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This article presents information related to refugees. The Hungarian refugees in Vienna, Austria, are living lives that cannot be IBM-carded. Most families are broken up, one or more of the adults living in a camp, the children in boarding schools or in private homes. They make fantastic treks to see each other. A man in a camp near Salzburg travels 400 miles each weekend to see his wife who cooks for an American family in Vienna. Their children are in a school in Lower Austria. He has no job; she has the only income in the family. They are more fortunate than some. The Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration has registered 1,898 refugees who are termed "hard-core"; too old, too sick or, for some other reason unable to work and, in most cases, impossible to place. Even those refugees who have skills do not easily find jobs. Although the Austrian economy, at present, is quite firm, it still cannot absorb much outside labor.

The article discusses the book "Chiffons de Papier," by Alcide Ebray. The book should convince any one who doubts the definition. Ebray parades before the eyes of the reader an uninterrupted series of treaty violations from 1830, when the Treaty of Vienna suffered its first but not its last infringement, to the days when France defied the Treaty of Versailles by her illegal occupation of the Ruhr. All of the Powers seem to have concealed under the signature of their diplomatic agents mental reservations pregnant with new conflicts, and they seem to have rivaled each other in bringing their tribute to the altar of disloyalty and perjury.

Discusses evidences of party antagonisms in crime reports in Austrian newspapers. Description of how Communist party officer Josef Banninger stalked the streets of Kematen and fired wild shots into the homes of the local Socialist Party chairman and the local paper factory foreman in the "Arbeiter-Zeitung"; Licensing of several newspapers representing the three legally permitted political parties in the "Obrosterreichische Nachrichten"; Composition of the advisory board that ran the operation of the "Salzburger Nachrichten" newspaper.

The article chronicles the evolution of the Austrian state after World War I and discusses the reasons for the reversal of the economic downturn. The article profiles Austria by providing information about its geographic position, culture, agriculture, industry, as well as the importance of Vienna as a banking center. The rehabilitation plan developed by the League of Nations in 1922 is outlined, consisting of a recognition and assertion of Austria's independence, terms of a loan in the amount of 650,000,000 gold crowns, and reform measures. The article discusses the success of the plan and considers the question of whether or not these reforms will address the Austria's fundamental weakness--whether or not it will be able to produce and sell enough goods to pay for imported food.

Presents information on recent socio-political developments from across the world. Information about the great campaign for home repair and modernization in the U.S.; Eighteen thousand banks are ready to make loans for these purposes to people who otherwise could not get the money, and the government guarantees them against loss up to 20 percent, as well as discounting the home owner's paper if desired; Impact of the Nazi movement on Austrian government and administrative circles; Elections in Germany; Mystery of the San Francisco, California longshoremen's strike brought out in the recent inquest into the deaths of Howard Sperry and Nicholas Boredeis, who were killed during the police attacks that accompanied the Industrial Association's attempts to open the port with force.

The article reports on a family of refugees from Czechoslovakia who arrived in the U.S. zone of Austria buried deep within a load of lumber. Members of the family include baker Bedrich Cech, his son, daughter-in-law and two small grandchildren. Details of the preparations made by the family for their trip are given, including drugging the children and lining the traveling space with tar paper. The family plans to go to Earlham, Iowa where Cech's daughter is staying.

This article presents summaries of news related to political development around the world. The text of the American reply to the Austrian note of June 29, 1915, in which the U.S. was requested to place an embargo on the export of arms to the Allies, was published in the morning papers of Monday. With the concentration of Austro-German forces on the Servian frontier and the renewal of the bombardment of Belgrade late last week, it is generally considered that the crisis of the situation is near at hand. A Parliamentary cabal, which has apparently been going on for some time against the French Ministry, and in particular against M. Millerand, Minister of War, and General Joseph Jacques Cesaire Joffre, appears in the last few days to have been killed by healthy publicity.

The article focuses on prevailing political conditions in the U.S., as of May 4, 1953. Vienna, Austria's soft spring weather finds a small crowd of people standing before the U.S. Information Service's Amerika Haus located on Vienna's smart Karntner Straze. Four blocks away the Soviet Information Center building stands. The five-story modern building advertises crude cartoons depicting every variety of Allied wickedness; in its windows American soldiers are painted with sinister hideousness. Their reading rooms contain magazines featuring signed confessions by the U.S. Marine officers that the U.S. is using germ-bombs in Korea.

