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The article presents the paper, the first of a series of reporting a five to fifteen year follow-up study of children with infantile psychoses, which attempts to provide a fairly detailed description of the children and their disorders in England. The group consisted of the 69 children who were all those who attended the Maudsley Hosspital between 1950 and 1958. The group is compared with a group of non-psychotic children who attended the same hospital at the same time, and who were individually matched for age, sex and intelligence levels.

The method of decomposition is applied to evaluate the role played by fertility and age composition of women at risk in annual fluctuations in the number of legitimate live births in England and Wales during the period 1956–70. The analysis shows that the upward trend in the numbers of births during the period 1956–64 was mainly due to a rise in the level of period fertility and that the downward trend thereafter has been due to a declining trend in fertility alone. The analysis also shows that the size and age distribution of women at risk have strongly affected the size of birth cohorts born since 1964. Such effects have been in the direction of increasing the numbers of births to women under 25 years of age in a period of falling fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article examines the validity of sociologist Gregory King's estimates of the population of England and Wales in 1695 and of its age composition. The estimates are analyzed in the light of the available King's manuscripts. A study of some of the original returns suggests that the population enumerations used by King in constructing his ratios of persons per house, while by no means perfect, were nevertheless reasonable in quality. The account given in the Kashnor manuscript provides some factual basis for King's allocation of houses between London, England the other cities and market towns, and the rest of England and Wales. Demographic ratios for London agree well with those obtained from more extensive contemporary material. For the rest of the nation, such a check is not possible. But analysis of the census returns for England and Wales during the nineteenth century suggests that, at least, the ratios used by King for the other towns and for the villages and hamlets were not unrealistic. How exactly King computed the numbers of towns in his various categories is not known, and the results cannot be tested for reliability until a fresh analysis of hearth-tax statistics has been made.

The ventilatory functions (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and peak expiratory flow rate) of West Pakistani immigrants working near Manchester were measured. There were 198 `normal' healthy adult workers aged 25 to 60 years and 129 workers aged 16 to 24 years. The subjects were considered `normal' if they did not admit to persistent cough and phlegm. The regression equations on age and height for the two groups are presented together with the corresponding nomograms for the adult group. Ventilatory function reached its maximum between the ages of 25 and 30 years; smokers and dust-exposed subjects did not differ significantly from non-smokers and non-dust-exposed subjects (P>0·1). This was probably due to their relatively light smoking habits and the short duration of dust exposure. The effects of age, in workers over the age of 25 years, and the predominant effects of height on the FVC, FEV, and PEFR are similar to those found in other studies. The ventilatory capacity of the subjects was found to be somewhat lower than that of Caucasians, about equal to that of Negroes living in America, and higher than that of Indians of Asian origin living in Guyana or of Bantu Negroes in South Africa. The predicted FEV/FVC% in the West Pakistani subjects is a little higher than any calculated from the results of other authors, but its regression on age is consistent with the findings of other studies and, therefore, can be used in clinical practice to assess the pulmonary conductance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The effects of education on current migration propensities in the United States are examined for each age group, and an estimate is made of how these age-specific differentials cumulate over a lifetime in determining the number of times that individuals at different educational levels can expect to move over the course of their lives. The independent effects of age, education, and occupation are also examined. Two other sections investigate trends in educational selectivity of migration in the United States and international comparisons of occupational differences in migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data from a representative sample of 736 women aged 45–54 living in or near London in 1965 were analysed with respect to menopausal status and median and mean age at menopause (final menses). The median age at the natural menopause was 50·78 years. The validity of the measures used and the reliability of the data in this and previous studies are discussed. The conclusions are reached that median age of menopause is a more valid measurement than mean age and that there is no conclusive evidence of an increase in the age at menopause over the last century. The data also indicate understatement of the age at the last menstrual period (LMP) by women, with increasing lapse of time.The menopause was found to occur markedly later in currently married women than in unmarried or previously married women. When marital status was controlled by considering currently married women only, increased parity was shown to be related to a late menopause among women of higher socio-economic status, but not among those of lower socio-economic status. There was no notable association between the menopause and early or late menarche and socio-economic status. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]