamson and R. Williamson outlines a design for a SMART on-line document retrieval system using console initiated search and retrieval procedures. The conversational system is described as well as the program organization. The second paper: "Template Analysis in a Conversational System" by S. F. Weiss discusses natural language conversational systems. The use of natural language makes possible the implementation of a natural dialogue system, and renders the system available to a wide range of users. A set of goals for such a system is presented. An experimental conversational system is implemented using a template analysis process. A detailed discussion of both user and system performance is presented. (For the entire SMART project report see LI 002 719 and for parts 1-4 see LI 002 720 through LI 002 723.) (NH)

Part Two of the eighteenth report on Salton's Magical Automatic Retriever of Texts (SMART) project is composed of three papers: The first: "The Effect of Common Words and Synonyms on Retrieval Performance" by D. Bergmark discloses that removal of common words from the query and document vectors significantly increases precision and that synonyms were more effective for recall than common words. Paper two: "Negative Dictionaries" by K. Bonwich and J. Aste-Tonsmann discusses a rationale for constructing negative dictionaries and examines the retrieval results of experimentally produced dictionaries. The third paper: "Experiments in Automatic Thesaurus Construction for Information Retrieval" by G. Salton describes several new methods for automatic, or semi-automatic, dictionary construction, including procedures for the automatic identification of common words, and novel automatic grouping methods. The resulting dictionaries are evaluated in an information retrieval environment. (For the entire SMART project report see LI 002 719, for Part One see LI 002 720 and for Parts 3-5 see LI 002 722 through LI 002 724.) (NH)

Two papers are included as Part Four of this report on Salton's Magical Automatic Retriever of Texts (SMART) project report. The first paper: "A Controlled Single Pass Classification Algorithm with Application to Multilevel Clustering" by D. B. Johnson and J. M. Laferente presents a single pass clustering method which compares favorably with more expensive clustering algorithms. The method is tested using the ADI collection of 82 documents and the Cranfield 424 Collection. The results are compared to full search and to results obtained by searching clusters produced by Dattola's algorithm. The second paper: "A Systematic Study of Query-Clustering Techniques: A Progress Report" by S. Worona describes an experiment using various techniques of query clustering on the Cranfield 424 document collection and gives some preliminary results. Several methods of evaluating the performance of clustered searches in the context of query-clustering are discussed. Some observations are also made concerning use of the SMART system as implemented at Cornell University. (For the entire SMART project report see LI 002 719, for parts 1-3 see LI 002 720 through LI 002 722, for part 5 see LI 002 724.) (NH)

Part Three of this five part report on Salton's Magical Automatic Retriever of Texts (SMART) project contains four papers. The first: "Variations on the Query Splitting Technique with Relevance Feedback" by T. P. Baker discusses some experiments in relevance feedback performed with variations on the technique of query splitting. The results indicate that these variations, as tested, offer no significant improvement over previously tried methods of query splitting. Paper two: "Effectiveness of Feedback Strategies on Collections of Differing Generality" by B. Capps and M. Yin evaluates the comparative effectiveness of several feedback strategies on the Cranfield 200 and Cranfield 400 Collections. Results are assessed from both the user and the system viewpoint; some strategies appeared equally effective on both collections. The third paper: "Selective Negative Feedback Methods" by M. Kerchner deals with experiments performed with several new methods of using nonrelevant retrieval documents to modify queries which retrieved no relevant material in the first N documents retrieved. Paper four: "The Use of Past Relevance Decisions in Relevance Feedback" by L. Paavola investigates some possibilities for exploiting the potential similarity among documents judged relevant to the same query in relevance feedback. (See also LI 002 719-LI 002 721 and LI 002 723-LI 002 724.) (NH)

Four papers are included in Part One of the eighteenth report on Salton's Magical Automatic Retriever of Texts (SMART) project. The first paper: "Content Analysis in Information Retrieval" by S. F. Weiss presents the results of experiments aimed at determining the conditions under which content analysis improves retrieval results as well as the degree of improvement obtained. The second paper: "The 'Generality' Effect and the Retrieval Evaluation for Larger Collections" by G. Salton assesses the role of the generality effect in retrieval system evaluation and gives evaluation results for the comparisons of several document collections of distinct size and generality in the areas of documentation and aerodynamics. In the third paper: "Automatic Indexing Using Bibliographic Citations" by G. Salton citations are used directly to identify document content and an attempt is made to evaluate their effectiveness in a retrieval environment. The final paper: "Automatic Resolution of Ambiguities from Natural Language Text" by S. F. Weiss discusses the evolutionary process by which ambiguities are created and classifies ambiguities into three classes: true, contextual and syntactic. (For the entire SMART project report see LI 002 719, for parts 2-5 see LI 002 721 through LI 002 724.) (NH)

Four papers are included in these proceedings. The first three discuss specific on-going programs, including details of operation: (1) "Automation of Serials," by Shula Schwartz and Patricia A. Bottalico, reports a serials records automation at Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, Texas; (2) "From Texana to Real-Time Automation," by Calvin J. Boyer, reports an on-line circulation system for Moffet Library at Midwestern University, Wichita Falls, Texas; and (3) "Data Processing Applications for Acquisitions at the TSU Library," by Alvin C. Cage, describes activities at Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas. The fourth paper, "Planning an Automation Program," by John B. Corbin, discusses the problems and processes of planning for automation. (JW)

