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What sort of a home was Karl Munichreiter, the shoe- maker of Vienna, defending when they dragged him out heavily wounded, and, wounds and all, took him to the scaffold to be hanged? Reports from the victors say that this home-assuming that be was captured in one of the workers' "strongholds" was a fort. They say that clever leaders planned them in this fashion, because the big structures dominated the industrial centers where the workers worked, and because the walls were capable of stopping rifle bullets. Yet any house in Vienna will stop bullets if built of masonry, and so will any house in America if the masonry is not just a veneer. And machine-gun emplacements in apartment houses-see the peace-time papers of Chicago or New York.

This article presents a biography of landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted. Olmsted is remembered today as the father of U.S. landscape architecture. Central Park in New York is probably his best-known work, but he left many monuments to his greatness as an artist. He created lovely parks in the urban jungles of cities throughout the country, he designed university campuses from Yale to Stanford and California, and he fashioned dozens of other scenic landscapes, including Capitol Hill in Washington, D. C.

In thinking about a home, one might place on one side of the balance all the favorite desires. The average American would like his home capacious, comfortable, well serviced and in addition, how he would like to have it air-conditioned, not to say streamlined. The few people who are more subtle than the average want gardens, playgrounds for the children, security from traffic and distance from noise, and a sense of peace and ease. A home in such terms would arouse a feeling of desire all strive hard for luxuries, not necessities. Over against these desires, as the source of their satisfaction, stand the national resources, the factories, the workers, engineers, and planners who combine to make up the capacity of the plant. And in the U.S. this capacity is adequate. The housing movement began its attack on these irrelevant costs with what economies the technical ingenuity of planners and architects could devise in the field. To circumvent high land costs it devised better layouts, and against high construction costs it devised "large-scale operations."

The article presents information on social conditions at Aspen, Colorado. Strangely enough, the people of Aspen are indifferent to the beautification of the city. Not long ago, some Aspen architects decided that the planting of more trees would be a good idea. But when they approached the store and restaurant owners, only a few agreed to spend $12.50 for a tree. This seems all the more shocking because retail sales amount to $9 million a year. Despite Aspen's riches and cultural aspirations, the county library has sufficient funds to keep open only a few hours a day. And even more important there is still no adequate water-purification plant.

Americans faith and innovative zeal swept away all obstacles and surmounted all difficulties. The American achievement shines out for all to see, an affluent society, an unparalleled military and economic strength, a school population of 59 million in a country of 204 million, scientific research that leads the world, a technology which has succeeded in putting man on the moon, and an abundance of consumer goods, as well as of writers, poets, artists, architects. In short, U.S. is a civilization, a culture, a way of life, and a way of looking at the world and the future.

Presents information about an architect who does not have any sound idea about architectural designs. Criticism of the U.S. embassy's architecture in Paris, France by the architect; Exploitation of art critics by the journalistic system under which they work; Criticism of the American Government Office Building located in Avenue Gabriel; Glimpses of romantic architecture that can be found on the third floor of the building.

Chicago, Illinois has long been a more vivid city architecturally than New York. There is even a heritage of architectural heroes there. One was Uncle Thin Burnham, who said, "make no little plans," and who, himself, made some grand ones. Another was Louis Sullivan, probably still America's greatest artist in architecture, whose Chicago business buildings, among them the Carson Pine Scott department store in the Loop, Chicago, are in their way as deep and unknowable as Greek temple ruins. There are a number of other Chicago architects, who became great characters in their community, and whose buildings did so as well.

The article covers various issues related to art as of September 1960. The front cover of the September 1960 issue of "American Artist" features a work by French painter and architect Hubert Robert. Edgar A. Whitney has joined the magazine's board as a contributing editor, and a brief description of his credentials is provided. A painting by Frederic Remington, which was exhibited at the Whitney Gallery of Western Art in Cody, Wyoming, remains missing despite a 25,000 dollar reward for its return.

Edward D. Stone is one of the most successful architects in the United States today, having captured the imagination of the people, certainly of the press, with such grandiose architectural notions as this immense and impersonal symbol of the entertaining arts. He designed the U.S. exhibit building for the Brussels World's Fair of 1958, also a round building, but with a pool in its center, as well as the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi, which had a large pool in its core too, not a social armory. These are much livelier designs than his cultural center because the open cores do subtract from their deadly bulk.

Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in the previous issues of the periodical, The Nation. Reduction in federal taxes; "The Real Japanese" which focused on an American architect in Tokyo, Japan; Correspondence of the U.S. President Thomas Jefferson.