The article offers information on the theories of the Austrian School, the most fundamentalist of disciplines in modern economy in 1974. In Austrian theory, creation of money frequently results to inflation as the excess pieces of paper chase the constant supply of services and goods. The cause of the Austrian view's cycle is that the government artificially holds the true rate of interest lower than it would otherwise have been.

Europe is at peace, but the Eastern Question survives to plague European diplomacy, and ominous mutterings from the Balkan Peninsula reach us in fragmentary cable reports of a plot to overthrow Ferdinand of Bulgaria. Russia, in winning Austria over to her definition of the term " Nihilist," has thus virtually secured a vindication of her course in the Lutzki affair, which during the last few weeks has been so much discussed in the European papers. The fall of the Servian Ministry was brought about by the opposition of the Radicals to the press law which the Minister of the Interior, M. Gyaya, himself a former Radical, urged the Skupshtina to pass.

The article focuses on financial conditions on Austria. It so happens that two of them, Austria and Italy, have within ten years been delivered from an odious tyranny, both civil and ecclesiastical, and are low, for the first time in their history, enjoying the blessings of free government. That they should have begun to prosper under these circumstances as they have never prospered before, is nothing wonderful; and that they should have done so thus far in spite of the use of irredeemable paper is nothing wonderful either. A national bank was established, the shares of which were sold for paper-money at the above rate, and then the paper-money received for them was destroyed.

The article presents information on various socio-political developments in Austria after the 2nd World War. Nobody in Austria is taking seriously any longer the negotiations for an Austrian peace treaty. The Austrians know perfectly well that only the British among the Allies want to leave Austria and perhaps not even they. The Americans or at least certain very important Americans, clearly want to stay, and the French make no secret of the fact that they would consider the evacuation of Austria a first-rate mistake. If one investigates this matter of taxes, one finds that while direct taxes are as high as in England and perhaps higher, indirect taxes are immeasurably lower. Wages are not high, the low pay of small government officials, $8.40 a week is not uncommon makes inevitable a certain amount of corruption. Recently there was considerable excitement in the Tyrol on the arrival of the fifty-first trainload of Austrian war prisoners from Russia. The papers declared that 1,000 Austrians were still held in a camp at Stalingrad. The prisoners themselves said that they had had to work very hard while in Russia, they were happy to be home and preferred not to dwell on the bad days of their captivity.

The article discusses the problems confronting the Austrian economy. It cites the country's dwindling condition of the industrial sector as seen in the declining investment in new plants and equipment. It also mentions the falling exports compared with rising imports. It reveals that the nationalized industries such as steel, chemicals, paper and lumber have contributed to the economic problems in addition to the alleged lack of capital in both public and private industries.

The article features Lillian Langseth-Christenses, a mural painter and designer. At age 14, she studied design in Kunstgewerbeschule in Vienna, Austria under Josef Hoffman. Back in New York City at 17, she was hailed as the youngest painter of the world's largest mural for the Ziegfeld Theatre. Apart from murals, she accepted designing upholstery, draperies, wallpaper and rugs. Christensen wrote a column for "Liberty Magazine" where she advocated the use of plastic materials in American homes.

The article discusses the development of postcards and the return of their popularity in the U.S. as of 1967. It cites the book "The Picture Postcard & Its Origins," by Frank Staff as an authority on the matter, and states that those produced over the years reflect changing trends over time. The first was developed by Andre Disderi in Paris, France, who patented a way of making calling cards out of pictures. The idea reportedly took off, and with developments in the postal system, the first postcard was made in Austria in 1869.

The article focuses on the decision of Soviet Jews who emigrated from Israel to Vienna, Austria to return to their homeland after several months of delay on the approval of their re-entry visa. It says that some of the reasons why they decided to emigrate to Vienna include the scarcity of jobs, insufficient cultural facilities, poor housing. It also mentions that the major disappointment of the Jewish emigrants is the lack of kindness showed by the Jewish community that they had adopt.

The article presents information on various literary works and publications. It was learned from the "Renaissance" of April 20 that the letter in which the journal's Paris, France correspondent lately described the condition of Protestantism in France, was copied more or loss fully by some of the English journals, and among others by the "Unitarian Herald." A Professor of Vienna, Austria, read a paper last May before the Imperial Academy of Sciences, upon "The Aviguonese Popes," the object of which was to correct a common error in regard to this series of Pontiffs.