A representative group from The United Methodist Church met to consider continuing education of the ordained pastor and to formulate recommendations for the church's strategy in ministerial continuing education. After a paper on continuing professional education, another described the minister as a professional--educated, expert, institutional, responsible, and dedicated. A plea was made for systematic career planning and careful research on career development. A partial report was given of a national survey made in 1968 to obtain a profile of leadership in continuing education for ministers, to count participants, and to gather data on evaluation. A review was made of major categories of programs, support for them, the denominational organizations intended to serve them, and several innovations. A final paper discussed cybernation as responsible for heightening the anxiety of loss of meaning of the human role. A panel discussion on the minister's needs led to formulations of objectives for the minister's continuing education and recommendations for United Methodist strategy development in continuing education. (pt)

Twelve studies dealing with the problems of applying technology to unmet human and community needs are presented. "Urban Planning and Metropolitan Development--The Role of Technology," examines the possibilities of the computer and other modern planning tools. "Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress in Housing and Urban Development" describes innovations in the housing field. "Technology and Urban Needs--A Report of the Engineering Foundation Research Conference on the Social Consequences of Technology" summarizes the conclusions of the 60 participants. "The Four Aerospace Contracts--A Review of the California Experience" reports on feasibility studies of the application of aerospace industry skills to problems of urban transportation and solid waste control. Another paper analyzes the same studies to determine the usefulness of the systems approach to large-scale social problems. "Technological Change As It Relates to Air Pollution,""Water Pollution Control," and "Report on the Solid Waste Problem" describe the problems and suggest alternative solutions. Other papers treat (1) transportation policy, (2) life sciences, (3) social, political, and economic models and simulations, and (4) techniques to assure the proper use of government developed technologies. Other appendixes to VT 003 962 are VT 003 960, VT 003 961 and VT 005 795-VT 005 797. (EM)

This report on the needs of research libraries with recommendations for improvement is based on minutes of meetings of the Committee on Research Libraries and commissioned papers on topics of major concern. Problems of research libraries involve: (1) increased demands because of rising university population, new business and industrial information needs, extensive government research, and a wider scope of scholarship, (2) inadequate acquisition, cataloging and bibliographic apparatus, (3) preservation of materials, (4) staff, (5) library costs, and (6) automation. A major conclusion is that the nation's research libraries need greater assistance from both government and private sectors to respond effectively to increasing demands. A national library system is proposed that will require major federal leadership and support and will involve the creation of a national commission on libraries to be concerned with establishing the library system, advising the government on library needs, and planning and coordinating in the areas of acquisitions, bibliography, and technology. Other areas covered by specific recommendations are: the Library of Congress, the Center for Research Libraries, durable paper, and all types of financial support. Included are the complete texts of three commissioned papers, covering bibliographical control, technology, and the federal government. A discussion of copyright is appended. (JB)

THE PURPOSE OF THE CONFERENCE WAS TO ACQUAINT LIBRARIANS WITH EXISTING MECHANIZATION PROGRAMS IN TEXAS LIBRARIES AND WITH EXPERIMENTATION AND PLANNING BEING CARRIED ON. SEVEN PAPERS ARE INCLUDED, TWO BY AN IBM REPRESENTATIVE AND FIVE BY TEXAS LIBRARIANS. THE TWO PAPERS BY DONALD H. KRAFT, IBM REPRESENTATIVE, ARE "A 'TOTAL SYSTEMS' APPROACH TO LIBRARY MECHANIZATION" AND "THE INFLUENCE AND IMPACT OF MECHANIZATION ON LIBRARIES AND SOCIETY TODAY AND TOMORROW." THE BOOK CATALOG PROGRAM OF THE AUSTIN PUBLIC LIBRARY IS TREATED IN TWO PAPERS, ONE BY MAE LEA MCCURDY, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF THE LIBRARY, AND ONE BY O.R. MCCASLIN, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF FINANCE FOR THE CITY OF AUSTIN. THE REMAINING THREE ARTICLES ARE "THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM OF THE FONDREN LIBRARY, RICE UNIVERSITY" BY FREDERICK RUECKING, HEAD OF ITS DATA PROCESSING DIVISION, "THE ACQUISITIONS PROGRAM OF THE CENTRALIZED PROCESSING CENTER OF THE TEXAS STATE LIBRARY," BY JOHN B. CORBIN, DIRECTOR OF ITS TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION, AND "THE SERIALS MECHANIZATION PROGRAM OF THE TEXAS AM UNIVERSITY LIBRARY," BY BRUCE W. STEWART, DATA PROCESSING SUPERVISOR. (CC)

THESE PROCEEDINGS CONSIST OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE MEETING, GROUPED INTO TWO SUBJECT AREAS--THE VETERANS ADMINISTRATION LIBRARY PROGRAM AND THE REGIONAL MEDICAL PROGRAM OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. THE IDEA OF THE SUCCESSFUL MEDICAL LIBRARY AS A PHYSICIAN'S LABORATORY IS EXPLORED, REFERRING TO VA HOSPITAL LIBRARIES. A DESCRIPTION OF THE PILOT AUTOMATED HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM STUDY (PILOT AHIS) IS REVIEWED, WHILE THE FORCES INFLUENCING VA LIBRARY SERVICES ARE OUTLINED IN AN ABSTRACT OF A LONGER PAPER. THE ROLE OF THE VA CENTRAL OFFICE LIBRARY IN THE VA LIBRARY NETWORK AND A DESCRIPTION OF LIBRARY SERVICE IN THE WASHINGTON VA HOSPITAL ARE THE OTHER TOPICS COVERED. THE SECOND GROUP OF PAPERS OPENS WITH THE SUMMARY OF A REVIEW OF CURRENT MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION PROGRAMS, FOLLOWED BY AN OVERVIEW OF THE REGIONAL MEDICAL PROGRAM AND ITS RELATION TO MEDICAL LIBRARY ACTIVITIES AND A DISCUSSION OF THE ROLE OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION IN REGIONAL MEDICAL PLANNING. THE COMPLETE TEXT OF THE PAPER ON VA LIBRARY SERVICES IS PUBLISHED IN THE JANUARY, 1968, "BULLETIN OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION" AS "THE VETERANS ADMINISTRATION LIBRARY PROGRAM," BY HENRY J. GARTLAND. (JB)

Power take-off systems are necessary for most of today's trucks supplying the power to operate various truck-mounted equipment on tipping gear, garbage packers, fuel tankers, bulk cement tankers, refrigeration trucks, and many more applications. PTOs are gear-driven units that fit to, and obtain their power from, the truck gearbox and transmit the power through a drive shaft to the unit being driven, such as a pump or compressor. Other special PTOs are available which drive off the engine and main driveline. Many types of PTOs are described which cater for a wide range of horsepowers and speeds to suit truck users' needs; they are controlled from the driving cab by direct rods or remotely by flexible cables or air pressure. Giving the truck user the best and most economical PTO system is dependent upon the PTO transmission and truck manufacturer ensuring that a suitable PTO is available and that the transmission PTO mounting is available to accept the PTO and its drive. More automation on future trucks will make co-operation between these manufacturers increasingly essential, to maintain the continuing expansion of the trucking industry.

Progress made in reciprocating compressor control systems in recent years has been dramatic. Extensive use of sophisticated compressor control systems has taken place in the natural gas pipeline industry. Automated pipeline compressors in a dozen stations, totalling 100 000 hp or more, may be under the command of a single operator. Rapid developments, particularly in solid-state technology, will permit compressor controls to be more extensive and reliable. With a continuing trend towards more complex plants and processes, more control functions will be automated since manual surveillance alone will find it difficult to provide assured improvement in compressor safety and performance.

This paper was prepared to provide a frame of reference to the role of microfilm within the information retrieval world and to provide an opportunity for evaluation of the use of microforms for active retrieval applications. The paper discusses the principles of information retrieval, considers subject and classification indexing, and describes elements of coding for manual and machine applications. The implications of information retrieval practices on microform information retrieval systems are considered. The author discusses costs, equipment, advantages and disadvantages, and other characteristics of manual, semiautomated, and automated information retrieval using aperture card, microfiche, roll and cartridge film, and film strip systems. Illustrations of various types of indexes show the differences in format of KWIC, KWOC, co-occurrence, and coordinate indexes. A 39-item bibliography is appended. (Author/JW)

The fourth Canadian Association of College and University Libraries (CACUL) Conference on Library Automation was held in Hamilton, June 20-21, 1970, as a pre-conference workshop of the Canadian Library Association (CLA). The purpose of the conference was to present papers on current projects and to discuss the continuing need for this type of meeting. This publication consists of the four papers presented during the first day of the workshop. They are entitled: (1) Scope in Cataloguing, (2) MARC at University of Saskatchewan, (3) Inter-University Circulation Data System. An In-Depth Analysis, and (4) Computerized Serials System at Laval. The second day of the workshop was devoted to discussions of problems raised during the question periods following each presentation (not included here). A list of workshop participants is included. (SG)

Papers included in this document are: (1) Communication and Secrecy in Science; (2) The Suppliers Point of View--Introductory Paper; (3) Four 'New' Sciences: An Approach to Complexity; (4) Les Problemes Poses par le Vocabulaire Documentaire et l'Organisation des Dictionnaires et Thesaurus: (5) Mechanical Reading--Trends and Developments in Character and Pattern Recognition; (6) Non-numerical Mathematics and Data Processing; (7) Efficient Transfer of Textual Information; (8) On-line Information Storage and Retrieval; (9) Manual Systems--TDCK Circular Thesaurus System; (10) Mechanised Systems; (11) An Introduction to the Study of Cost Effectiveness in Information Systems; (12) Selective Dissemination of Information; (13) Interactive Information Processing, Retrieval, and Transfer; (14) Man-Machine Interface; (15) Education. (CC)